Romania during World War II

Main article: Romania during World War II As a result, in 1940, Romania lost territory in both east and west: In June 1940, after issuing an ultimatum to Romania, the Soviet Union occupied Bessarabia and northern Bukovina. Two thirds of Bessarabia were combined with a small part of USSR to form the Moldavian SSR. Northern Bukovina and Budjak were apportioned to the Ukrainian SSR. In August 1940, Northern Transylvania was awarded to H ...

See also:

History of Romania, History of Romania - Dacia, History of Romania - Romania in the Middle Ages, History of Romania - National awakening of Romania, History of Romania - Kingdom of Romania, History of Romania - The Old Kingdom, History of Romania - Greater Romania România Mare, History of Romania - Romania during World War II, History of Romania - Communist Romania, History of Romania - Romania since 1989, History of Romania - Romanian rulers

Read more here: » History of Romania: Encyclopedia II - History of Romania - Romania during World War II

On April 13, 1939, France and Britain had pledged to ensure the independence of Romania, but negotiations on a similar Soviet guarantee collapsed when Romania refused to allow the Red Army to cross its frontiers. On August 23, 1939 Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, which stipulated, among other things, the Soviet "interest" in Bessarabia, along with the explicit lack of any such German interest in the area. Eight days later, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. Romania officially remained neutral, granting refuge ...

See also:

Romania during World War II, Romania during World War II - The war begins, Romania during World War II - Antonescu comes to power, Romania during World War II - Romania and the Holocaust, Romania during World War II - The royal coup, Romania during World War II - After the war, Romania during World War II - Notes

Read more here: » Romania during World War II: Encyclopedia II - Romania during World War II - The war begins

World War II was primarily fought between two large alliances. The Axis Powers were a group of countries led by Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan, and are considered the aggressors of the conflict. The Allies, led by the United Kingdom and, until its defeat, France, were joined in the European theatre by the Soviet Union in June 1941 and by the United States in December 1941. In the Asia-Pacific theatre, the Allies were led by China from the invasion of China by Japan in 1937 and then joined by the United States in 1941 after the Pearl Harbor attack. ...

See also:

Participants in World War II, Participants in World War II - Alliances, Participants in World War II - The Axis, Participants in World War II - The Allies, Participants in World War II - National impacts, Participants in World War II - Afghanistan, Participants in World War II - Albania, Participants in World War II - Andorra, Participants in World War II - Argentina, Participants in World War II - Australia, Participants in World War II - Austria, Participants in World War II - Bahrain, Participants in World War II - Belgium, Participants in World War II - Bolivia, Participants in World War II - Brazil, Participants in World War II - Bulgaria, Participants in World War II - Canada, Participants in World War II - Ceylon, Participants in World War II - Chile, Participants in World War II - China, Participants in World War II - Colombia, Participants in World War II - Costa Rica, Participants in World War II - Cuba, Participants in World War II - Czechoslovakia, Participants in World War II - Denmark, Participants in World War II - Dominican Republic, Participants in World War II - Ecuador, Participants in World War II - Egypt, Participants in World War II - El Salvador, Participants in World War II - Estonia, Participants in World War II - Ethiopia, Participants in World War II - Fiji, Participants in World War II - Finland, Participants in World War II - France, Participants in World War II - Germany, Participants in World War II - Greece, Participants in World War II - Guatemala, Participants in World War II - Haiti, Participants in World War II - Honduras, Participants in World War II - Hong Kong, Participants in World War II - Hungary, Participants in World War II - India, Participants in World War II - Indonesia, Participants in World War II - Iran, Participants in World War II - Iraq, Participants in World War II - Ireland, Participants in World War II - Italy, Participants in World War II - Japan, Participants in World War II - Latvia, Participants in World War II - Lebanon, Participants in World War II - Liberia, Participants in World War II - Liechtenstein, Participants in World War II - Lithuania, Participants in World War II - Luxembourg, Participants in World War II - Malaya, Participants in World War II - Malta, Participants in World War II - Manchukuo, Participants in World War II - Mexico, Participants in World War II - Monaco, Participants in World War II - Mongolia, Participants in World War II - Morocco, Participants in World War II - Nepal, Participants in World War II - Netherlands, Participants in World War II - New Zealand, Participants in World War II - Nicaragua, Participants in World War II - Norway, Participants in World War II - Oman, Participants in World War II - Panama, Participants in World War II - Paraguay, Participants in World War II - Peru, Participants in World War II - Philippines, Participants in World War II - Poland, Participants in World War II - Portugal, Participants in World War II - Romania, Participants in World War II - San Marino, Participants in World War II - Saudi Arabia, Participants in World War II - Singapore, Participants in World War II - South Africa, Participants in World War II - Soviet Union, Participants in World War II - Spain, Participants in World War II - Sweden, Participants in World War II - Switzerland, Participants in World War II - Syria, Participants in World War II - Tannu Tuva, Participants in World War II - Thailand, Participants in World War II - Tonga, Participants in World War II - Transjordan, Participants in World War II - Turkey, Participants in World War II - United Kingdom, Participants in World War II - United States of America, Participants in World War II - Uruguay, Participants in World War II - Venezuela, Participants in World War II - Vichy France, Participants in World War II - Yemen, Participants in World War II - Yugoslavia

Read more here: » Participants in World War II: Encyclopedia II - Participants in World War II - Alliances

Main article: Kingdom of Romania History of Romania - The Old Kingdom. In 1866, the German prince Carol I (Charles or Karl) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was appointed as Domnitor of the Principality of Romania, to end the rivalry and struggle for the seat of power by the Romanian boyar factions. In 1877, Romania declared independence from the Ottoman Empire and, following a Russian-Romanian-Turkish war, its independence was recognized by the Treaty of Berlin, 1878, making it the first independent nat ...

See also:

History of Romania, History of Romania - Dacia, History of Romania - Romania in the Middle Ages, History of Romania - National awakening of Romania, History of Romania - Kingdom of Romania, History of Romania - The Old Kingdom, History of Romania - Greater Romania România Mare, History of Romania - Romania during World War II, History of Romania - Communist Romania, History of Romania - Romania since 1989, History of Romania - Romanian rulers

Read more here: » History of Romania: Encyclopedia II - History of Romania - Kingdom of Romania

Romania was an ally of Nazi Germany during World War II, and echoed its anti-Semitic policies. During 1941 and 1942, thirty-two laws, thirty-one decree-laws, and seventeen government resolutions, all sharply anti-Semitic, were published in the Official Gazette (Monitorul Oficial). Romania also joined Germany in the invasion of the Soviet Union. On June 27, 1941, Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu telephoned Col. Constantin Lupu, commander of the Iasi garrison, telling him form ...

See also:

Iaşi pogrom, Iaşi pogrom - Background, Iaşi pogrom - Pogrom and death train

Read more here: » Iaşi pogrom: Encyclopedia II - Iaşi pogrom - Background

Main article: History of Romania In 513 BC, south of the Danube, the tribal confederation of the Getae were defeated by Darius during his campaign against the Scythians (Herodotus IV.93). Over half a millennium later, the Getae (also named Daci by Romans) were defeated by the Roman Empire under Emperor Trajan in two campaigns stretching from 101 to 106, and the core of their kingdom was turned into the Roman province of Dacia. The Gothic and Carpic campaigns in the Balkans during 238–256 forced the Roman Empire to reorganize ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - History

Main article: History of Romania In 513 BC, south of the Danube, the tribal confederation of the Getae were defeated by Darius during his campaign against the Scythians (Herodotus IV.93). Over half a millennium later, the Getae (also named Daci by Romans) were defeated by the Roman Empire under Emperor Trajan in two campaigns stretching from 101 to 106, and the core of their kingdom was turned into the Roman province of Dacia. The Gothic and Carpic campaigns in the Balkans during 238–256 forced the Roman Empire to reorganize a new Roman province of Dacia south of Dan ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - History

World War II was primarily fought between two large alliances. The Axis Powers were a group of countries led by Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan, and are considered the aggressors of the conflict. The Allies, led by the United Kingdom and, until its defeat, France, were joined in the European theatre by the Soviet Union in June 1941 and by the United States in December 1941. In the Asia-Pacific theatre, the Allies were led by China from the invasion of China by Japan in 1937 and then joined by the United States in 1941 after the Pearl Harbor attack. ...

See also:

Participants in World War II, Participants in World War II - Alliances, Participants in World War II - The Axis, Participants in World War II - The Allies, Participants in World War II - National impacts, Participants in World War II - Afghanistan, Participants in World War II - Albania, Participants in World War II - Andorra, Participants in World War II - Argentina, Participants in World War II - Australia, Participants in World War II - Austria, Participants in World War II - Bahrain, Participants in World War II - Belgium, Participants in World War II - Bolivia, Participants in World War II - Brazil, Participants in World War II - Bulgaria, Participants in World War II - Canada, Participants in World War II - Ceylon, Participants in World War II - China, Participants in World War II - Colombia, Participants in World War II - Costa Rica, Participants in World War II - Cuba, Participants in World War II - Czechoslovakia, Participants in World War II - Denmark, Participants in World War II - Dominican Republic, Participants in World War II - Ecuador, Participants in World War II - Egypt, Participants in World War II - El Salvador, Participants in World War II - Estonia, Participants in World War II - Ethiopia, Participants in World War II - Fiji, Participants in World War II - Finland, Participants in World War II - France, Participants in World War II - Germany, Participants in World War II - Greece, Participants in World War II - Guatemala, Participants in World War II - Haiti, Participants in World War II - Honduras, Participants in World War II - Hong Kong, Participants in World War II - Hungary, Participants in World War II - India, Participants in World War II - Indonesia, Participants in World War II - Iran, Participants in World War II - Iraq, Participants in World War II - Ireland, Participants in World War II - Italy, Participants in World War II - Japan, Participants in World War II - Latvia, Participants in World War II - Lebanon, Participants in World War II - Liberia, Participants in World War II - Liechtenstein, Participants in World War II - Lithuania, Participants in World War II - Luxembourg, Participants in World War II - Malaya, Participants in World War II - Malta, Participants in World War II - Manchukuo, Participants in World War II - Mexico, Participants in World War II - Monaco, Participants in World War II - Mongolia, Participants in World War II - Morocco, Participants in World War II - Nepal, Participants in World War II - Netherlands, Participants in World War II - New Zealand, Participants in World War II - Nicaragua, Participants in World War II - Norway, Participants in World War II - Oman, Participants in World War II - Panama, Participants in World War II - Paraguay, Participants in World War II - Peru, Participants in World War II - Philippines, Participants in World War II - Poland, Participants in World War II - Portugal, Participants in World War II - Romania, Participants in World War II - San Marino, Participants in World War II - Saudi Arabia, Participants in World War II - Singapore, Participants in World War II - South Africa, Participants in World War II - Soviet Union, Participants in World War II - Spain, Participants in World War II - Sweden, Participants in World War II - Switzerland, Participants in World War II - Syria, Participants in World War II - Tannu Tuva, Participants in World War II - Thailand, Participants in World War II - Tonga, Participants in World War II - Transjordan, Participants in World War II - Turkey, Participants in World War II - United Kingdom, Participants in World War II - United States of America, Participants in World War II - Uruguay, Participants in World War II - Venezuela, Participants in World War II - Vichy France, Participants in World War II - Yugoslavia

Read more here: » Participants in World War II: Encyclopedia II - Participants in World War II - Alliances

Main article: Communist Romania Soviet occupation following WWII led to the formation of a communist Peoples' Republic in 1947 and the abdication of king Michael, who went into exile. In the early 1960s, Romania's communist government began to assert some independence from the Soviet Union. Ceauşescu became head of the Communist Party in 1965 and head of state in 1967. Ceauşescu's denunciation of the 1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia and a brief relaxation in internal repression helped give him a positive image bo ...

See also:

History of Romania, History of Romania - Dacia, History of Romania - Romania in the Middle Ages, History of Romania - National awakening of Romania, History of Romania - Kingdom of Romania, History of Romania - The Old Kingdom, History of Romania - Greater Romania România Mare, History of Romania - Romania during World War II, History of Romania - Communist Romania, History of Romania - Romania since 1989, History of Romania - Romanian rulers

Read more here: » History of Romania: Encyclopedia II - History of Romania - Communist Romania

Main article: Romania since 1989 Presidential and parliamentary elections were held on May 20, 1990. Running against representatives of the pre-war National Peasants' Party and National Liberal Party, and taking advantage of FSN's tight control of the national radio and television, Iliescu won 85% of the vote. The FSN secured two-thirds of the seats in Parliament. A university professor with strong family roots in the Communist Party, Petre Roman, was named Prime Minister of the new government, which consisted mainly of former communist offici ...

See also:

History of Romania, History of Romania - Dacia, History of Romania - Romania in the Middle Ages, History of Romania - National awakening of Romania, History of Romania - Kingdom of Romania, History of Romania - The Old Kingdom, History of Romania - Greater Romania România Mare, History of Romania - Romania during World War II, History of Romania - Communist Romania, History of Romania - Romania since 1989, History of Romania - Romanian rulers

Read more here: » History of Romania: Encyclopedia II - History of Romania - Romania since 1989

Main article: Politics of Romania Romania is a democratic republic. The legislative branch of the Romanian government consists of two chambers, Senatul (The Senate), which has 137 members (as of 2004), and Camera Deputaţilor (The Chamber of Deputies), which has 332 members (as of 2004). The members of both chambers are elected every four years. The President is also elected by popular vote, every ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Politics

Main article: Culture of Romania There are many TV stations in Romania like: TVR 1, TVR 2, TVR Cultural, TVR International, PRO TV, PRO Cinema, Acasa , Antena 1, Antena 3 (Romania), Euforia TV - Antena 4, Prima TV, Realitatea TV, National TV, N24, B1 TV, Telesport, TV Sport, OTV. See also: Art of Romania Christmas customs in Romania List of Romanians Literature of Romania Music of Romania Romanian-American Romanian poets ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Culture

Palace of Culture, Iaşi Palatul Parlamentului, Bucharest Romanian Athenaeum, Bucharest The University, Bucharest Orthodox Cathedral, Cluj-Napoca Catholic Church, Cluj-Napoca National Theatre, Cluj-Napoca Bariţiu Street, Cluj-Napoca Eroilor Ave, Cluj-Napoca National Theatre, Târgu Mureş Casino, Constanţa Borzeşti Church, Borzeş ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Gallery

Main article: Demographics of Romania Romania - Ethnicity. Ethnic groups (Census 2004): Romanian 88.5% Hungarian 5.5% Roma 2.5% Ukrainian 2.3% German 0.3% Russian 0.2% Turkish and Tatar 0.2% Other 0.4% Other ethnic groups include natives of Romania's neighbouring countries and some smaller groups like the Polish minority (numbering a few th ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Demographics

Image:Catalinaponor.jpg Romania is successful in a number of sports at international level. See also List of Romanians (sport section). The gymnast Nadia Comaneci was the first gymnast to score a perfect ten in Olympic competition (1976 Montreal Olympic Games). She also won three gold medals, one silver and one bronze - all at the age of fourteen. Her success continued in the 1980 Moscow Olympics when she was aw ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Sport in Romania

Main article: National awakening of Romania As in most European countries, 1848 brought revolution to Moldavia, Wallachia, and Transylvania, announced by Tudor Vladimirescu and his Pandurs attempt in 1821. The goals of the revolutionaries - complete independence for the first two and national emancipation in third - remained unfulfilled, but were the basis of the subsequent evolutions. Also, the uprising helped the population of the t ...

See also:

History of Romania, History of Romania - Dacia, History of Romania - Romania in the Middle Ages, History of Romania - National awakening of Romania, History of Romania - Kingdom of Romania, History of Romania - The Old Kingdom, History of Romania - Greater Romania România Mare, History of Romania - Romania during World War II, History of Romania - Communist Romania, History of Romania - Romania since 1989, History of Romania - Romanian rulers

Read more here: » History of Romania: Encyclopedia II - History of Romania - National awakening of Romania

Principalty of Romania Kingdom of Romania Romanian People's Republic Socialist Republic Romania (from 1965, 21 August) Romania See also: Kings of Romania, Bessarabia, Moldavia, Wallachia, and Transylvania ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859

Main articles: Romania in the Dark Ages, Romania in the Middle Ages Different parts of the territory of present-day Romania were invaded and controlled succesively by the Goths from 271 until 4th century, by the Huns until 435, the Gepids, the Avars and the Slavs during the 6th century, the Bulgars (subsequently Bulgarians) during 7th – 11th century, Magyars and Pechenegs during the 10th century, an ...

See also:

History of Romania, History of Romania - Dacia, History of Romania - Romania in the Middle Ages, History of Romania - National awakening of Romania, History of Romania - Kingdom of Romania, History of Romania - The Old Kingdom, History of Romania - Greater Romania România Mare, History of Romania - Romania during World War II, History of Romania - Communist Romania, History of Romania - Romania since 1989, History of Romania - Romanian rulers

Read more here: » History of Romania: Encyclopedia II - History of Romania - Romania in the Middle Ages

Main article: Counties of Romania Romania is divided into 41 judeţe, or counties, and the municipality of Bucharest (Bucureşti) - the capital. See also Administrative divisions of Romania. The counties are (in alphabetical order): Alba Arad Argeş Bacău Bihor Bistriţa-Năsăud Botoşani Braşov Brăila Buzău Caraş-Severin Călăraşi Cluj Constanţa Covasna See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Administrative divisions

Main article: Geography of Romania A large part of Romania's borders with Serbia and Bulgaria is formed by the Danube. The Danube is joined by the Prut River, which forms the border with Moldova. The Danube flows into the Black Sea forming the Danube Delta which is a reservation of the Biosphere. Because many of Romania's borders are defined by natural, sometimes shifting rivers, and because the Danube Delta is constantly expanding towards the sea, about 2-5 linear metres yearly, Romania's surface area has changed over the past few decades, generally increasing. The number has increased from about 237,500 ...

See also:

Romania, Romania - Name, Romania - History, Romania - Romanian heads of state from the Unification of 1859, Romania - Politics, Romania - Administrative divisions, Romania - Geography, Romania - Largest cities, Romania - Economy, Romania - Trade, Romania - Taxation, Romania - Debt, Romania - Wages, Romania - Currency, Romania - National Budget, Romania - National Holidays, Romania - Sport in Romania, Romania - Demographics, Romania - Ethnicity, Romania - Language, Romania - Religion, Romania - Culture, Romania - Miscellaneous topics, Romania - Gallery, Romania - International rankings

Read more here: » Romania: Encyclopedia II - Romania - Geography