Argo Navis (or simply Argo) was a large southern constellation representing the Argo, the ship used by Jason and the Argonauts in Greek mythology. The abbreviation was "Arg" and the genitive was "Argūs". It is the only one of Ptolemy's list of 48 constellations that is no longer officially recognised as a constellation, having been broken up by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille into Carina (the keel of the ship), Puppis (the poop) and Vela (the sails). Were it still considered a single constellation, it woul ...

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51 BC - Events. Roman Republic Consuls: Marcus Claudius Marcellus and Servius Sulpicius Rufus Pompey demands that Julius Caesar lay down his command before he can stand for consul Egypt Spring - Pharaoh Ptolemy XII dies and is succeeded by his eldest surviving daughter Cleopatra VII and her younger brother and co-ruler Ptolemy XIII China The Hsiung-nu split into two hordes. The Eastern horde is subject to China Including:

51 BC - Events 51 BC - Births 51 BC - Deaths

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In Greek mythology and history, Xanthus ("yellow"; also Xanthos) is the name of several individuals and creatures. Xanthus is the name of one of Achilles' horses; see Balius and Xanthos. Xanthus is one of the Mares of Diomedes. Xanthus is a son of Phaenops who was killed by Diomedes. Xanthus is the name of one of Hector's horses. Xanthus is the gods' name for Scamander. Xanthus was a Theban king, the son of Ptolemy. He was killed ...

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Capricornus ( or , Unicode: ♑), a name meaning "Horned Goat" or "That which has horns like a goat's" in Latin, is one of the constellations of the zodiac. It is commonly called Capricorn, especially in astrology. It is commonly called the sea-goat, as it is in an area of the sky known as the Sea. Capricornus is one of the 88 modern constellations, and was also one of the 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy. Under its modern boundaries it is bordered by Aquila, Sagittarius, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus and Aquarius. Including:

Capricornus - Notable features Capricornus - History Capricornus - Mythology
Capricornus - Astrology
Capricornus - Stars Capricornus - Stars with planets

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC Years: 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC - 312 BC - 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC Events In the Wars of the Diadochi, Ptolemy meets a force under Antigonus's son Demetrius at Gaza, where they fight an inconclusive battle. Ptolemy proceeds to invade Syria, but withdraws when Antigonus himself arrives with reinfor ...

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Ptolemy's definition: The Medium Coeli is the point which is upper square from ascendant, eg. zenith by modern astronomy vocabulary. Modern definition: The Midheaven or Medium Coeli is the point in space where the ecliptic crosses the Meridian (line of longitude) in the south on northern hemisphere (and the point in north in the southern hemisphere). Midheaven - In astrology. The Midheaven is one of the most important angles in the birth chart. It traditionally indicates ...

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Midheaven - In astrology

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Aquila (Latin for Eagle; sometimes named the Vulture), is one of the 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy, also mentioned by Eudoxus (4th cent. B.C.) and Aratus (3rd cent. B.C.). and now also part of the list of 88 constellations acknowledged by the IAU. It lies roughly at the celestial equator. The alpha star, Altair, is a vertex of the so-called "Summer Triangle". Ptolemy catalogued nineteen stars jointly in this constellation and in the constellation Antinous, which was named in the reign of the emperor H ...

Including:

Aquila constellation - Notable features Aquila constellation - Notable deep-sky objects Aquila constellation - History Aquila constellation - Mythology Aquila constellation - Notable and named stars

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Aristeas was an Alexandrian Jew who lived in the era of the later Ptolemies, approximately the second or third century BC. He is remembered for his letter from Aristas in which is described in legendary form the origin of the Greek translation of the Old Testament known as the Septuagint. Although the account is in no way authentic, it does present some useful insights on Egyptian and Palestinian affairs of the period. Category: Egyptian writers ...

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Arsinoe. Arsinoe of Macedonia, mother of Ptolemy I Soter Arsinoe I of Egypt Arsinoe II of Egypt Arsinoe III of Egypt Arsinoe IV of Egypt Arsinoe of Greek mythology: Orestes' nurse; mother of Asclepius Arsinoe, Egypt town of Famagusta on Cyprus Other related archivesArsinoe, Arsinoe I of Egypt, Arsinoe II of Egypt, Arsinoe III of Egypt, Arsinoe IV of Egypt, Arsinoe of Macedonia, Arsin

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Zenodotus, Greek grammarian and critic, pupil of Philetas of Cos, was a native of Ephesus. He lived during the reigns of the first two Ptolemies, and was at the height of his reputation about 280 BC. He was the first superintendent of the library at Alexandria and the first critical editor (Sto/ottoTijs) of Homer. His colleagues in the librarianship were Alexander of Aetolia and Lycophron of Chalcis, to whom were allotted the tragic and comic writers respectively, Homer a ...

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The Royal Library of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt was once the largest in the world. It is generally assumed to have been founded at the beginning of the 3rd century BC, during the reign of Ptolemy II of Egypt, after Ptolemy's father had raised what would become the first part of the library complex, the temple of the Muses—the Musaeum (whence we get museum). At its peak, the Royal Library is believed to have held anywhere between 40,000 to 700,000 books and was initially organized by Demetrius Phalereus. It ...

Including:

Library of Alexandria - Overview
Library of Alexandria - Evidence for the existence of the Library after Caesar Library of Alexandria - Destruction of the pagan temples by Theophilus Library of Alexandria - Conclusions
Library of Alexandria - Other libraries of the ancient world Library of Alexandria - The Library in Modern Fiction

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When Alexander died in 323, Ptolemy is said to have instigated the resettlement of the empire made at Babylon. He was now appointed satrap of Egypt, under the nominal kings Philip Arrhidaeus and the infant Alexander IV; the former satrap, the Greek Cleomenes, stayed on as his deputy. He quickly moved, without authorization, to subjugate Cyrenaica. By custom, kings in Macedonia asserted their right to the throne by burying their predecessor. Probably because he wanted to pre-empt Perdiccas, the imperial regent, from staking his claim i ...

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Ptolemy I Soter, Ptolemy I Soter - Successor of Alexander, Ptolemy I Soter - Notes

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Around 116 BC an interesting incident that had happened in Egypt was reported by Posidonius (ca. 135 BC - 51 BC (also spelled Poseidonius), and later recorded by Strabo. We are told that a shipwrecked Indian sailor was discovered, half-dead, by coast guards on the Red Sea, and was brought to the Egyptian King Physkon (also known as Physcon or Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II) during 118 BC. The sailor said he was the sole survivor of a ship that had sailed from India. The sailor promised to guide any of the King’s navigators on a voyage to India. So a Greek sailor, Eudoxus of Kyzicus (himself a ...

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Indian Ancient Maritime History, Indian Ancient Maritime History - Alexander, Indian Ancient Maritime History - Mauryan Empire, Indian Ancient Maritime History - References in Bible, Indian Ancient Maritime History - House of Ptolemy, Indian Ancient Maritime History - Roman connection, Indian Ancient Maritime History - Journeys to the East and later centuries, Indian Ancient Maritime History - Additional Reading

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In 30 BC, following the death of Cleopatra, Egypt became part of the Roman Empire as the province Aegyptus, governed by a prefect selected by the Emperor from the Equestrian and not a governor from the Senatorial order, to prevent interference by the Roman Senate. The main Roman interest in Egypt was always the reliable delivery of grain to the city of Rome. To this end the Roman administration made no change to the Ptolemaic system of government, although Romans replaced Greeks in the highest offices. But Greeks continued to staff most of t ...

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History of Greek and Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemaic Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy I, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy II, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy III, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The decline of the Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The later Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman rule in Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Christian Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Byzantine Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Persian and Arab Conquests

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The first accounts of the Seres, of disputed authenticity, seem to be those by the Greek historian Ctesias in the 5th century BCE, in which he refers to them as "people of portentous stature and longevity." Seres - Strabo circa 20 CE. The Greek geographer Strabo mentioned the Seres in his "Geographia", written early in the 1st century, in two passages. He also alludes to the longevity of the Seres, said to exceed two hundred years, and quotes from "some writers": "Onesicritus ... expatiates ...

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Seres, Seres - Classical accounts, Seres - Strabo circa 20 CE, Seres - Pomponius Mela 50 CE, Seres - Pliny the Elder, Seres - Ptolemy ca 150 CE

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Egypt's cultural contributions have included great works of science dating from antiquity to modern times. Culture of Egypt - Ptolemy. Ptolemy is one of the most famous scientists associated with Egypt. Although he was born in Greece, he is famous for his work in Alexandria. Born Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαίος; c. 85 – c. 165),he was a Greek geographer, astronomer, and astrologer. He is consi ...

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Culture of Egypt, Culture of Egypt - Language, Culture of Egypt - Literature, Culture of Egypt - Religion, Culture of Egypt - Visual art, Culture of Egypt - Egyptian art in antiquity, Culture of Egypt - Egyptian art in modern times, Culture of Egypt - Science, Culture of Egypt - Ptolemy, Culture of Egypt - Eratosthenes, Culture of Egypt - Library of Alexandria, Culture of Egypt - Ahmed Hasan Zewail, Culture of Egypt - Egyptology, Culture of Egypt - Music and dance, Culture of Egypt - Cuisine

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Sarmatians - Herodotus. Herodotus (4.21) in the 5th century BC placed the Sarmatians of which he knew on the eastern boundary of Scythia beyond the Tanais (Don) on a treeless steppe. Those Sarmatians, being in the early Iranian range of south Russia, were probably Iranian people akin to the Scythians/Saka. The numerous Iranian personal names in the Greek inscriptions from the Black Sea Coast indicate that the Sarmatians there spoke a north-eastern Iranian d ...

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Sarmatians, Sarmatians - Name, Sarmatians - History, Sarmatians - Herodotus, Sarmatians - Strabo, Sarmatians - Tacitus, Sarmatians - Pliny the elder, Sarmatians - Pausanias, Sarmatians - Pontic inscriptions, Sarmatians - Ptolemy, Sarmatians - Ammianus Marcellinus, Sarmatians - End, Sarmatians - Sarmatian tribes, Sarmatians - Archaeology and ethnology, Sarmatians - The Polish idea of Sarmatians, Sarmatians - Recent research, Sarmatians - Trivia

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Most of what is known about Hipparchus' text comes from two ancient sources: Ptolemy and Pappus. The work is also mentioned by Theon of Smyrna and others, but their accounts have proven less useful in reconstructing the procedures of Hipparchus. Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Ptolemy. In Almagest V, 11, Ptolemy writes: Now Hipparchus made such an examination principally from the sun. Since from other properties of the sun and moon (of which a study wlil be made below) it follows th ...

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Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Sources, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Ptolemy, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Pappus of Alexandria, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Modern Reconstructions, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Hultsch, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Book 2 reconstruction Swerdlow, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Book 1 reconstruction Toomer, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Conclusion, Hipparchus On Sizes and Distances - Works cited

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Parama Kamboja - Kamboja. In Arjuna's Digvijaya compaign against the tribes of north, in the direction presided over by the lord of treasures, Pandava hero Arjuna reduces the Bahlika (north-west Punjab) country, and then meets the Daradas (Gilgit) and the Kambojas (Paropamisadae to Rajauri) and obtains tribute from them (MBH II.27/22-23) tatah.parama.vikranto Bahlikan.kurunandanah || II.27.22|| .................................................................... Daradan.saha ...

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Parama Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Mahabharata Evidence, Parama Kamboja - Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Further References to Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Etymology of Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - More evidence on two Kamboj settlements, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Dasam-Granth, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Ptolemy, Parama Kamboja - Epilogue

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In 332 BC Alexander the Great, King of Macedon, conquered Egypt, with little resistance from the Persians. He was welcomed by the Egyptians as a deliverer. He visited Memphis, and went on pilgrimage to the oracle of Amun at the Oasis of Siwa. The oracle declared him to be the son of Amun. He conciliated the Egyptians by the respect which he showed for their religion, but he appointed Greeks to virtually all the senior posts in the country, and founded a new Greek city, Alexandria, to be the new capital. The wealth of Egypt could now be harnessed for Alexander's conquest of the Persian Empire. Early in ...

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History of Greek and Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemaic Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy I, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy II, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy III, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The decline of the Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The later Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman rule in Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Christian Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Byzantine Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Persian and Arab Conquests

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The Persian occupation of Egypt, beginning in 619 or 618, was one of the triumphs in the last Sasanian war against Byzantium. Khosrow II Parvêz, of the revived Persian Empire had begun this war in retaliation for the assassination of the emperor Mauricius (582-602) and had achieved a series of early successes, culminating in the conquests of Jerusalem (614) and Alexandria (619). A Byzantine counteroffensive launched by Heraclius in spring 622 shifted the advantage, however, and the war was brought to an end by the fall of Khosrow on 25 Febr ...

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History of Greek and Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemaic Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy I, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy II, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy III, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The decline of the Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The later Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman rule in Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Christian Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Byzantine Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Persian and Arab Conquests

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