Rabindranath Tagore (IPA: /rə'bɪndrəˌnät tə'gôr/, /'täkur/; Bangla: রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর, transliteration: Robindronath Ţhakur; May 7, 1861 – August 7, 1941) was a Bengali poet, Brahmo (reformed Hindu) philosopher, artist, dramatist, musician, novelist, and songwriter who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913, becoming the first Asian Nobel laureate. Tagore, also known as Gurudev, revolutionized Bengali literature with such works as The Home and the Wor ...

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Rabindranath Tagore - Biography
Rabindranath Tagore - Early life Rabindranath Tagore - Life at Shelaidaha Rabindranath Tagore - Life at Santiniketan
Rabindranath Tagore - Literature
Rabindranath Tagore - Short stories Rabindranath Tagore - Drama Rabindranath Tagore - Poetry Rabindranath Tagore - Music Rabindranath Tagore - Novels
Rabindranath Tagore - Partial bibliography Rabindranath Tagore - Notes

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Rabindranath Tagore, Rabindranath Tagore - Biography, Rabindranath Tagore - Early life, Rabindranath Tagore - Life at Shelaidaha, Rabindranath Tagore - Life at Santiniketan, Rabindranath Tagore - Literature, Rabindranath Tagore - Short stories, Rabindranath Tagore - Drama, Rabindranath Tagore - Poetry, Rabindranath Tagore - Music, Rabindranath Tagore - Novels, Rabindranath Tagore - Partial bibliography, Rabindranath Tagore - Notes

Read more here: » Rabindranath Tagore: Encyclopedia II - Rabindranath Tagore - Literature

Rabindranath Tagore - Early life. Tagore was born in Jorasanko, Kolkata (Calcutta; Bangla: কলকাতা), the son of Debendranath Tagore and Sarada Devi. Debendranath Tagore formulated the Brahmo faith propagated by his friend, the reformer Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Debendranath became the central figure in Brahmo society after Ray's death, who was addressed out of respect by followers as maharishi.[1] He continued to lead the Adi Brahmo Shomaj until he died.^{See also:}

Rabindranath Tagore, Rabindranath Tagore - Biography, Rabindranath Tagore - Early life, Rabindranath Tagore - Life at Shelaidaha, Rabindranath Tagore - Life at Santiniketan, Rabindranath Tagore - Literature, Rabindranath Tagore - Short stories, Rabindranath Tagore - Drama, Rabindranath Tagore - Poetry, Rabindranath Tagore - Music, Rabindranath Tagore - Novels, Rabindranath Tagore - Partial bibliography, Rabindranath Tagore - Notes

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Bengali or Bangla (বাংলা Bāṇlā) is an Indo-Aryan language of South Asia that evolved as a successor to the Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit languages. Bengali is the English word for the name of the language and for its speakers; in Bengali, the language itself is called Bangla (pronounced: IPA: < ...

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Bengali language - Script Bengali language - Phonetics Bengali language - Phonology
Bengali language - Stress Bengali language - Intonation Bengali language - Vowel Length Bengali language - Consonant Clusters
Bengali language - Syntax Bengali language - Morphology
Bengali language - Nouns Bengali language - Verbs
Bengali language - Vocabulary Bengali language - Variation in dialects
Bengali language - Literary forms Bengali language - Regional variations Bengali language - Lexical variations
Bengali language - Bangla literature Bengali language - History
Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

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Poetry dominates Tagore's literary reputation, but he also wrote novels, essays, short stories, travelogues, and drama. In addition to these, he wrote numerous songs and composed music for all of them himself. Of Tagore's prose, perhaps most highly regarded are his short stories. He is credited with developing Bangla short story writing. His short stories are written in a prose that is rhythmic, ...

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Rabindranath Tagore, Rabindranath Tagore - Early life 1861–1901, Rabindranath Tagore - Late life 1901–1941, Rabindranath Tagore - Works, Rabindranath Tagore - Politics, Rabindranath Tagore - Impact, Rabindranath Tagore - Partial bibliography, Rabindranath Tagore - Notes

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For the purposes of consistent transliteration, the following Romanization scheme is used throughout this article along with other Wikipedia articles related to the Bengali language. The tables below correspond to the IPA transcriptions used above. Bengali language - Stress. Bangla words are virtually all trochaic; the primary stress falls on the initial syllable of the word, while secondary stress often falls on all odd-numbered syllables thereafter, giving strings such as [shô-ho-See also:

Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

Read more here: » Bengali language: Encyclopedia II - Bengali language - Phonology

Main article: Bengali grammar As a Head-Final language, Bangla follows Subject Object Verb word order, although word order variation is highly common. Bangla makes use of postpositions, instead of English-style prepositions. Determiners follow the noun, while numerals, adjectives, and possessors precede the noun. Yes-no questions do not require any change to the basic word order; instead, the low (L) tone of the final syllable in the utterance is replaced with a falling (HL) tone. Additionally optional particles (e.g. [-ki], [-na], etc.) are often encliticize ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

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There is no grammatical gender in Bangla. Adjectival morphology is light, while nouns and verbs are highly inflected. Bengali language - Nouns. Nouns and pronouns are inflected for case, including nominative, objective, genitive (possessive), and locative. The case marking pattern for each noun being inflected depends on the noun's degree of animacy. When a definite article such as -ţa (singular) or -gula (plural) is added, as in the table above, nouns are also inflected for number. Plural ver ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

Read more here: » Bengali language: Encyclopedia II - Bengali language - Morphology

The typical Bangla dictionary lists 75,000 separate words, of which 50,000 (67%) are considered tôtshôm (direct borrowings from Sanskrit), 21,100 (28%) are tôdbhôb (native Bangla vocabulary), and the rest being foreign (primarily English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Portuguese, and French) borrowings and indigenous (non-Bangla) words. However, these figures do not take into account the fact that a huge chunk of these words are archaic or highly technical, minimizing their actual usage. The vocabulary used in modern liter ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

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Dialectual differences in Bangla manifest themselves in three forms: standardized dialect vs. regional dialect, literary language vs. colloquial language and lexical influences. Bengali language - Literary forms. In Bangla, there exists what is known as Shadhubhasha (the elegant language; literally "language of sages"; also called Shuddhobhasha) and Choltibhasha (the current, or colloquial, language; literally "the current or running language"; also called Cholitobhasha or Ch ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

Read more here: » Bengali language: Encyclopedia II - Bengali language - Variation in dialects

The first evidence of Bangla literature is Charyapada or Charyageeti, buddhist hymns or dohas from the 8th century. Possibly the most prolific writer in Bangla is Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. Tagore dominated both the Bengali and Indian philosophical and literary scene for decades. His 2,000 Rabindrasangeets play a pivotal part in defining Bengali culture, both in West Bengal and Bangladesh. He is the author of the national anthems of both India and Bangladesh, both composed in Bangla. Other notable Bangla works of his are Gitanjali, a book of poems for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Litera ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

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Until the 18th century, Bangla did not have a well-documented grammar. Bangla existed as a collection of thousands of dialects. The first written Bangla grammar, Vocabolario em idioma Bengalla, e Portuguez dividido em duas partes, was written by Manoel da Assumpcam, a Portuguese missionary. Assumpcam wrote this grammar between 1734 and 1742 while he was serving in Bhawal. Nathaniel Brassey Halhed, a British grammarian, is credited as being the first to write a Bangla grammar using Bangla texts and letters for illustration: A Gramma ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

Read more here: » Bengali language: Encyclopedia II - Bengali language - History

Main article: Bengali script Bangla is written in the Bangla alphasyllabary (also called syllabic alphabet or abugida), a Brahmic script similar to the Devanagari alphasyllabary used for Hindi, Sanskrit, and many other Indic languages. The Bangla alphasyllabary is a cursive script with 12 vowel characters and 52 consonant characters. As in all alphasyllabaries, every consonant in the Bangla script can come with what is called an "embedded" or "inherent" vowel sound. For example, the simple letter ম can represent ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

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The phonemic inventory of Bangla consists of 29 consonants and 14 vowels, including the seven nasalized vowels. An approximate phonetic scheme is set out below in IPA. ...

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Bengali language, Bengali language - Script, Bengali language - Phonetics, Bengali language - Phonology, Bengali language - Stress, Bengali language - Intonation, Bengali language - Vowel Length, Bengali language - Consonant Clusters, Bengali language - Syntax, Bengali language - Morphology, Bengali language - Nouns, Bengali language - Verbs, Bengali language - Vocabulary, Bengali language - Variation in dialects, Bengali language - Literary forms, Bengali language - Regional variations, Bengali language - Lexical variations, Bengali language - Bangla literature, Bengali language - History, Bengali language - The Fight for Bangla

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Zemlinsky's best known work is probably the Lyric Symphony (1923), a seven movement work for orchestra, soprano and baritone soloists on poems by the Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore (in German translation), which Zemlinsky compared in a letter to his publisher to Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde. The work was an influence on Alban Berg's Lyric Suite, which quotes it and is dedicated to Zemlinsky. Other orchestral works include the symphonic poem Die Seejungfrau (The Mermaid), premiered in the same concert as ...

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Alexander von Zemlinsky, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Early Life, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Alma Mahler and in his later career, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Work, Alexander von Zemlinsky - List of selected Works, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Orchestral Works, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Operas, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Other Works for the stage, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Choral Works, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Voices and orchestra, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Songs for voice and piano, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Chamber Music, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Works for piano, Alexander von Zemlinsky - External link

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Alexander von Zemlinsky - Orchestral Works. Symphony (No. 1) for orchestra (1891, fragment) Symphony No.1 (No. 2) for orchestra (1892/1892) Suite for Orchestra (c.1895) Symphonie No.2 (No. 3) for orchestra (1897) Drei Ballettstücke. Suite from Der Triumph der Zeit for orchestra (1902) Die Seejungfrau (The Little Mermaid) for orchestra (1902/03, premiered in Vienna in 1905) Lyric Symphony for soprano, baritone and orchestra op.18 (after poems by Rabindranath Tagore) (1922/23) Sinfonietta ...

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Alexander von Zemlinsky, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Early Life, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Alma Mahler and in his later career, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Work, Alexander von Zemlinsky - List of selected Works, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Orchestral Works, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Operas, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Other Works for the stage, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Choral Works, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Voices and orchestra, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Songs for voice and piano, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Chamber Music, Alexander von Zemlinsky - Works for piano, Alexander von Zemlinsky - External link

Read more here: » Alexander von Zemlinsky: Encyclopedia II - Alexander von Zemlinsky - List of selected Works