Roman or Romans may refer to: History Ancient Rome Roman Kingdom (753 BC to 509 BC) Roman Republic (509 BC to 44 BC) Roman Empire (44 BC to AD 476) Roman citizen Byzantine Empire (330 to 1453), also known as the Eastern Roman Empire Romioi, a name for the Greeks during and after the Byzantine period Holy Roman Empire (c. 900 ...

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Romanization, Romanization - Methods of romanization, Romanization - Transliteration, Romanization - Transcription, Romanization - Tradeoffs, Romanization - Romanization of specific writing systems, Romanization - Arabic, Romanization - Hebrew, Romanization - Brahmic scripts, Romanization - Chinese, Romanization - Japanese, Romanization - Korean, Romanization - Thai, Romanization - Cyrillic, Romanization - Greek, Romanization - Overview/Summary

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Romanization - Transliteration. If the romanization attempts to transliterate the original script, the guiding principle is a one-to-one mapping of characters in the source language into the target script, with less emphasis on how the result sounds when pronounced according to the reader's language. For example, the Nihon-shiki romanization of Japanese allows the informed reader to reconstruct the original Japanese kana syllables with 100% accuracy, but is not readable without prior study.

Romanization, Romanization - Methods of Romanization, Romanization - Transliteration, Romanization - Transcription, Romanization - Tradeoffs, Romanization - Romanization of specific writing systems, Romanization - Arabic, Romanization - Hebrew, Romanization - Brahmic scripts, Romanization - Chinese, Romanization - Japanese, Romanization - Korean, Romanization - Thai, Romanization - Cyrillic, Romanization - Greek, Romanization - Overview and summary

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Romanization - Arabic. For more detail, see Arabic transliteration The Arabic alphabet is used to write Arabic, Persian, and Urdu. Romanization standards include: Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft (1936): [1] Adopted by the International Convention of Orientalist Scholars in Rome. It is the basis for the very influential Hans Wehr dictionary (ISBN 0879500034). BS 4280 (1968): Developed by the British Standards Institute [2] SATTS (1970s): Developed by US military< ...

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Romanization, Romanization - Methods of romanization, Romanization - Transliteration, Romanization - Transcription, Romanization - Tradeoffs, Romanization - Romanization of specific writing systems, Romanization - Arabic, Romanization - Hebrew, Romanization - Brahmic scripts, Romanization - Chinese, Romanization - Japanese, Romanization - Korean, Romanization - Thai, Romanization - Cyrillic, Romanization - Greek, Romanization - Overview/Summary

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Romanization - Arabic. For more detail, see Arabic transliteration The Arabic alphabet is used to write Arabic, Persian, and Urdu. Romanization standards include: Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft (1936): [1] Adopted by the International Convention of Orientalist Scholars in Rome. It is the basis for the very influential Hans Wehr dictionary (ISBN 0879500034). BS 4280 (1968): Developed by the British Standards Institute [2] SATTS (1970s): Developed by US military< ...

See also:

Romanization, Romanization - Methods of Romanization, Romanization - Transliteration, Romanization - Transcription, Romanization - Tradeoffs, Romanization - Romanization of specific writing systems, Romanization - Arabic, Romanization - Hebrew, Romanization - Brahmic scripts, Romanization - Chinese, Romanization - Japanese, Romanization - Korean, Romanization - Thai, Romanization - Cyrillic, Romanization - Greek, Romanization - Overview and summary

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Several instances of interaction between Buddhism and the Roman world are documented by Classical and early Christian writers. Buddhism and the Roman world - Pandion embassy. Roman historical accounts describe an embassy sent by the "Indian king Pandion (Pandya?), also named Porus," to Caesar Augustus around 13 CE. The embassy was travelling with a diplomatic letter in Greek, and one of its members was a sramana who burned himself alive in Athens to demonstrate his faith. The event made a sensation and was ...

Including:

• Buddhism and the Roman world - Pandion embassy
• Buddhism and the Roman world - Western knowledge of Buddhism
• Buddhism and the Roman world - Buddhism and Gnosticism
• Buddhism and the Roman world - Notes

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This article is about the type of fireworks. For the 1994 album by Elliott Smith, see Roman Candle (album). Roman candles are a type of fireworks, with long, thick paper tubes that contain layers of "stars" and lifting charges. A Roman candle is constructed by the following method: load a layer of bentonite into the tube to close off the end. load a layer of lifting charge. load a pyrotechnic star. cover the assembly with a dusting of black powder. load a layer of delay powder.< ...

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The signa militaria were the Roman military ensigns or standards. The most ancient standard employed by the Romans is said to have been a handful of straw fixed to the top of a spear or pole. Hence the company of soldiers, belonging to it, was called Manipulus. The bundle of hay or fern was soon succeeded by the figures of animals, of which Pliny the Elder (H.N. x.4, s5) enumerates five: the eagle, the wolf, the minotaur (Festus, s.v. Minotaur.), the horse, and the boar. In the second consulship of Marius (104 BC) the fo ...

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Japanese writing Kanji 漢字 Kana 仮名 Hiragana 平仮名 Katakana 片仮名 Uses Furigana 振り仮名 Okurigana 送り仮名 Rōmaji ローマ字 Romanization of Japanese refers to the romanization of Japanese words, which are written in kanji and kana in Japan. Japanese may be romanized for street signs for foreigners, transcription of names, ...

Including:

Romanization of Japanese - History Romanization of Japanese - Modern systems
Romanization of Japanese - Hepburn Romanization of Japanese - Nihon-shiki Romanization of Japanese - Kunrei-shiki Romanization of Japanese - Other variants Romanization of Japanese - JSL
Romanization of Japanese - Non-standard romanization
Romanization of Japanese - Long vowels Romanization of Japanese - Archaic variants Romanization of Japanese - Romanization of Japanese names
Romanization of Japanese - Example words written in each romanization system Romanization of Japanese - Chart of romanizations Romanization of Japanese - Alphabet letter names in Japanese Romanization of Japanese - Kana without romanized forms

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Chinese language    General Chinese    Singapore Mandarin For Standard Mandarin     EFEO     Gwoyeu Romatzyh     Hanyu Pinyin     Latinxua Sinwenz     Lessing-Othmer     Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II     Postal System Pinyin     Tongyong Pinyin     Wad ...

Including:

Yale romanization - Mandarin Yale romanization - Cantonese
Yale romanization - Initials Yale romanization - Finals Yale romanization - Tones Yale romanization - Examples
Yale romanization - Korean Yale romanization - Japanese Yale romanization - External link

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A centurion (Latin: centurio; Greek: hekatontarchos) was a professional officer of the Roman army. In the Roman infantry, centurions commanded a centuria (century) of between 60 and 160 men, depending on force strength and whether or not the unit was part of the First Cohort. In the Roman legions' tactical organization, the centurions ranked above the optios and below the Tribuni Angusticlavii - the aristocratic senior officers of the Equestrian Class, subordinate to the legion commander, the Legatus Leg ...

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Roman Mythology Jupiter Mars Quirinus Divus Julius Divus Augustus Juno Vesta Minerva Mercury Vulcan Ceres Venus Diana Lares Fortuna Aeneas Romulus Numa Early Kings Pontifex Maximus Rex Sacrorum Vestal Virgins Flamen Dialis The F ...

Including:

Roman religion - Early Roman religion Roman religion - Late republic and imperial religion Roman religion - Absorption of other religions Roman religion - Religious festivals Roman religion - Decline of the Roman religion

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Roman Mythology Jupiter Mars Quirinus Divus Julius Divus Augustus Juno Vesta Minerva Mercury Vulcan Ceres Venus Diana Lares Fortuna Aeneas Romulus Numa Early Kings Pontifex Maximus Rex Sacrorum Vestal Virgins Flamen Dialis The ...

Including:

Roman mythology - Nature of early Roman myth
Roman mythology - Early mythology about the gods Roman mythology - Early mythology about Roman history
Roman mythology - Native Roman and Italic gods Roman mythology - Foreign gods Roman mythology - Major Roman deities Roman mythology - Sources

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Roman Catholicism in Bulgaria: Roman Catholicism is the third largest religious congregation in Bulgaria after Eastern Orthodoxy and Islam. In the census of 2001, a total of 43,811 people declared themselves to be Roman Catholics, down from 53,074 in the previous census of 1992 due to a general Europe-wide decline in religious membership. The vast majority of the Catholics in Bulgaria in 2001 were ethnic Bulgarians, although 2,500 of them were Turks and additional 2,000 belonged to a number of other ethnic groups. The Bulgarian Cathol ...

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In Roman mythology, Concordia was the goddess of agreement, understanding, and marital harmony. Her oldest temple was on the Forum Romanum. It was built in 367 BC by Marcus Furius Camillus. The Roman Senate often met there. In art, Concordia was depicted sitting, wearing a long cloak and holding onto a patera (sacrificial bowl) and a cornucopia. Sometimes, she is shown standing between two members of the Royal House shaking hands. Her opposite is Discordia. Categories: Roman mythol ...

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The Epistle to the Romans is one of the epistles, or letters, included in the New Testament canon of the Christian Bible. When it is clear that the Bible is being discussed, it is often referred to as simply "Romans". Romans is one of the seven currently (as of 2004) undisputed letters of Paul and even among the four letters accepted as authentically his (in German scholarship, the Hauptbriefen) by F. C. Baur and the Tübingen School of historical criticism of texts in the 19th century. Epistle to the Romans - His ...

Including:

Epistle to the Romans - History Epistle to the Romans - Purposes of writing Epistle to the Romans - Content
Epistle to the Romans - Assurance of salvation Epistle to the Romans - The gospel transforms believers
Epistle to the Romans - General Characterisation Epistle to the Romans - Protestant treatment of the text Epistle to the Romans - Catholic treatment of the text

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An ala (Latin for wing) is a cavalry unit of the ancient Roman auxiliary forces from the 1st century up to the 4th century AD. Alae were the highest ranked auxilia units. Commanded by a praefectus of equestrian rank, the ala quingenaria had 512 enlisted soldiers organized in 16 turmae with 32 men commanded by a decurio. Larger units called an ala miliaria existed with about 1000 soldiers in 24 turmae with 42 men. These were very rare elite units, only 7 of them e ...

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History of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth The Apostles Ecumenical councils Great Schism The Crusades Reformation The Trinity God the Father Christ the Son The Holy Spirit The Bible Old Testament New Testament Apocrypha The Gospels Ten Commandments Sermon on the Mount Christian theology Salvation · Grace Christian worship Christian Church Catholicism Orthodox Christianity Protestantism Christian denominatio ...

Including:

Roman Catholic Church - Overview Roman Catholic Church - Terminology Roman Catholic Church - Beliefs
Roman Catholic Church - The nature of God Roman Catholic Church - Humanity's separation from God Roman Catholic Church - The role of the Church Roman Catholic Church - Magisterium Roman Catholic Church - Salvation Roman Catholic Church - The Christian Path Roman Catholic Church - Social teaching
Roman Catholic Church - Liturgy Roman Catholic Church - Sacraments Roman Catholic Church - Relations with other Christians Roman Catholic Church - Particular Churches within the single Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church - Particular Churches or Rites Roman Catholic Church - Particular or local Churches Roman Catholic Church - Theological significance
Roman Catholic Church - Note on liturgical rites in use within the Latin or Western Church
Roman Catholic Church - Liturgical rites currently in use within the Catholic Church of Latin Rite Roman Catholic Church - Defunct Catholic Western liturgical rites
Roman Catholic Church - The hierarchical constitution of the Church
Roman Catholic Church - The Pope Roman Catholic Church - The cardinalate Roman Catholic Church - The episcopate Roman Catholic Church - Priests and deacons
Roman Catholic Church - The consecrated life Roman Catholic Church - Worldwide distribution Roman Catholic Church - Criticisms and controversies
Roman Catholic Church - Historical criticism Roman Catholic Church - Contemporary criticism

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A congregation is a type of dicastery of the Roman Curia, the Roman Catholic Church government. Each is led by a prefect, who is a Cardinal. If a non-cardinal is appointed to head a congregation, he serves as a pro-prefect until he is made a cardinal in a consistory. Current congregations include: Congregation for Bishops Congregation for Catholic Education (for Seminaries and Institutes of Study) Congregation for the Causes of Saints Congregation for the Clergy Congregation for ...

Including:

Congregation Roman Curia - External link

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A roman à clef or roman à clé (French for "novel with a key") is a novel describing real-life events behind a façade of fiction. The "key", not present in the text, is the correlation between events and characters in the novel and events and characters in real life. The reasons an author might choose the roman à clef format include: Satire; Writing about controversial topics and/or reporting inside information on scandals without giving rise to charges of libel. A roman à clef also gives the author the opportunity to turn the tale t ...

Including:

Roman à clef - Notable romans à clef Roman à clef - Other uses

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