Qin Shi Huang

Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Qin Shi Huang

Qin Shi Huang (秦始皇) (November/December 260 BC-September 10, 210 BC), personal name Zheng, was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BC to 221 BC, and then the first emperor of a unified China from 221 BC to 210 BC, ruling under the name First Emperor. Having unified China, he and his prime minister Li Si passed a series of major reforms aimed at cementing the unification, and they undertook some gargantuan construction projects, most notably the precursor version of the current Great Wall of China. For a ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia II - Qin Shi Huang - Qin Shi Huang in historiography In traditional Chinese historiography, the First Emperor was almost always portrayed as a brutal tyrant, superstitious (a result of his interest in immortality and assassination paranoia) and sometimes even as a mediocre ruler. Ideological prejudices against the Legalist State of Qin were established as early as 266 BC, when Confucian philosopher Xun Zi compared it to barbarian tribes and wrote "Qin has the heart of a tiger or a wolf … [and is ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Qin Er Shi

Qin Er Shi (229 BC - beginning October 207 BC), literally Second Emperor of Qin Dynasty, personal name Huhai, was emperor of the Qin Dynasty in China from 210 BC until 207 BC. Qin Er Shi was the son of Qin Shi Huang (the First Emperor of Qin), but he was not the original crown prince. In 210 BC, he accompanied his father on a trip to Eastern China, during which trip his father died suddenly. Under the advice of the chief eunuch Zhao Gao and prime minister Li Si, he forged a fake decree of his father, which ordered his brother, the heir Fusu, to com ...

Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Wu Guang

Wu Guang (Traditional Chinese: 吳廣) (d. 209 BC or 208 BC (around the new year)) was a leader of the first rebellion against Qin Dynasty during the reign of Qin Er Shi, following the death of Qin Shi Huang. Less is known about him than Chen Sheng. Wu Guang was born in Yangxia (陽夏, in modern Zhoukou, Henan). In 209 BC, he was a military captain along with Chen Sheng when the two of them were ordered to lead 900 soldiers to Yuyang (漁陽, in modern Beijing) to help defend the northern border against Xiongnu. Due to storms, ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Zhao Gao

Zhao Gao 趙高 (died end of October 207 BC) was the chief eunuch during the Qin Dynasty of China, who played an instrumental role in the downfall of the Qin Dynasty. Note that although he is referred to as a eunuch, he was not castrated - he was born with a sexual disability. During the reign of the First Emperor, Qin Shi Huang, Zhao was involved in the death of Marshal Meng Tian and his younger brother Meng Yi at the death of Qin Si Huang when Meng Tian was stationed at the northern border commanding more than 100,000 troops for the inconclusive Huns campaign. Meng was a reputable general and a faithful sup ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Emperor of China

The emperor or huángdì (皇帝) of China was the head of government and head of state of China from the Qin dynasty in 221 BC until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911. The pre-Qin heads of the government were called wang (roughly translated as King). Before Qin Shi Huang, the characters huang ("godking") and di ("sage king") were used separately and never consecutively (See Three Huang and five Di). After the Han dynasty, huangdi began to be abbreviated to huang or di -- the ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Chen Sheng

Chen Sheng (Traditional Chinese: 陳勝) (d. 209 BC or 208 BC (around the new year)) was the leader of the first rebellion against Qin Dynasty during the reign of Qin Er Shi, following the death of Qin Shi Huang. Chen Sheng - Start of the rebellion. Chen Sheng was born in Yangcheng (陽城, in modern Dengfeng, Henan). In 209 BC, he was a military captain along with Wu Guang when the two of them were ordered to lead 900 soldiers to Yuyang (漁陽, in modern Beijing) to help defend the northern border ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - 221 BC

Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC - 220s BC - 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC Years: 226 BC 225 BC 224 BC 223 BC 222 BC - 221 BC - 220 BC 219 BC 218 BC 217 BC Events State of Qin conquered the state of Qi. The king of Qin unifed China and proclaimed himself First Emperor, as he was the first Chinese sovereign able to rule the whole country. He is known by historians as Qin Shi Huang. Hannib ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Corvée

Corvée, or corvée labor, is an administrative practice primarily found in feudal societies: it is a type of annual tax that is payable as labor by the serf or villein for the monarch, vassal, overlord or lord of the manor. It was used to complete royal projects, to maintain roads and other public facilities, and to provide labour to maintain the feudal estate. Imperial China also had a system of conscripting labour from the public, equated to the western corvée by many historians. Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor, imp ...

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Corvée - Egyptian corvée history

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Chen Daoming

Chen Daoming (陈道明; pinyin: Chén Dǎomíng) (born April 26, 1955) is a Chinese actor. He was born in Tianjin, China, and is a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. His first famous role was in playing China's last Emperor Puyi in the Chinese series Emperor of the Last Generation (末代皇帝). He's perhaps best known in the West with his role as the Emperor Qin Shi Huang in the blockbuster hit Hero. In addition to films, Chen is very famous on Mainland China with his many roles in Chinese TV series. He is known for his ability to adapt to his roles, from historical t ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - 210 BC

Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 215 BC 214 BC 213 BC 212 BC 211 BC - 210 BC - 209 BC 208 BC 207 BC 206 BC 205 BC Events Second Punic War: Hannibal destroys a Roman army under the command of Fulvius Centumalus in the Second Battle of Herdoinia, Centumalus was killed. Hannibal defeats Marcus Claudius Marcellus once more in the Batt ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Xianyang

Xianyang (Simplified: 咸阳; Traditional: 咸陽; Hanyu Pinyin: Xiányáng) was the capital of the state of Qin during the Warring States Period in Chinese history, and remained to be capital during the short-lived Qin Dynasty. It was located in the modern day Shaanxi province on the northern bank of the Wei River, on the opposite side of which Liu Bang would later build the Han Dynasty capital of Chang'an once he became emperor. The city site was located a few km away ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Commandry

Commandry (British English), or commandery (American English), was the smallest division of the European landed estate or manor under the control of a commendator, or commander, of an order of knights. The word is also applied to the emoluments granted to a commander of a military order of knights. The word came from French commanderie, from medieval Latin commendaria, meaning "a tru ...

Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Xiang Yu

Xiang Yu (Traditional:項羽; Simplified: 项羽; Wade-Giles: Hsiang Yü; pinyin: Xiàng Yǚ; 232 BC - 202 BC) was a prominent general during the fall of the Qin Dynasty. His name was Ji (籍), Yu was his courtesy name. He was a descendant of Chu nobility. A great general, it took him only several years to put a giant empire effectively at his whim -- but no diplomat or statesman, his impetuous nature and inability to realize his shortcomings doomed him to failure. He is commonly known by his self-styled title of Xichu Bawang ( ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - 3rd century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 3rd century BC - Events. The first two Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome over dominance in western Mediterranean Rome conquers Spain Gaulish migration to Macedon, Thrace and Galatia 281 BC Antiochus I Soter, on the assassination of his father Seleucus becomes emperor of the Seleucid empire. 273 BC to 252 BC Ashoka the Great ruled the Mauryan Empire 261 BC Antiochus II Theos, 2nd son, at the death o ...

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Qin Shi Huang: Encyclopedia - Chinese nobility

Although formally The Son of Heaven, the power of the emperor varied between different emperors and different dynasties, with some emperors being absolute rulers and others being figureheads with actual power in the hands of court factions, eunuchs, the bureaucracy or noble families. In addition, royal or official titles from one dynasty generally were not carried over to the next dynasty. The title of emperor was transmitted from father to son. Usually the first-born son of the queen inherited the office, but this rule was not univer ...

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