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sciences | A Wisdom Archive on sciences | | sciences A selection of articles related to sciences | |
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sciences, Science, Science - Etymology, Science - External articles and references, Science - Fields of science, Science - Goals of science, Science - Locations of science, Science - Mathematics and the scientific method, Science - Philosophy of science, Science - Science and social concerns, Science - Scientific literature, Science - Scientific method, Science - What is science?, Science - Environmental sciences, Science - Further reading, Science - Holistic interdisciplinary and applied sciences, Science - Natural sciences, Science - News and articles, Science - Resources, Science - Social sciences, Science - Textbooks, Organization and practice of science: International Council of Science (ICSU)., For an understanding of how these fields came to be: History of science., See also scientists for catalogs of people active in each of these fields.
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO sciences | | | | |  sciences: Encyclopedia II - American Philosophical Society - History of the SocietyFrom the beginning, the Society attracted some of America's finest minds. Early members included George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Paine, David Rittenhouse, and John Marshall. The Society also drew philosophers from other nations as members, including Alexander von Humboldt, the Marquis de Lafayette, Baron von Steuben, and Tadeusz Kościuszko.
After the end of the American Revolution, the Society looked for leadership to Francis Hopkinson, one of the signatories of the Declaration of Independe ...
See also:American Philosophical Society, American Philosophical Society - History of the Society, American Philosophical Society - Society Awards, American Philosophical Society - Society Publications, American Philosophical Society - External link Read more here: » American Philosophical Society: Encyclopedia II - American Philosophical Society - History of the Society |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Aldous Huxley - Biography
Aldous Huxley - Early years.
Huxley was born in Godalming, Surrey, England. He was the son of the writer Leonard Huxley by his first wife, Julia Arnold; and grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, one of the most important naturalists of the 19th Century, a man known as "Darwin's Bulldog." His brother Julian Huxley was a biologist also noted for his evolutionary theories. Huxley understandably excelled in the areas he took up professionally, for on his father's side were a number of noted men of science, while on his mo ...
See also:Aldous Huxley, Aldous Huxley - Biography, Aldous Huxley - Early years, Aldous Huxley - Middle years, Aldous Huxley - Later years, Aldous Huxley - Death and afterwards, Aldous Huxley - Films, Aldous Huxley - Selected works, Aldous Huxley - Novels, Aldous Huxley - Short stories, Aldous Huxley - Poetry, Aldous Huxley - Travel writing, Aldous Huxley - Essays, Aldous Huxley - Philosophy, Aldous Huxley - Biography, Aldous Huxley - Children's literature, Aldous Huxley - Collections, Aldous Huxley - Quotes, Aldous Huxley - Trivia Read more here: » Aldous Huxley: Encyclopedia II - Aldous Huxley - Biography |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - University College School - History Giving a detailed blow by blow history of UCS is close to impossible as many of its early records were destroyed when the archives of University College London were bombed in the Second World War, and because many documents were destroyed or left to rot by a headmaster who believed, according to the legendary H.J.K. Usher, "that tradition began with him".
The School was originally founded in 1830 by what was then the University of London, and now University College London. The University of London had been founded by Jeremy Ben ...
See also:University College School, University College School - History, University College School - Location, University College School - Arrangement, University College School - Year names, University College School - Demes, University College School - School motto colours and songs, University College School - Entry, University College School - Former pupils Old Gowers, University College School - Notable faculty, University College School - External link Read more here: » University College School: Encyclopedia II - University College School - History |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - United States Air Force Academy - History
United States Air Force Academy - Establishment.
Although airpower advocates had been pushing for a separate air force academy during previous decades, it was not until the late '40s that the concept of the United States Air Force Academy began to take shape. In January 1950, the Service Academy Board, headed by Dwight D. Eisenhower, then president of Columbia University, concluded that the needs of the Air Force could not be met by the two existing U.S. service aca ...
See also:United States Air Force Academy, United States Air Force Academy - History, United States Air Force Academy - Establishment, United States Air Force Academy - The Early Years, United States Air Force Academy - Vietnam, United States Air Force Academy - Women at the Academy, United States Air Force Academy - Controversy, United States Air Force Academy - Campus and facilities, United States Air Force Academy - Buildings in the Cadet Area, United States Air Force Academy - Displays and memorials, United States Air Force Academy - Other locations on campus, United States Air Force Academy - The Honor Code and character education, United States Air Force Academy - Military organization and training, United States Air Force Academy - Academics, United States Air Force Academy - Athletics, United States Air Force Academy - Admissions, United States Air Force Academy - Notable graduates, United States Air Force Academy - Sources Read more here: » United States Air Force Academy: Encyclopedia II - United States Air Force Academy - History |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - University of Ottawa - Reputation Today, it is the oldest and largest bilingual university in North America. The University of Ottawa is well ranked by the Financial Times, The Princeton Review, the Gourman Report (Ranked in the top 10 universities in Canada), and other International rankings.
The University of Ottawa's department of neurosciences is ranked 1st in Canada, and 2nd in clinical medicine, in citations per paper (highest impact) from 2000-2004 by Science Watch newsletter, published by Thomson Scientific, which uses university science indicators to examine the research of 46 Canad ...
See also:University of Ottawa, University of Ottawa - Reputation, University of Ottawa - Academics, University of Ottawa - Student life, University of Ottawa - Facts and trivia, University of Ottawa - Alumni and Faculty, University of Ottawa - Senior Officers of the University of Ottawa, University of Ottawa - List of Chancellors, University of Ottawa - List of Presidents, University of Ottawa - External link Read more here: » University of Ottawa: Encyclopedia II - University of Ottawa - Reputation |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Creation-evolution controversy - Conflicts inherent to the controversy While debate on the details of scientific theories are often the most intense parts of the controversy, ultimately the conflict comes down to opposing definitions of all or parts of science, reality, and religion. Accusations of misleading formulations, incorrect or false statements, and inappropriate mixing of ideas are fundamental points of disagreement.
Creation-evolution controversy - Defining evolution.
While most evolutionary biologists believe that life was formed through natural means, evolutionary ...
See also:Creation-evolution controversy, Creation-evolution controversy - Overview of the controversy, Creation-evolution controversy - Common venues for debate, Creation-evolution controversy - Conflicts inherent to the controversy, Creation-evolution controversy - Defining evolution, Creation-evolution controversy - False dichotomy, Creation-evolution controversy - Conflation of science and religion, Creation-evolution controversy - Accusations involving science, Creation-evolution controversy - Theory vs. Fact, Creation-evolution controversy - Evidence against evolution, Creation-evolution controversy - Accusations of bias, Creation-evolution controversy - Religion and Historical Scientists, Creation-evolution controversy - Quote mining, Creation-evolution controversy - Noteworthy participants in the controversy, Creation-evolution controversy - Creationists, Creation-evolution controversy - Their opposition, Creation-evolution controversy - Ramifications of the controversy, Creation-evolution controversy - Public education in the United States, Creation-evolution controversy - Surveys of views in the United States, Creation-evolution controversy - Survey of views in German speaking countries, Creation-evolution controversy - Controversy in education world-wide, Creation-evolution controversy - History, Creation-evolution controversy - Footnotes Read more here: » Creation-evolution controversy: Encyclopedia II - Creation-evolution controversy - Conflicts inherent to the controversy |
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| | | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Aldous Huxley - Biography
Aldous Huxley - Early years.
Huxley was born in Godalming, Surrey, England. He was the son of the writer Leonard Huxley by his first wife, Julia Arnold; and grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, one of the most important naturalists of the 19th Century, a man known as "Darwin's Bulldog." His brother Julian Huxley was a biologist also noted for his evolutionary theories. Huxley understandably excelled in the areas he took up professionally, for on his father's side were a number of noted men of science, while on his mothe ...
See also:Aldous Huxley, Aldous Huxley - Biography, Aldous Huxley - Early years, Aldous Huxley - Middle years, Aldous Huxley - Later years, Aldous Huxley - Death and afterwards, Aldous Huxley - Films, Aldous Huxley - Selected works, Aldous Huxley - Novels, Aldous Huxley - Short stories, Aldous Huxley - Poetry, Aldous Huxley - Travel writing, Aldous Huxley - Essays, Aldous Huxley - Philosophy, Aldous Huxley - Biography, Aldous Huxley - Children's literature, Aldous Huxley - Collections, Aldous Huxley - Quotes, Aldous Huxley - Trivia Read more here: » Aldous Huxley: Encyclopedia II - Aldous Huxley - Biography |
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| | | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Tulane University - History The University dates from 1834 as the Medical College of Louisiana. With the addition of a law department, it became The University of Louisiana in 1847, a public university. 1851, saw the establishment of an Academic Department, the forerunner of the College of Arts and Sciences.
It closed during the Civil War; after reopening, it went through a period of financial challenges. Paul Tulane donated extensive real estate within New Orleans for the support of education; this donation led to the establishment of a Tulane Edu ...
See also:Tulane University, Tulane University - Campuses, Tulane University - Statistics, Tulane University - History, Tulane University - Effects of Hurricane Katrina, Tulane University - Athletics, Tulane University - Football, Tulane University - Men's basketball, Tulane University - Baseball, Tulane University - Athletics reform, Tulane University - Alma Maters, Tulane University - Tulane Alma Mater, Tulane University - Newcomb Alma Mater, Tulane University - Fan traditions, Tulane University - Official fight song: The Olive and the Blue, Tulane University - Unofficial Tulane fight song, Tulane University - Official cheer: The Hullabaloo, Tulane University - Logo and mascot Read more here: » Tulane University: Encyclopedia II - Tulane University - History |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Theory - Science In scientific usage, a theory does not mean an unsubstantiated guess or hunch, as it often does in other contexts. Scientific theories are never proven to be true, but can be disproven. All scientific understanding takes the form of hypotheses, or conjectures. A theory is in this context a set of hypotheses that are logically bound together (See also hypothetico-deductive method).
Theories are typically ways of explaining why things happen, often, but not always after their occurrence is no longer in scientific di ...
See also:Theory, Theory - Etymology, Theory - Science, Theory - Models, Theory - Types of theories, Theory - Further explanation of a scientific theory, Theory - Characteristics, Theory - Mathematics, Theory - Other fields, Theory - List of famous theories, Theory - Reference Read more here: » Theory: Encyclopedia II - Theory - Science |
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| | | | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Tulane University - History The University dates from 1834 as the Medical College of Louisiana. With the addition of a law department, it became The University of Louisiana in 1847, a public university. 1851, saw the establishment of an Academic Department, the forerunner of the College of Arts and Sciences.
It closed during the Civil War; after reopening, it went through a period of financial challenges. Paul Tulane donated extensive real estate within New Orleans for the support of education; this donation led to the establishment of a Tulane Edu ...
See also:Tulane University, Tulane University - Campuses, Tulane University - Statistics, Tulane University - History, Tulane University - Effects of Hurricane Katrina, Tulane University - December Cuts, Tulane University - Athletics, Tulane University - Football, Tulane University - Men's basketball, Tulane University - Baseball, Tulane University - Athletics reform, Tulane University - Alma Maters, Tulane University - Tulane Alma Mater, Tulane University - Newcomb Alma Mater, Tulane University - Fan traditions, Tulane University - Official fight song: The Olive and the Blue, Tulane University - Unofficial Tulane fight song, Tulane University - Official cheer: The Hullabaloo, Tulane University - Logo and mascot Read more here: » Tulane University: Encyclopedia II - Tulane University - History |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - University of Cambridge - General information The thirty-one colleges of the university are technically institutions independent of the university itself and enjoy considerable autonomy. For example, colleges decide which students they are to admit, and appoint their own fellows (senior members). They are responsible for the domestic arrangements and welfare of students and for small group teaching, referred to at the university as supervisions. In Cambridge, "the uni ...
See also:University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge - General information, University of Cambridge - History, University of Cambridge - Research and Teaching, University of Cambridge - Admission, University of Cambridge - Sports and recreation, University of Cambridge - Myths and legends, University of Cambridge - Miscellaneous, University of Cambridge - Colleges, University of Cambridge - Cambridge University in literature & popular culture, University of Cambridge - Fiction, University of Cambridge - Non-fiction, University of Cambridge - Selected alumni, University of Cambridge - University activities, University of Cambridge - History and traditions, University of Cambridge - Societies and leisure activities, University of Cambridge - Organisations and institutions associated with the university Read more here: » University of Cambridge: Encyclopedia II - University of Cambridge - General information |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Art school - Art schools in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, an indefinite number of such institutions exist, differing in size, number and administration.
Perhaps those generally felt most applicable to the definition of 'art school', however, are the autonomous Colleges or Schools of Art offering courses across both further and higher education boundaries, of which there are approximately eighteen, under the banner of United Kingdom Art & Design Institutions Association. Others, whose existence ties in indelibly with that of larger, non-discipline-specific universit ...
See also:Art school, Art school - Art schools in the United Kingdom Read more here: » Art school: Encyclopedia II - Art school - Art schools in the United Kingdom |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Archaeology - Public archaeology Early archaeology was largely an attempt to uncover spectacular artifacts and features, or to explore vast and mysterious abandoned cities. Such pursuits continue to fascinate the public, portrayed in books (such as King Solomon's Mines) and films (such as The Mummy and Raiders of the Lost Ark).
Much thorough and productive research has indeed been conducted in dramatic locales such as Copán and the Valley of the Kings, but the stuff of modern archaeology is not so reliably sensational. In addition, archaeologica ...
See also:Archaeology, Archaeology - Usage note, Archaeology - Ontology and definition, Archaeology - Importance and applicability, Archaeology - Goals, Archaeology - Academic sub-disciplines, Archaeology - Cultural resources management, Archaeology - Field methods, Archaeology - Survey, Archaeology - Excavation, Archaeology - Post-excavation analysis, Archaeology - History of archaeology, Archaeology - Archaeological theory, Archaeology - Public archaeology, Archaeology - Pseudoarchaeology, Archaeology - Looting, Archaeology - Public outreach, Archaeology - Descendant peoples Read more here: » Archaeology: Encyclopedia II - Archaeology - Public archaeology |
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| | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Constant - Specified constants Of course, some constants have special symbols, because they are specified, such as 1 or π.
A special case of this may be found in physics, chemistry, and related fields, where certain features of the natural world that are described by numbers are found to have the same value at all times and places.
For example, in Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity, we have the formula
E=mc².
Here, the letter c stands for the speed of light in a vacuum, which is the same in all ph ...
See also:Constant, Constant - Unspecified constants, Constant - Specified constants, Constant - Constant term, Constant - Constants vs variables Read more here: » Constant: Encyclopedia II - Constant - Specified constants |
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| | | | | | sciences: Encyclopedia II - Calculus - Differential calculus The derivative measures the sensitivity of one variable to small changes in another variable. Consider the formula:
for an object moving at constant speed. The speed of a car, as measured by the speedometer, is the derivative of the car's distance traveled, as measured by the odometer, as a function of time. Calculus is a mathematical tool for dealing with this complex but natural and familiar situation.
Differential calculus can be used to determine the instantaneous speed at any given instant, while the f ...
See also:Calculus, Calculus - Differential calculus, Calculus - Integral calculus, Calculus - Foundations, Calculus - Fundamental theorem of calculus, Calculus - Applications, Calculus - History, Calculus - Footnotes Read more here: » Calculus: Encyclopedia II - Calculus - Differential calculus |
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