Rational may be: pertaining to rationality a mathematical term for certain numbers; the rational numbers the software company Rational Software; now owned by IBM, and formerly Rational Software Corporation Other related archivesIBM, Rational Software, mathematical, numbers, rational numbers, rationality, software

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In economics, it is often common to use the word "rationing" to refer to one of the roles that prices play in markets, while rationing (as the word is usually used) is called "non-price rationing." Using prices to ration means that those with the most money (or other assets) and who want a product the most get the largest amount, whereas non-price rationing follows other principles of distribution. Below, we discuss only the latter, dropping the "non-price" qualifier, to refer only to marketing done ...

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Rationing, Rationing - Rationing in economics, Rationing - Military rationing, Rationing - Civilian rationing, Rationing - Medical care rationing, Rationing - Emergency Rationing, Rationing - Sources

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Continental rationalism is an approach to philosophy based on the thesis that human reason can in principle be the source of all knowledge. It originated with René Descartes and spread during the 17th and 18th centuries, primarily in continental Europe. In contrast, the approach known as British Empiricism held that all ideas come to us through experience, either through the five external senses or through such inner sensations as pain and pleasure, and thus that knowledge (with the possible exception of mathematics) is essentially e ...

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Many models of human behavior in the social sciences assume that humans can be reasonably approximated or described as "rational" entities, especially as conceived by rational choice theory. Many economics models assume that people are hyperrational, and would never do anything to violate their preferences. Herbert Simon, in Models of My Life, points out that most people are only partly rational, and are in fact emotional/irrational in the remaining part of their actions. He gives Albert Einstein as an example of ...

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rationalize: To excuse through reason. To make plausible explanations for.

(See also: Rationalize, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

The CNT-F (Confédération nationale du travail) or National Confederation of Labour is a French anarcho-syndicalist union. It was founded in 1946 by Spanish anarcho-syndicalists in exile and former members of Confédération Générale du Travail-Syndicaliste Révolutionnaire CGT-SR , its name is derived from the Spanish CNT, the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo. Three organisations share the name CNT actually : the CNT-Vignoles (or CNT-f), from the name of the street where is located their main off ...

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Examples of rationalization in the modern world abound, and a comprehensive list would be infeasible. Following is a list of some of general rational trends. Rationalization sociology - Human body. One rational tendency is towards increasing the efficiency and output of the human body. Several means can be employed in reaching this end, including trends towards regular exercise, dieting, liposuction, increased hygiene, drugs, and an emphasis on optimal nutrition. These allow for stronger, leaner, more opti ...

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Rationalization sociology, Rationalization sociology - Rationalization in the modern world, Rationalization sociology - Human body, Rationalization sociology - Consumption, Rationalization sociology - Commercialization, Rationalization sociology - Structures of authority, Rationalization sociology - Effects of rationalization

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In a number of kinds of speech, "rational" may also denote a hodge-podge of generally positive attributes, including: reasonable: "having sound judgement" (Webster's) reasonable: "not extreme or excessive" (Webster's) justifiable on the basis of reason (as opposed to tradition or emotional grounds). (logical) not foolish sane good Useful contrasts may include: rational vs. emotional rational vs. creative

    Two rational numbers and are equal if and only if ad = bc Additive and multiplicative inverses exist in the rational numbers.   ...

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Rational number, Rational number - Arithmetic, Rational number - History, Rational number - Egyptian fractions, Rational number - Formal construction, Rational number - Properties, Rational number - Real numbers, Rational number - p-adic numbers

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Rational number - Egyptian fractions. Any positive rational number can be expressed as a sum of distinct reciprocals of positive integers. For instance, For any positive rational number, there are infinitely many different such representations. These representations are called Egyptian fractions, because the ancient Egyptians used them. The Egyptians also had a different notation for dy ...

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Rational number, Rational number - Arithmetic, Rational number - History, Rational number - Egyptian fractions, Rational number - Formal construction, Rational number - Properties, Rational number - Real numbers, Rational number - p-adic numbers

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Every non-singular rational surface can be obtained by repeatedly blowing up a minimal rational surface. The minimal rational surfaces are the projective plane and the Hirzebruch surfaces Σn for n=0 or n≥ 2. Invariants: The plurigenera are all 0 and the fundamental group is trivial. Hodge diamond: where n is 0 for the projective plane, and 1 for Hirzebruch surfaces and greater than 1 for other rational surfaces. The Picard group is the odd unimodular lattice I1,n, except for the Hirzebruch surfaces Σ2m when it is ...

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Rational surface, Rational surface - Structure, Rational surface - Hirzebruch surfaces, Rational surface - Castelnuovo's theorem, Rational surface - Examples of rational surfaces

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The set , together with the addition and multiplication operations shown above, forms a field, the quotient field of the integers . The rationals are the smallest field with characteristic 0: every other field of characteristic 0 contains a copy of . The algebraic closure of , i.e. the field of roots of rational polynomials, is the algebraic numbers. The set of all rational numbers is countable. Since the set of all real numbers is uncountable, we say that almost all real numbers are irrational, in the sense of Lebesgue measure, i ...

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Rational number, Rational number - Arithmetic, Rational number - History, Rational number - Egyptian fractions, Rational number - Formal construction, Rational number - Properties, Rational number - Real numbers, Rational number - p-adic numbers

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We will factor the integer n = 35 using the rational sieve. We'll arbitrarily try the value B=19, giving the factor base P={2,3,11,13,17,19}. (We cannot include 5 and 7 since they are actually factors of 35, which screws up the algorithm. Of course, if we already know the factors, we do not need to do the algorithm, but we will anyway to show that it works.) Next, we search for values of z -- the first few are 1, 3, 4, 9, 13, 19, and 22, and we can stop there. The seven values of z give seven multiplicative ...

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Rational sieve, Rational sieve - Method, Rational sieve - Example, Rational sieve - Limitations of the algorithm

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Guido Castelnuovo proved that any complex surface such that q and P2 (the irregularity and second plurigenus) both vanish is rational. This is used in the Enriques-Kodaira classification to identify the rational surfaces. Castelnuovo's theorem also implies that any unirational complex surface is rational, because if a surface is unirational then its irregularity and plurigenera are bounded by those of a rational surface and are therefore all 0, so the surface is rational. Most unirat ...

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Rational surface, Rational surface - Structure, Rational surface - Hirzebruch surfaces, Rational surface - Castelnuovo's theorem, Rational surface - Examples of rational surfaces

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Objects under version control in ClearCase are stored with their histories in repositories called VOBs (versioned object base). ClearCase's novelty was in its versioned file system (called MVFS: Multiversion File System), which can be used to mount VOBs as a virtual file system through a dynamic view, selecting a consistent set of versions and allowing for the production of derived objects. The dynamic view allows this to map to a Software Configuration. This was a departure from ...

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Rational ClearCase, Rational ClearCase - Views, Rational ClearCase - Configuration specifications, Rational ClearCase - MultiSite, Rational ClearCase - UCM, Rational ClearCase - Unique features

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The rationals are a dense subset of the real numbers: every real number has rational numbers arbitrarily close to it. A related property is that rational numbers are the only numbers with finite expressions of continued fraction. By virtue of their order, the rationals carry an order topology. The rational numbers also carry a subspace topology. The rational numbers form a metric space by using the metric , and this yields a third topology on . All three topologies coincide and turn the rationals into a topological field. The rational ...

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Rational number, Rational number - Arithmetic, Rational number - History, Rational number - Egyptian fractions, Rational number - Formal construction, Rational number - Properties, Rational number - Real numbers, Rational number - p-adic numbers

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Economic rationalism is economic policy without social moral consideration, or "the view that commercial activity ... represents a sphere of activity in which moral considerations, beyond the rule of business probity dictated by enlightened self-interest, have no role to play." (Quiggin 1997) As Margaret Thatcher famously said, "There is no such thing as society. There are individuals, and there are families." ...

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Economic rationalism, Economic rationalism - Criticism Of, Economic rationalism - Reference

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Another originality of ClearCase is its MultiSite extension. In this model, there is no real master database, but instead peer replicas, kept in-step in an asynchronous way (with close to no penalty to end-users). Since replicas are kept in sync in an asynchronous way, ClearCase must keep track of access so that multiple teams do not perform conflicting operations. The paradigm of mastership allows this. Specific data or metadata within a VOB have a property which specifies what particular replica is allowed to modify them. Thu ...

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Rational ClearCase, Rational ClearCase - Views, Rational ClearCase - Configuration specifications, Rational ClearCase - MultiSite, Rational ClearCase - UCM, Rational ClearCase - Unique features

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The Rational Recovery® program is based on the premise that the addict both desires and is capable of permanent, planned abstinence. However, the rational recovery program recognizes that the addict also wants to continue using. This ambivalence is the Rational Recovery definition of addiction. In order to defeat the addiction, Rational Recovery focuses on removing the ambivalence, and then combatting the internal "addictive voice" that suggests continuing to use. The specific techniques of Addictive Voice Recognition Technique® are concerned with demonstrating to the practition ...

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Rational Recovery, Rational Recovery - How the Rational Recovery Program Works

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