Samba is one of the most famous of the various forms of music arising from African roots in Brazil. The name samba most probably comes from the Angolan semba (mesemba) - a religious rhythm. Samba developed as a distinctive kind of music at the beginning of the 20th century in Rio de Janeiro (then the capital of Brazil) under the strong influence of immigrant black people from Bahia. Samba - History. "Pelo Telefone" (1917), by Donga and Mauro Almeida, is generally considered the f ...

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• Samba - History

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Samba or Samba (Sanskrit) The reputed son of Krishna by Jambavati. According to esoteric tradition Krishna had no son; therefore Samba is symbolic of some power attained by Krishna. Through a curse of some holy sages, Samba was condemned to produce offspring in the shape of a terrific iron club for the destruction of the race of Yadu. Samba accordingly brought forth as iron club which was pounded and cast into the sea. But one piece which could not be crushed was subsequently found in the belly of a fish, and was used to tip an arrow used by the hunter Jaras (old age) to unintentionally kill Krishna. Thus old age finally overtakes and gathers in all things; and our future karma flows forth from our emotional and mental offspring, and sooner or later overtakes us all through time or old age. The iron club may represent the blows of destiny, based upon the kama of which iron is often a symbol; we may attempt to destroy the effects of our feelings and thoughts, but always there will be one little portion which cannot be crushed, and which is the seed of the future destiny, at least of our lower self.

(See also: Samba, Samba, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary)

Samba

One of Krishna’s favorite sons, the first son of Jambavati.

(See also: Samba, Bhakti, Bhakti Yoga, Bhakti Dictionary, Body Mind and Soul)

The Upa-Puranas : The eighteen Upa-Puranas are: Sanatkumara, Narasimha, Brihannaradiya, Sivarahasya, Durvasa, Kapila, Vamana, Bhargava, Varuna, Kalika, Samba, Nandi, Surya, Parasara, Vasishtha, Devi-Bhagavata, Ganesa and Hamsa.

Excerpt from All About Hinduism by Sri Swami Sivananda

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"Pelo Telefone" (1917), by Donga and Mauro Almeida, is generally considered the first samba recording. Its great success carried the new genre outside the black ghettos. Who created the music is uncertain, but it was most probably the work of the group around Tia Ciata, among them Pixinguinha and João da Bahiana. In the 1930s, a group of musicians led by Ismael Silva founded in the neighbourhood of Estácio de Sá the first Samba School, Deixa Falar. They transformed the musical genre to make it fit better the carnival parade. ...

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Samba, Samba - History

Read more here: » Samba: Encyclopedia II - Samba - History

Bossa nova is a style of Brazilian music invented in the late 1950s by a group of middle-class students and musicians living in the Copacabana and Ipanema beachside districts of Rio de Janeiro. The name could be translated as "the new beat" or "the new way". In Brazil, it became well known through the record "Chega de Saudade", performed by João Gilberto and composed by Antonio Carlos Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes. The record was released in 1958. Bossa nova - Origins and history. The music derives from the ...

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• Bossa nova - Origins and history
• Bossa nova - Instruments
• Bossa nova - Structure
• Bossa nova - Origin of the term bossa nova
• Bossa nova - List of bossa nova artists
• Bossa nova - Other artists associated with bossa nova

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An Agogô is a multiple bell used in samba baterías (percussion ensembles). It is also used in the ceremonial music of those religions in the new world which are based on beliefs brought by slaves from Africa such as candomblé. It may be the oldest samba instrument and was based on West African cow-bells. It is made of metal with each bell a different size. This allows a differently pitched note to be produced depending on which bell has been hit. The most common arrangement is two bells attached by a U shaped piece of ...

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• Agogô - Links
• Agogô - References

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Clara Nunes is a popular samba artist in Brazil. This text was taken from [[1]] Together with Beth Carvalho and Alcione, Clara Nunes, in life, was regarded as one of the three Queens of Samba. She was in life, and still remains, an enormously influential Brazilian artist. Many of her songs are devoted to her religion, the Candomblé. She recorded 16 solo albums and had numerous hits. An orphan since childhood, Clara Nunes worked as a manual laborer at a factory. She experienced difficulties and poverty. In 1960, she won the Minas Gerais section of the national contest A Voz de Ouro ABC and was cl ...

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Cuíca is a Brazilian friction drum often used in samba music. The body of the cuíca is normally made of metal. It has a single head, normally six to ten inches in diameter, made of animal skin. A thin bamboo stick is attached to the centre of, and perpendicular to, the drum head, stretching into the drum's interior. The instrument is held under one arm at chest height with the help of a shoulder strap. To play the cuíca, the musician rubs the stick up and down with a wet cloth held in one hand, using the thumb of the other h ...

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Brave Combo is a polka/rock band based in Denton, Texas. Founded in 1979 by guitarist/keyboardist/accordionist Carl Finch, they have been a prominent fixture in the Texas music scene for over twenty years. They won a Grammy award in 1999 in the Polka album category for their album Polkasonic, and again in 2005 for their album Let's Kiss. Their music, both originals and covers, incorporates a number of dance styles, mostly polka, but also rhumba, cha-cha-cha, choro, samba, two-step, cumbia, charanga, merengue, etc. As par ...

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• Brave Combo - Media appearances
• Brave Combo - Discography

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Chiclets are a brand of candy coated chewing gum made by Cadbury Adams. The product's name is derived from chicle (Nahuatl tziktli), the substance from which chewing gum was traditionally made. The original flavor was peppermint, but new flavors "Strawberry Breeze" and "Citrus Samba" are now available. Assorted fruit flavor and spearmint Chiclets are also sold. The plain white coloring and rectangular shape of Chiclets has led to the use of the word as slang for teeth. To give someone a "mouthful of chiclets" is to punch ...

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Astrud Gilberto (b. March 29, 1940) is a Brazilian-born singer best known for her samba and bossa nova music. Astrud was born Astrud Winert from a Brazilian mother and a German father in the state of Bahia, and grew up in Rio de Janeiro. Astrud married João Gilberto in 1959, and they moved to the United States in 1963, when she performed on the influential Getz/Gilberto album with João Gilberto, Stan Getz and Antonio Carlos Jobim. Astrud had never performed professionally before, and joined the recordings by insisten ...

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• Astrud Gilberto - Discography
• Astrud Gilberto - Albums
• Astrud Gilberto - Soundtracks
• Astrud Gilberto - Other albums featuring Astrud Gilberto

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Carmen Miranda (b. February 9, 1909, Marco de Canaveses, Portugal; d. August 5, 1955 Hollywood, California, USA from untreated toxemia, later called pre-eclampsia, and heart failure stemming from pregnancy), born Maria do Carmo Miranda da Cunha, was a Portuguese-Brazilian samba singer and motion picture star. Carmen Miranda - Life and career. Miranda reached her peak point of fame in the early 1940s. She arrived in the United States in 1939 and had become the country's highest-paid entertainer by 194 ...

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• Carmen Miranda - Life and career
• Carmen Miranda - Hollywood tribute
• Carmen Miranda - Filmography

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Axé music is a style of popular music which originated in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The word comes from a ritual greeting that means good vibration and is used in the Candomblé and Umbanda religions. The term axé began life as an insult, intended to point out the perceived pretentiousness of the genre. It was applied vaguely, however, and anything recorded in Salvador was nicknamed axé. Starting in about 1992 and peaking in 1998, axé became one of the ...

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The Brazilian Carnival (spelled Carnaval in Portuguese) is an annual celebration held forty days before Easter (marking the start of Lent), in Brazil. "Carnival" literally means "to put away the meat" it's root word being "carn" which means meat. It has some differences from its counterparts in Europe, as well there being variations across the large Brazilian territory. The Brazilian Carnival is known in Brazil simply as carnaval Despite the Catholic inspiration, Brazilian Carnival is celebrated more as a profane ...

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Antonio Carlos Jobim (born Antonio Carlos Brasileiro de Almeida Jobim, January 25, 1927 in Rio de Janeiro – December 8, 1994 in New York City), also called Tom Jobim, was a Brazilian composer, arranger, singer, pianist and perhaps the greatest legend of bossa nova. Jobim's compositions, many performed by João Gilberto, gave birth to the genre in the early 1960s. Jobim's roots were planted firmly in the works of Pixinguinha, a legendary musician and composer that started in the 1930s the development of modern Brazilian music. He was also influenced by the music o ...

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• Antonio Carlos Jobim - Selected compositions

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The ballroom Samba is danced to music in 2/4 or 4/4 time. The basic movements are counted either 1,2 or 1 a 2, and are danced with a slight downward bouncing or dropping action. This action is created through the bending and straightening of the knees, with bending occuring on the beats of 1 and 2, and the straightening occuring on the "a". As a ballroom dance, the samba is a partner dance, meaning that two dancers dance as a couple connected (for example in the normal partner dance position where the leading man's left hand is held u ...

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Samba dance, Samba dance - Ballroom Samba, Samba dance - Brazilian Samba

Read more here: » Samba dance: Encyclopedia II - Samba dance - Ballroom Samba

Brazilian samba is a dance that is most often danced impromptu when samba music is played. The basic movement involves a straight body and a bending of one knee at a time. The feet move very slightly - only a few inches at a time. The rhythm is 2/4, with 3 steps per measure. It can be described calling it and-a-one, and-a-two, then back to one. The basic movement is the same to either side, where one foot moves to the outside lifting up just before the first beat, lifting on the "and-a" and replacing itself ont he floor on the one beat (i.e. ...

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Samba dance, Samba dance - Ballroom Samba, Samba dance - Brazilian Samba

Read more here: » Samba dance: Encyclopedia II - Samba dance - Brazilian Samba

The name samba comes from inserting two vowels into the name of the standard protocol used by the Microsoft Windows network file system, "SMB" (server message block). Samba was originally called smbserver but the name was changed because of a trademark notice from the company "Syntax" who sold a product named TotalNet advanced Server, and also owned the trademark for SMBserver. The name "Samba" was arrived at by running the Unix command grep through the system dictionary looking for words that contained the letters S, M, and B in ...

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Samba software, Samba software - Name origins, Samba software - Relations, Samba software - Related software

Read more here: » Samba software: Encyclopedia II - Samba software - Name origins

Music of Brazil - Samba. Main article: Samba By the beginning of the 20th century, samba had begun to evolve out of choro in Rio de Janeiro's neighborhood, inhabited mostly by poor blacks descended from slaves. Samba's popularity grew through the 20th century, especially internationally, as awareness of samba de enredo (a type of samba played during Carnival) has grown. Other types of samba include: Samba de breque - reggaeish and choppy Samba-canção - typical variety of nightclubs. Samba pagode - modern popular variety.

See also:

Music of Brazil, Music of Brazil - Brazilian music history, Music of Brazil - Colonial music, Music of Brazil - Independent Brazil, Music of Brazil - Classical music, Music of Brazil - Folk music, Music of Brazil - Indigenous music, Music of Brazil - Eastern Amazônia, Music of Brazil - Popular music, Music of Brazil - Música Popular Brasileira, Music of Brazil - Choro, Music of Brazil - Bossa nova, Music of Brazil - Tropicalia, Music of Brazil - Música nordestina, Music of Brazil - Repentismo, Music of Brazil - Frevo, Music of Brazil - Forró, Music of Brazil - Rock, Music of Brazil - Heavy Metal, Music of Brazil - Afro Brazilian music, Music of Brazil - Samba, Music of Brazil - Capoeira music, Music of Brazil - Maracatu, Music of Brazil - Afoxê, Music of Brazil - Samba-reggae, Music of Brazil - Music of Salvador: Late 60s to mid-70s, Music of Brazil - Other Afro-Brazilian music genres

Read more here: » Music of Brazil: Encyclopedia II - Music of Brazil - Afro Brazilian music