recitative - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Aria: Encyclopedia - Aria
An aria (Italian for air; plural: arie or arias in common usage) in music was originally any expressive melody, usually, but not always, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Song: Encyclopedia - Song
A song is a relatively short musical composition for the human voice (possibly accompanied by other musical instruments), which features ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opera: Encyclopedia - Opera
Opera refers to a dramatic art form, originating in Europe, in which the emotional content is conveyed to the audience as much through mu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opera Buffa: Encyclopedia - Opera Buffa
Opera buffa (comic opera), also known as Commedia per musica (musical comedy), or Dramma giocoso per musica (musical dramatic comedy), is...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Passion: Encyclopedia - Passion
The Passion is the technical term for the suffering and Agony of Jesus that led directly to the Crucifixion, a central Christian event. T...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven: Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven
The Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Op. 125 is the last complete symphony composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Completed in 1824, it includes par...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cantata: Encyclopedia - Cantata
Cantata (Italian, 'sung'), a vocal composition accompanied by instruments and generally containing more than one movement. In the 16th ce...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Christoph Willibald Gluck: Encyclopedia - Christoph Willibald Gluck
Christoph Willibald (von) Gluck (July 2, 1714 – November 15, 1787) was a German composer. He is seen as one of the most important opera...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carmen: Encyclopedia - Carmen
Carmen is a French opera by Georges Bizet. The libretto was written by Meilhac and Halévy, based on the novel by Prosper Mérimée. The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Passion: Encyclopedia Ii - Passion - Musical Settings Of Gospel Narratives
The reading of the Passion during Holy Week dates back to the 4th century. It began to be intoned (rather than just spoken) in the Middle...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Johann Andreas Herbst: Encyclopedia Ii - Johann Andreas Herbst - Life
He was born at Nuremberg, and most likely had his early education there. Possibly he studied with Hans Leo Hassler, one of the most promi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mor Lam: Encyclopedia Ii - Mor Lam - Forms
There are many forms of mor lam. There can be no definitive list as they are not mutually exclusive, while some forms are confined to par...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - History
Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Composition. The first sketches for the Fifth Symphony date back to 1800 and 1801.[2] Following the completi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Operetta: Encyclopedia Ii - Operetta - History
The most significant composer of operetta in the German language was the Austrian Johann Strauss, Jr. (1825-1899). His first work in this...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - History
Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Composition. The first sketches for the Fifth Symphony date to back to 1800 and 1801.[2] Following the compl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emilio De' Cavalieri: Encyclopedia Ii - Emilio De' Cavalieri - Life
Cavalieri was born in Rome of an aristocratic and musical family. He probably received his early training there, and was working as an or...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Creation: Encyclopedia Ii - The Creation - Musical Numbers
The Creation is written in three parts, whose musical numbers are given below. As in other oratorios, the larger musical numbers (arias a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - English Madrigal School: Encyclopedia Ii - English Madrigal School - Style And Characteristics
Most likely the impetus for writing madrigals came through the influence of Alfonso Ferrabosco, who worked in England in the 1560s and 15...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Music
Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Naming. The official name is: Symphony No. 9 in D minor, opus 125. The symphony is sometimes referred to as ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Matthäuspassion: Encyclopedia Ii - Matthäuspassion - Structure Of The Work
Baroque musical settings of the Passion became common in the later 17th century. Like other oratorio passions, Bach's setting presents th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Music
Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Naming. The official name is: Symphony No. 9 in D minor, opus 125. The symphony is sometimes referred to as ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Modest Mussorgsky: Encyclopedia Ii - Modest Mussorgsky - Life
Mussorgsky was born in Karevo in the province of Pskov, 400km SSE of St. Petersburg. Mussorgsky's wealthy and land-owning family reputedl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Song: Encyclopedia Ii - Song - Cultural Types
Song - Art songs. Art songs are songs created for performance in their own right, or for the purposes of a European upper class, usuall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Passion: Encyclopedia Ii - Passion - Musical Settings Of Gospel Narratives
The reading of the Passion during Holy Week dates back to the 4th century. It began to be intoned (rather than just spoken) in the Middle...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Opera - History
Opera - Origins. The word opera means simply "works" in Latin, the plural of opus suggesting that it combines the arts of solo & ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tommy Rock Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Tommy Rock Opera - Other Incarnations
Tommy rock opera - 1972 orchestral version. In late 1972 entrepreneur Lou Reizner presented two concert versions of Tommy at the Rainbo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carmen: Encyclopedia Ii - Carmen - History
Du Locle, the artistic director of the Opéra-Comique commissioned Bizet to write an opera based on the Mérimée's novel in early 1873 t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opera Buffa: Encyclopedia Ii - Opera Buffa - History
In the sequence of musical epochs, this sub-genre follows the development of opera and of the so-called opera seria, which should have be...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Opera - History
Opera - Origins. The word opera means simply "work" in Italian, coming from the Latin, the plural of opus suggesting that it combines t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Dream Of Gerontius: Encyclopedia Ii - The Dream Of Gerontius - Music
The Dream of Gerontius - Forces. The oratorio calls for a large orchestra, of typical late Romantic proportions, double chorus with sem...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jean-baptiste Lully: Encyclopedia Ii - Jean-baptiste Lully - Life
Born in Florence, the son of a miller, Lully had little education, musical or otherwise, but learned to play the guitar and violin. In 16...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Trivia
Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Performing the symphony. Lasting about 74 minutes in performance, the Ninth was an exceptionally long sympho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Form
The work is in four movements: I. Allegro con brio II. Andante con moto III. Scherzo. Allegro IV. Allegro The first three movements are...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Lore
A great deal has been written about Fifth symphony in books, scholarly articles, and program notes for live and recorded performances. Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - History
Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Writing of the symphony. The Philharmonic Society of London (later the Royal Philharmonic Society) originall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Textual Questions
Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - The third movement repeat. In the autograph score (that is, the original version from Beethoven's hand), the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - The Symphony In Popular Culture
The Symphony, especially its opening, is familiar to audiences around the world. Not surprisingly given its fame, the Fifth Symphony has ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Media
The following performance of the Fifth Symphony is by the Fulda Symphonic Orchestra (Fuldaer Symphonisches Orchester) under the direction...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Passion: Encyclopedia Ii - Passion - Passion Narratives
The canonical narratives of the Passion are found in the synoptic gospels and in the Gospel of John. Further details concerning the Passi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tommy Rock Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Tommy Rock Opera - Story
Tommy is the fictitious biography of Tommy Walker. Tommy's father, Captain Walker, had been listed as missing in action during World War ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tommy Rock Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Tommy Rock Opera - Analysis And History
Although Tommy is conventionally described as a rock opera, author and Who historian Richard Barnes points out that this definition is no...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tommy Rock Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Tommy Rock Opera - Editions
Tommy was originally released as a two-LP set with a thin booklet of lyrics and artwork in a triptych-style fold-out cover. All three of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tommy Rock Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Tommy Rock Opera - Track Listing
Tommy rock opera - Side 1. Overture (5:21) It's a Boy (:38) 1921 (2:49) Amazing Journey (4:24) Sparks (2:46) Eyesight to the Blind (Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Dream Of Gerontius: Encyclopedia Ii - The Dream Of Gerontius - Legacy
Until 1899, Elgar was generally regarded by the British musical establishment as a talented but essentially provincial composer and condu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Dream Of Gerontius: Encyclopedia Ii - The Dream Of Gerontius - History
The Dream of Gerontius - Commission composition and performance. Like Cardinal Newman, Elgar was a Roman Catholic and was intimately fa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Johann Andreas Herbst: Encyclopedia Ii - Johann Andreas Herbst - Writings
Herbst was one of the most important German music theorists of the first half of the 17th century, second only to Michael Praetorius. His...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Johann Andreas Herbst: Encyclopedia Ii - Johann Andreas Herbst - Musical Style And Influence
Herbst wrote cantatas, chorales, chorale concertos, motets, psalm settings, and numerous other works, most of which were on sacred topics...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Dream Of Gerontius: Encyclopedia Ii - The Dream Of Gerontius - Synopsis
Newman's poem tells the story of a soul's journey through death, and provides a meditation on the unseen world of Roman Catholic theology...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emilio De' Cavalieri: Encyclopedia Ii - Emilio De' Cavalieri - Works
Cavalieri claimed to be the inventor of monody, often with considerable irritation: "everyone knows I am the inventor of monody," he said...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Creation: Encyclopedia Ii - The Creation - Composition And Premiere
Haydn was inspired to write a large oratorio during his visits to England in 1791-1792 and 1794-1795, when he heard oratorios of Handel p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carmen: Encyclopedia Ii - Carmen - Musical Pieces
Main Article: Music of Carmen The more popular pieces from the opera include: The Prelude Avec la garde montante (Chorus - With the guar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carmen: Encyclopedia Ii - Carmen - Musical Elements
When asked if he would visit Spain to research his score, Bizet replied "No, that would only confuse me." Bizet elegantly works elements ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carmen: Encyclopedia Ii - Carmen - Adaptations
Carmen - Fantasies. A number of classical composers have used themes from Carmen as the basis for works of their own. Some of these, su...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jean-baptiste Lully: Encyclopedia Ii - Jean-baptiste Lully - Music
Lully's music is from the Middle Baroque period, 1650-1700. Typical of Baroque music is the use of the basso continuo (or simply continuo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Modest Mussorgsky: Encyclopedia Ii - Modest Mussorgsky - Works
The striking novelty of Mussorgsky's original compositions had not been rediscovered until the mid-20th century, when Dmitri Shostakovich...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carmen: Encyclopedia Ii - Carmen - Dramatic Elements
Carmen was extremely innovative in its drama: no longer was French Opera confined to one-dimensional comic characters. The two lead chara...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carmen: Encyclopedia Ii - Carmen - Synopsis
Setting: Seville, Spain c. 1830 Carmen - Act I. A beautiful square in Seville with bridge. Morales and the soldiers are on guard, very ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Passion: Encyclopedia Ii - Passion - Passion Narratives
The canonical narratives of the Passion are found in the synoptic gospels and in the Gospel of John. Further details concerning the Passi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opera: Encyclopedia Ii - Opera - Sociology Of Opera
All art forms have a social context, and opera likewise cannot exist in a vacuum. A string quartet exists in manuscript and printed score...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Passion: Encyclopedia Ii - Passion - Instruments Of The Passion
In Christian symbolism the Instruments of the Passion are the objects associated with the Passion Crucifixion. Each of the Instruments ha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - History
Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Writing of the symphony. The Philharmonic Society of London (later the Royal Philharmonic Society) originall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Trivia
Symphony No. 9 Beethoven - Performing the symphony. Lasting about 74 minutes in performance, the Ninth was an exceptionally long sympho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mor Lam: Encyclopedia Ii - Mor Lam - History
In his Traditional Music of the Lao, Terry Miller identifies five factors which helped to produce the various genres of lam in Isan: anim...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mor Lam: Encyclopedia Ii - Mor Lam - Performers
Traditionally, young mor lam were taught by established artists, paying them for their teaching with money or in kind. The education focu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Media
The following performance of the Fifth Symphony is by the Fulda Symphonic Orchestra (Fuldaer Symphonisches Orchester) under the direction...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Textual Questions
Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - The third movement repeat. In the autograph score (that is, the original version from Beethoven's hand), the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - The Symphony In Popular Culture
The Symphony, especially its opening, is familiar to audiences around the world. Not surprisingly given its fame, the Fifth Symphony has ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Matthäuspassion: Encyclopedia Ii - Matthäuspassion - Interpolated Texts
The arias, set to texts by Picander, are interspersed between sections of the Gospel text, and are sung by various soloists and with a va...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Matthäuspassion: Encyclopedia Ii - Matthäuspassion - Compositional Style
Bach’s music is as deep as the text. His recitatives are never mechanical, but set the mood for the particular passage, often highlight...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - Form
The work is in four movements: I. Allegro con brio II. Andante con moto III. Scherzo. Allegro IV. Allegro The first three movements are...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven: Encyclopedia Ii - Symphony No. 5 Beethoven - The Fate Motif
The initial motif of the symphony has sometimes been credited with symbolic significance as a representation of Fate knocking at the door...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mor Lam: Encyclopedia Ii - Mor Lam - Characteristics
Mor lam - Instruments. The traditional instruments of mor lam are: the khene: a mouth pipe organ, consisting of approximately fourteen...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mor Lam: Encyclopedia Ii - Mor Lam - Performance
In Laos, lam may be performed standing (lam yuen) or sitting (lam nang). Northern lam is typically lam yuen and southern lam is typically...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mor Lam: Encyclopedia Ii - Mor Lam - Recordings
As few mor lam artists write all their own material, many of them are extremely prolific, producing several albums each year. Major singe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Creation: Encyclopedia Ii - The Creation - Text
The text of The Creation has a long history. The three sources are Genesis, the Biblical book of Psalms, and John Milton's Genesis epic P...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The Creation: Encyclopedia Ii - The Creation - Musical Forces
The Creation is set for three vocal soloists (soprano, tenor, and bass), four-part chorus (soprano, alto, tenor, bass), and a large late-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Matthäuspassion: Encyclopedia Ii - Matthäuspassion - History
Bach's St. Matthew Passion was probably written in 1727. Only two of the four (or five) settings of the Passion which Bach wrote have sur...   » Read the article