scientific classification

Taxonomy is a highly relevant topic when discussing primates, in relation to anthropology. There are many similarities between humans and apes that are evident in anatomy, brain structures, genetics, and biochemistry. Physical similarities between humans and apes belong to zoological taxonomy. Taxonomy here means classification of organisms by their resemblance to others. Take for instance humans and apes. "Humans and apes belong to the same taxonomic superfamily, hominoidea, also known as hominoids." Monkeys are not a part of ...

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Taxonomy, Taxonomy - Example from anthropology, Taxonomy - Abstraction and hierarchy, Taxonomy - Taxonomy and mental classification, Taxonomy - Other uses

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For any word written in a language with whose alphabet or alphabet equivalent has two cases, such as those using the Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, or Armenian alphabet, capitalization (or capitalisation) is the writing of that word with its first letter in majuscules (uppercase) and the remaining letters in minuscules (lowercase). Such words may also be said to be in title case, since traditionally most words in titles of books, films, etc. are capitalized. In Unicode, a few letters have a title case form, ...

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• Capitalization - What to capitalize
• Capitalization - Pronouns
• Capitalization - Nouns
• Capitalization - Adjectives
• Capitalization - Others
• Capitalization - How to capitalise
• Capitalization - Headings and publication titles
• Capitalization - Compound names
• Capitalization - Accents
• Capitalization - Digraphs and ligatures
• Capitalization - Initial mutation

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Borissiak, 1923 Baluchitherium (Indricotherium transouralicum) was a gigantic hornless rhinoceros. It lived in Asia during the late Oligocene and early Miocene epoch of the Tertiary Period, 20-30 million years ago and went extinct 10 million years ago. It is widely known by its synonym Baluchitherium grangeri (Henry Fairfield Osborn, 1923) but the rules of scientific classification are that first publication takes p ...

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In biology, a species is the basic unit of biodiversity. In scientific classification, a species is assigned a two-part name in Latin. The genus is listed first (and capitalized), followed by a specific epithet. For example, humans belong to the genus Homo, and are in the species Homo sapiens. The name of the species is the whole binomial not just the second term (the specific epithet). The binomial, and most other purely formal aspects of the biological codes of nomenclature, were formalized by Carolus Linnaeus in the 1 ...

Including:

• Species - Definitions of species
• Species - Importance in biological classification
• Species - Implications of assignment of species status
• Species - The isolation species concept in more detail
• Species - The isolation question
• Species - The difference question
• Species - Historical development of the species concept

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Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as Carl von Linné ▶ (help·info), and in English usually under the Latinized name Carolus Linnaeus (May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778), the name with which his publications were signed, was a Swedish botanist and physician who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of taxonomy. He is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology (see History of ecology). Carolus Linnaeus - ...

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• Carolus Linnaeus - Biography
• Carolus Linnaeus - Linnaean taxonomy
• Carolus Linnaeus - Students
• Carolus Linnaeus - Other accomplishments

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Eusuchia Protosuchia † Mesosuchia † Sebecosuchia † Thalattosuchia † Crocodilia is an order of large reptiles that scientists believe branched off from class Reptilia about 220 million years ago. They are the closest living relatives of the dinosaurs, as well as the birds. Crocodilia - Spelling. The group is often spelled "Crocodylia" for consistency with the genus Crocodylus Laurenti, 1768. However, Richard Owen used the -i- spelling when he publis ...

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• Crocodilia - Spelling
• Crocodilia - Description
• Crocodilia - Extinct Species
• Crocodilia - Extant species

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See text Cryptocoryne (water trumpet) is a genus of aquatic monocot plants from the family Araceae (arums). The genus is naturally distributed in tropical South and Southeast Asia and in New Guinea with about 60 species. The typical habitats of Cryptocoryne are mostly streams and rivers with not too rapidly flowing water, in the lowland forest. They also live in seasonally inundated forest pools or on river banks submerged only at high water. Although the proper scientific name of the genus is Cryptocory ...

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Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. It gained wide usage as the formal language of the Roman Empire. An inflectional and synthetic language, Latin relies little on word order, conveying meaning through a system of affixes attached to word stems. The Latin alphabet, derived from the Greek, remains the most widely-used alphabet in the world. Although now an extinct language with very few fluent speakers, Latin has had a major influence on many languages that are st ...

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• Latin - History
• Latin - Legacy
• Latin - Grammar
• Latin - Education

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Taxonomies are frequently hierarchical in structure. However taxonomy may also refer to relationship schemes other than hierarchies, such as network structures. Other taxonomies may include single children with multi-parents, for example, "Car" might appear with both parents "Vehicle" and "Steel Mechanisms". A taxonomy might also be a simple organization of objects into groups, or even an alphabetical list. In current usage within "Knowledge Management", taxon ...

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Taxonomy, Taxonomy - Example from anthropology, Taxonomy - Abstraction and hierarchy, Taxonomy - Taxonomy and mental classification, Taxonomy - Other uses

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1753 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State leaders From Categories: births - deaths 1753 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). 1753 - Events. January 1 - Britain and its colonies adopt the idea that 1st January sh ...

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• 1753 - Events
• 1753 - Births
• 1753 - Deaths

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Such taxonomies as those analyzed by Durkheim and Lévi-Strauss are sometimes called folk taxonomies to distinguish them from scientific taxonomies that claim to be disembedded from social relations and thus objective and universal. A recent neologism, folksonomy, should not be confused with Folk Taxonomy (though it is obviously a contraction of the two words). Those who support scientific taxonomies have recently criticized folksonomies by dubbing them fauxonomies. The phrase enterprise taxonomy is used in business to describe a very limited form of taxo ...

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Taxonomy, Taxonomy - Example from anthropology, Taxonomy - Abstraction and hierarchy, Taxonomy - Taxonomy and mental classification, Taxonomy - Other uses

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In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a grouping in the classification of living organisms having one or more related and morphologically similar species. In the common binomial nomenclature, the name of an organism is composed of two parts: its genus (always capitalized) and a species modifier. An example is Homo sapiens, the name for the human species which belongs to the genus Homo. See scientific cla ...

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Latin is a member of the family of Italic languages, and its alphabet, the Latin alphabet, is based on the Old Italic alphabet, which is in turn derived from the Greek alphabet. Latin was first brought to the Italian peninsula in the 9th or 8th century BC by migrants from the north, who settled in the Latium region, specifically around the River Tiber, where the Roman civilization first developed. Latin was influenced by the Celtic dialects and the non-Indo-European Etruscan language in northern Italy ...

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Latin, Latin - History, Latin - Legacy, Latin - Grammar, Latin - Education

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Molecular evolution - Mutations. Main article: Mutation Mutations are permanent, transmissible changes to the genetic material (usually DNA or RNA) of a cell. Mutations can be caused by copying errors in the genetic material during cell division and by exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses, or can occur deliberately under cellular control during the processes such as meiosis or hypermutation. Mutations are considered the driving force of evolution, where less favorable (or deleterious) ...

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Molecular evolution, Molecular evolution - Exceptions to the general description, Molecular evolution - Principles of molecular evolution, Molecular evolution - Mutations, Molecular evolution - Causes of change in allele frequency, Molecular evolution - Molecular study of phylogeny, Molecular evolution - The neutral theory, Molecular evolution - Infinite alleles model, Molecular evolution - Related fields

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Main article: Reverse genetics While forward genetic screens are productive, a more straightforward approach would be to determine the phenotype that results from mutating a given gene. This is called reverse genetics. In some organisms, such as yeast and mice, it is possible to induce the deletion of a particular gene, creating a gene knockout. Alternatives include the random induction of DNA deletions and subsequent selection for deletions in a gene of interest, the application of RNA interference and the creation of tr ...

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Molecular genetics, Molecular genetics - Forward genetics, Molecular genetics - Reverse genetics

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The main feature of interest is its skull. The skull was remarkably square and the blunt snout had many holes, though it was sturdy and frequently recovered in good condition. The huge nostrils, positioned in front of the eyes, probably contained a large area of moist membrane to cool the brain in the hot weather of the Jurassic. The 19 cm-long (7.5 inch) teeth were shaped like chisels (spatulate) and arranged evenly along the jaw. The strength of the teeth indicates that Camarasaurus probably ate coarser plant material than th ...

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Camarasaurus, Camarasaurus - Anatomy, Camarasaurus - Behavior, Camarasaurus - Discovery, Camarasaurus - Classification

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Murray Cod reach sexual maturity between 4 and 6 years of age. Sexual maturity in Murray Cod is dependant on age. Therefore roughly 70% of wild river Murray Cod, with their slower growth rate, have reached sexual maturity by 50cm in length. Wild Murray Cod in impoundments like Lake Mulwala, with their faster growth rates, do not reach sexual maturity until well over 60cm in length. Large female Murray Cod are the most important breeders because they produce the highest egg counts and for other reasons; research is now showing large females in most fish species are also important because they produce larger larvae with ...

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Murray Cod, Murray Cod - Classification and Related Species, Murray Cod - Description, Murray Cod - Size, Murray Cod - Age, Murray Cod - Diet, Murray Cod - Reproduction, Murray Cod - Range, Murray Cod - Conservation, Murray Cod - In Aquariums

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Lucas and Sobus 1989, in their review of the family Indricotheriinae, recognise four valid species of Paraceratherium; these are: Paraceratherium transouralicum (Pavlova, 1922) Also known as Indricotherium, this is the best known and most widespread species, known from the Middle and Late Oligocene of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Nei Monggol in northern China. Lucas and Sobus list the following species as synonyms: Indricotherium asiaticum Borissiak, 1923, Indricotherium minus Bo ...

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Paraceratherium, Paraceratherium - Species of Paraceratherium, Paraceratherium - Reference

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Latin is a member of the family of Italic languages, and its alphabet, the Latin alphabet, is based on the Old Italic alphabet, which is in turn derived from the Greek alphabet. Latin was first brought to the Italian peninsula in the 9th or 8th century BC by migrants from the north, who settled in the Latium region, specifically around the River Tiber, where the Roman civilization first developed. Latin was influenced by the Celtic ...

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Latin, Latin - History, Latin - Legacy, Latin - Grammar, Latin - Education

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Copy protection for early home computer software, especially for games, started a long cat-and-mouse struggle between publishers and crackers. These were (and are) programmers who as a hobby would defeat copy protection on software, add their alias to the title screen, and then distribute the cracked product to the network of warez BBSes or Internet sites that specialized in distributing unauthorized copies of software. Software copy protection schemes for early computers such as the Apple II and Commodore 64 computers depended on pre ...

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Copy protection, Copy protection - Note on terminology, Copy protection - Business rationale, Copy protection - Technical challenges, Copy protection - Copy protection on older media, Copy protection - Copy protection for computer software, Copy protection - Case study: Steam, Copy protection - Copy protection specific to old games, Copy protection - Copy protection for videotape, Copy protection - Copy protection for audio CDs, Copy protection - Copy protection in recent digital media

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