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Russian space dogs | A Wisdom Archive on Russian space dogs | | Russian space dogs A selection of articles related to Russian space dogs | |
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Russian space dogs | | | |  Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Russian space dogs - Orbital Flights
Russian space dogs - Laika.
Main article: Laika
Laika (Лайка, "Barker"), originally named Kudryavka (Кудрявка, "Little Curly") became the first living Earth-born creature in orbit aboard Sputnik II on November 3, 1957. Some call her the first living passenger to go into space, but others claim sub-orbital flights passed the edge of space first. She was also known as Zhuchka (Жучка, "Little Bug") and Limonchik (Лимончик, "Lemon"). The American media dubbed her "Muttni ...
See also:Russian space dogs, Russian space dogs - Training, Russian space dogs - Sub-orbital flights, Russian space dogs - Dezik Tsygan and Lisa, Russian space dogs - Lysa and Ryjik, Russian space dogs - Smelaya and Malyshka, Russian space dogs - Bolik and ZIB, Russian space dogs - Otvazhnaya and Snezhinka, Russian space dogs - Albina and Tsyganka, Russian space dogs - Damka and Krasavka, Russian space dogs - Orbital Flights, Russian space dogs - Laika, Russian space dogs - Bars and Lisichka, Russian space dogs - Belka and Strelka, Russian space dogs - Pchelka and Mushka, Russian space dogs - Chernushka, Russian space dogs - Zvezdochka, Russian space dogs - Veterok and Ugolyok Read more here: » Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Russian space dogs - Orbital Flights |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Monkeys in space - United States The first monkey astronaut was Albert, a rhesus monkey, who on June 11, 1948 rode to over 63 km (39 miles) on a V2 rocket. Albert died of suffocation during the flight.
Albert was followed by Albert II who survived the V2 flight but died on impact on June 14, 1949. Albert II became the first monkey in space as his flight reached 134 km (83 miles). Albert III died at 35,000 feet (10.7 km) in an explosion of his V2 on September 16, 1949. Albert IV on the last monkey V2 flight died on impact on December 8 that year. Albert II and Albert IV were rhesus ...
See also:Monkeys in space, Monkeys in space - United States, Monkeys in space - France, Monkeys in space - Soviet Union/Russia, Monkeys in space - External link Read more here: » Monkeys in space: Encyclopedia II - Monkeys in space - United States |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Laika - Sputnik 2 Main article: Sputnik 2
After the success of Sputnik 1, Nikita Khrushchev, the Soviet leader, wanted a second spacecraft launched on November 7, the 40th anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution. There was a much more sophisticated satellite already under construction, but it would not be ready until December. This satellite would later become Sputnik 3.
In order to meet the November deadline, a new, less sophisticated design had to be built. According to Russian sources, the official decision to launch Sputnik 2 was made ...
See also:Laika, Laika - Sputnik 2, Laika - Laika's voyage, Laika - Controversy, Laika - Laika in Popular Culture, Laika - Literature, Laika - Music, Laika - Cinema and TV Read more here: » Laika: Encyclopedia II - Laika - Sputnik 2 |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Laika - Controversy Sputnik 2 was not designed to be retrievable, so Laika was doomed to die from the beginning. It sparked a debate across the globe on the mistreatment of animals and animal testing to advance science. The mission was viewed by many, including some Soviet citizens, as a propaganda stunt.
In the United Kingdom, the National Canine Defence League (now called Dogs Trust) called on all dog owners to observe a minute's silence, while the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) received protests even before the Soviet U ...
See also:Laika, Laika - Sputnik 2, Laika - Laika's voyage, Laika - Controversy, Laika - Laika in Popular Culture, Laika - Literature, Laika - Music, Laika - Cinema and TV Read more here: » Laika: Encyclopedia II - Laika - Controversy |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Monkeys in space - Soviet Union/Russia The Soviet/Russian space program in the Bion program satellites used only the rhesus species.
The first Soviet monkeys, Abrek and Bion, flew on Bion 6. They were aloft from December 14, 1983 - December 20, 1983.
Next came Bion 7 with monkeys Verny and Gordy from July 10, 1985 - July 17, 1985. Then Drema and Yerosha on Bion 8 from September 29, 1987 - October 12, 1987.
Bion 9 with monkeys Zhakonya and Zabiyaka followed from September 15, 1989 to September 28, 1989. They hold the monkey in space endurance record at 13 days ...
See also:Monkeys in space, Monkeys in space - United States, Monkeys in space - France, Monkeys in space - Soviet Union/Russia, Monkeys in space - External link Read more here: » Monkeys in space: Encyclopedia II - Monkeys in space - Soviet Union/Russia |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1950s On August 31, 1950 the U.S. launched a mouse into space (137 km) aboard a V2 (the Albert V flight which unlike the Albert I-IV flights did not have a monkey). The U.S. launched several other mice in this decade but the first mouse was the only one which survived.
On January 29, 1951, the Soviet Union launched the R-1 IIIA-1 flight, carrying the dogs Zhegan and Dezik into space (but not into orbit). The U.S. launched mice aboard spacecraft later that year; however, they failed t ...
See also:Animals in space, Animals in space - 1940s, Animals in space - 1950s, Animals in space - 1960s, Animals in space - 1970s, Animals in space - 1980s, Animals in space - 1990s, Animals in space - 2000s, Animals in space - External link Read more here: » Animals in space: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1950s |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Dog - Behavior All dogs have a tremendous capacity to learn complex social behavior and to interpret varied body language and sounds, and, like many predators, can react to and learn from novel situations. The requirements of coordinating complex social behavior requires that canines have the ability to sense and deliver a wide variety of cues via body language, more so than for even humans, who can use language for the same purpose. Physiologically, this correlates with such features as a large number of nerves innervating the facial muscles of dogs, allo ...
See also:Dog, Dog - Terminology, Dog - Physical characteristics, Dog - Intelligence, Dog - Diet, Dog - Treats, Dog - Dangerous substances, Dog - Reproduction, Dog - Fertility, Dog - Menarche, Dog - Pregnancy and litters, Dog - Spaying and neutering, Dog - Attributes, Dog - Sight, Dog - Hearing, Dog - Scenting, Dog - Direction and spatial sense, Dog - Weather detection, Dog - Diseases and ailments, Dog - Diseases, Dog - Parasites, Dog - Common Physical Disorders, Dog - Behavior, Dog - Interactions between Dogs and Humans, Dog - Dogs as working partners, Dog - Dogs as hunting and sporting partners, Dog - Dogs as pets, Dog - Dogs as food, Dog - Attacks on humans and livestock, Dog - Abandoned dogs, Dog - Ancestry and history of domestication, Dog - Wolf ancestors, Dog - Speed of domestication, Dog - Dog breeds, Dog - Neoteny in the rapid evolution of diverse dog breeds, Dog - References and further reading, Dog - References Read more here: » Dog: Encyclopedia II - Dog - Behavior |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Space exploration - Space agencies
Space exploration - Argentinian Space Agency.
The Argentina Space Agency, founded in 1996 is oriented to the development of Earth Observing satellites. It has developed several satellite missions including SAC-A, the failed mission SAC-B and the currently operating SAC-C
Space exploration - Brazilian Space Agency.
The Brazilian Space Agency, founded in 1994, directs one of the youngest space programs. Brazil's space program is the most advanced in South America. It suffered a m ...
See also:Space exploration, Space exploration - Orbiting and reaching space, Space exploration - Space agencies, Space exploration - Argentinian Space Agency, Space exploration - Brazilian Space Agency, Space exploration - Canadian Space Agency, Space exploration - China National Space Administration, Space exploration - European Space Agency, Space exploration - Federal Space Agency of Russian Federation, Space exploration - Indian Space Research Organisation, Space exploration - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Space exploration - National Aeronautics and Space Administration United States, Space exploration - National Space Agency of Ukraine, Space exploration - Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission Pakistan, Space exploration - Criticisms, Space exploration - Timeline of space exploration, Space exploration - 1957-1975, Space exploration - post-1975, Space exploration - Reusable spacecraft, Space exploration - Unmanned missions, Space exploration - Animals in space, Space exploration - Humans in space, Space exploration - Recent and future developments, Space exploration - Other, Space exploration - External link Read more here: » Space exploration: Encyclopedia II - Space exploration - Space agencies |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Space exploration - Reusable spacecraft The first reusable spacecraft, the Space Shuttle, was launched by the USA on the 20th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin's flight, on April 12, 1981. During the Shuttle era, six orbiters were built, all of which have flown in the atmosphere and five of which have flown in space. The Enterprise was used only for approach and landing tests, launching from the back of a Boeing 747 and gliding to deadstick landings at Edwards AFB, California. The first Space Shuttle to fly into space was the Columbia, followed by the Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, an ...
See also:Space exploration, Space exploration - Orbiting and reaching space, Space exploration - Space agencies, Space exploration - Argentinian Space Agency, Space exploration - Brazilian Space Agency, Space exploration - Canadian Space Agency, Space exploration - China National Space Administration, Space exploration - European Space Agency, Space exploration - Federal Space Agency of Russian Federation, Space exploration - Indian Space Research Organisation, Space exploration - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Space exploration - National Aeronautics and Space Administration United States, Space exploration - National Space Agency of Ukraine, Space exploration - Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission Pakistan, Space exploration - Criticisms, Space exploration - Timeline of space exploration, Space exploration - 1957-1975, Space exploration - post-1975, Space exploration - Reusable spacecraft, Space exploration - Unmanned missions, Space exploration - Animals in space, Space exploration - Humans in space, Space exploration - Recent and future developments, Space exploration - Other, Space exploration - External link Read more here: » Space exploration: Encyclopedia II - Space exploration - Reusable spacecraft |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1940s The first animals intentionally sent into space were fruit flies which were sent along with corn seeds aboard a U.S.-launched V2 rocket in mid July, 1946. The purpose of the experiment was to explore the effects of radiation exposure at high altitudes. Some further V2 missions carried biological samples including moss.
Albert II in a U.S. launched V2 became the first monkey in space on June 14, 1949 (after the failure of the original Albert's mission). Albert II died on impact after a parachute failure. Numerous monkeys of several spe ...
See also:Animals in space, Animals in space - 1940s, Animals in space - 1950s, Animals in space - 1960s, Animals in space - 1970s, Animals in space - 1980s, Animals in space - 1990s, Animals in space - 2000s, Animals in space - External link Read more here: » Animals in space: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1940s |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 2000s The last flight of Space Shuttle Columbia in 2003 carried silkworms, golden orb spiders, carpenter bees, harvester ants, and Japanese killifish. Nematodes (C. elegans) from one experiment were found still alive in the debris after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster
C. elegans are also part of experiments aboard the International Space Station as well as research using quail eggs.
Earlier shuttle missions included grade school, junior high and high school projects; some of these included ants, stick insect eggs and brine shrimp cysts. Other science missi ...
See also:Animals in space, Animals in space - 1940s, Animals in space - 1950s, Animals in space - 1960s, Animals in space - 1970s, Animals in space - 1980s, Animals in space - 1990s, Animals in space - 2000s, Animals in space - External link Read more here: » Animals in space: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 2000s |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Space exploration - Timeline of space exploration
Space exploration - 1957-1975.
1Project Vanguard was transferred from the NRL to NASA immediately before launch.
2 The Soviet Union had attempted an earlier rendezvous on August 12, 1962; However, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 were only within five kilometers of one another, and were in different orbital planes. Pravda, however, did not mention this information and indicated that rendezvous had been accomp ...
See also:Space exploration, Space exploration - Orbiting and reaching space, Space exploration - Space agencies, Space exploration - Argentinian Space Agency, Space exploration - Brazilian Space Agency, Space exploration - Canadian Space Agency, Space exploration - China National Space Administration, Space exploration - European Space Agency, Space exploration - Federal Space Agency of Russian Federation, Space exploration - Indian Space Research Organisation, Space exploration - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Space exploration - National Aeronautics and Space Administration United States, Space exploration - National Space Agency of Ukraine, Space exploration - Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission Pakistan, Space exploration - Criticisms, Space exploration - Timeline of space exploration, Space exploration - 1957-1975, Space exploration - post-1975, Space exploration - Reusable spacecraft, Space exploration - Unmanned missions, Space exploration - Animals in space, Space exploration - Humans in space, Space exploration - Recent and future developments, Space exploration - Other, Space exploration - External link Read more here: » Space exploration: Encyclopedia II - Space exploration - Timeline of space exploration |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1990s Four monkeys flew aboard the last Bion flights of the Soviet Union as well as frogs and fruit flies. The Foton program flights carried dormant brine shrimp, newts, fruit flies, and desert beetles.
China launched guinea dogs in 1990.
Toyohiro Akiyama, a Japanese journalist carried Japanese tree frogs with him during his trip to the Mir space station in December, 1990. Other biological experiments aboard Mir involved quail eggs.
Japan launched its first animals into s ...
See also:Animals in space, Animals in space - 1940s, Animals in space - 1950s, Animals in space - 1960s, Animals in space - 1970s, Animals in space - 1980s, Animals in space - 1990s, Animals in space - 2000s, Animals in space - External link Read more here: » Animals in space: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1990s |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1970s Two bullfrogs were launched on a one way mission on the Orbiting Frog Otolith satellite on November 9, 1970 to better understand space motion sickness.
Apollo 16 on April 16, 1972 carried nematodes and Apollo 17, launched on December 7, 1972 carried five pocket mice, although one died on the circumlunar trip. Skylab 3 carried pocket mice and the first fish in space (mummichog), and the first spiders in space, cross spiders. The U.S. also f ...
See also:Animals in space, Animals in space - 1940s, Animals in space - 1950s, Animals in space - 1960s, Animals in space - 1970s, Animals in space - 1980s, Animals in space - 1990s, Animals in space - 2000s, Animals in space - External link Read more here: » Animals in space: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1970s |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1960s On January 31, 1961, Ham the chimp was launched in a Mercury capsule aboard a Redstone rocket. His mission was Mercury-Redstone 2. The chimp had been trained to pull levers to receive rewards of banana pellets and avoid painful electric shocks.[1] His flight demonstrated the ability to perform tasks during spaceflight. A little over 3 months later the United States sent Alan Shepard into space. Enos the chimp became the first non-human primate in orbit on November 29, 1961 in another Mercury capsule, this ...
See also:Animals in space, Animals in space - 1940s, Animals in space - 1950s, Animals in space - 1960s, Animals in space - 1970s, Animals in space - 1980s, Animals in space - 1990s, Animals in space - 2000s, Animals in space - External link Read more here: » Animals in space: Encyclopedia II - Animals in space - 1960s |
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| | | | Russian space dogs: Encyclopedia II - Dog - Dog breeds There are numerous dog breeds, over 800 being recognized by various kennel clubs worldwide. As all dog breeds have been derived from mixed-breed dog populations, the term "purebred" has meaning only with respect to a certain number of generations. Many dogs, especially outside the United States and Western Europe, belong to no recognized breed.
A few basic breed types have evolved gradually during the domesticated dog's relationship with man over the last 10,000 or more years, but most modern breeds are of relatively recent derivation ...
See also:Dog, Dog - Terminology, Dog - Physical characteristics, Dog - Intelligence, Dog - Diet, Dog - Treats, Dog - Dangerous substances, Dog - Reproduction, Dog - Fertility, Dog - Menarche, Dog - Pregnancy and litters, Dog - Spaying and neutering, Dog - Attributes, Dog - Sight, Dog - Hearing, Dog - Scenting, Dog - Direction and spatial sense, Dog - Weather detection, Dog - Diseases and ailments, Dog - Diseases, Dog - Parasites, Dog - Common Physical Disorders, Dog - Behavior, Dog - Interactions between Dogs and Humans, Dog - Dogs as working partners, Dog - Dogs as hunting and sporting partners, Dog - Dogs as pets, Dog - Dogs as food, Dog - Attacks on humans and livestock, Dog - Abandoned dogs, Dog - Ancestry and history of domestication, Dog - Wolf ancestors, Dog - Speed of domestication, Dog - Dog breeds, Dog - Neoteny in the rapid evolution of diverse dog breeds, Dog - References and further reading, Dog - References Read more here: » Dog: Encyclopedia II - Dog - Dog breeds |
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