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Ptolemy: Encyclopedia - Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος; ca. 100 – ca. 178), known in English as Ptolemy, was an ancient geo...
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Ptolemy: Encyclopedia Ii - Ptolemy - Ptolemy And Astrology
Ptolemy's treatise on astrology, the Tetrabiblos, was the most popular astrological work of antiquity and also enjoyed great influence in...
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Ptolemy: Encyclopedia Ii - Ptolemy - Ptolemy And Astrology
Ptolemy's treatise on astrology, the Tetrabiblos, was the most popular astrological work of antiquity and also enjoyed great influence in...
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Clime: Encyclopedia Ii - Clime - Ptolemy
Ptolemy gives a list of parallels, starting with the equator, and proceeding north at intervals, chosen so that the longest day (summer s...
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Ptolemy: Encyclopedia Ii - Ptolemy - Geographia
Ptolemy's other main work is his Geographia. This too is a compilation of what was known about the world's geography in the Roman Empire ...
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Clime: Encyclopedia - Clime
The seven climes (klima, plural klimata, meaning "inclination", referring to the angle between the axis of the celestial sphere and the h...
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Celestial Mechanics: Encyclopedia - Celestial Mechanics
Celestial mechanics is a division of astronomy dealing with the motions and gravitational effects of celestial objects. The field applies...
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Culture Of Egypt: Encyclopedia - Culture Of Egypt
Life in
Egypt
The Culture of Egypt has five thousand years of recorded history. Ancient Egypt was among the earliest civilizations. For m...
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Chronology Of The Ancient Near East: Encyclopedia - Chronology Of The Ancient Near East
The Chronology of the Ancient Near East deals with the notoriously difficult task of assigning dates to various events, rulers and dynast...
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140: Encyclopedia - 140
140 - Events.
Pope Pius I succeeded Pope Hyginus.
Ptolemy completes his Almagest (approximate date).
Category: 140
...
Including:
14...
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Abnoba: Encyclopedia - Abnoba
In Celtic mythology, Abnoba was a forest and river goddess, worshipped in the Black Forest and surrounding areas. An altar at the Roman b...
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60 Bc: Encyclopedia - 60 Bc
60 BC - Events.
Gaius Julius Caesar suppressed an uprising and conquered all of Lusitania for Rome
Creation of the First Triumvirate, ...
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Coele-syria: Encyclopedia - Coele-syria
Coele-Syria, meaning 'hollow' Syria, was the region of southern Syria disputed between the Seleucid dynasty and the Ptolemaic dynasty. St...
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2nd Century: Encyclopedia - 2nd Century
2nd century - Significant persons.
Cai Lun, Chinese inventor
Galen, medical writer
Saint Irenaeus
Pliny the Younger
Plutarch
Ptolemy
T...
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Almagest: Encyclopedia - Almagest
Almagest is the Latin form of the Arabic name (al-kitabu-l-mijisti, i.e. "The Great Book") of an astronomical/astrological treatise propo...
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145 Bc: Encyclopedia - 145 Bc
Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC
Decades: 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC - 140s BC - 130s BC 120s BC ...
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62 Bc: Encyclopedia - 62 Bc
62 BC - Events.
January - The forces of the conspirator Catiline are defeated by the loyal Roman armies under Gaius Antonius in the Ba...
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61 Bc: Encyclopedia - 61 Bc
61 BC - Events.
September 29 - Pompey, the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithri...
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Vali: Encyclopedia - Vali
There are several Valis:
Vali (Ramayana)
Váli (son of Odin)
Váli (son of Loki)
Vali or Wali in Arabic, Turkish and other oriental lang...
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47 Bc: Encyclopedia - 47 Bc
47 BC - Events.
February - Roman general Julius Caesar and his ally Cleopatra VII of Egypt defeat the forces of the rival Egyptian Que...
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Argo Navis: Encyclopedia - Argo Navis
Argo Navis (or simply Argo) was a large southern constellation representing the Argo, the ship used by Jason and the Argonauts in Greek m...
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51 Bc: Encyclopedia - 51 Bc
51 BC - Events.
Roman Republic
Consuls: Marcus Claudius Marcellus and Servius Sulpicius Rufus
Pompey demands that Julius Caesar lay d...
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Xanthus: Encyclopedia - Xanthus
In Greek mythology and history, Xanthus ("yellow"; also Xanthos) is the name of several individuals and creatures.
Xanthus is the name o...
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Capricornus: Encyclopedia - Capricornus
Capricornus ( or , Unicode: ♑), a name meaning "Horned Goat" or "That which has horns like a goat's" in Latin, is one of the constellat...
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312 Bc: Encyclopedia - 312 Bc
Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC
Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s...
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Midheaven: Encyclopedia - Midheaven
Ptolemy's definition: The Medium Coeli is the point which is upper square from ascendant, eg. zenith by modern astronomy vocabulary.
Mode...
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Aquila Constellation: Encyclopedia - Aquila Constellation
Aquila (Latin for Eagle; sometimes named the Vulture), is one of the 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy, also mentioned by Eudoxus (4th ...
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Aristaeus Of Marmora: Encyclopedia - Aristaeus Of Marmora
Aristeas was an Alexandrian Jew who lived in the era of the later Ptolemies, approximately the second or third century BC.
He is remember...
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Arsinoe: Encyclopedia - Arsinoe
Arsinoe.
Arsinoe of Macedonia, mother of Ptolemy I Soter
Arsinoe I of Egypt
Arsinoe II of Egypt
Arsinoe III of Egypt
Arsinoe IV of Egyp...
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Zenodotus: Encyclopedia - Zenodotus
Zenodotus, Greek grammarian and critic, pupil of Philetas of Cos, was a native of Ephesus. He lived during the reigns of the first two Pt...
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Library Of Alexandria: Encyclopedia - Library Of Alexandria
The Royal Library of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt was once the largest in the world. It is generally assumed to have been founded at ...
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Ptolemy I Soter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ptolemy I Soter - Successor Of Alexander
When Alexander died in 323, Ptolemy is said to have instigated the resettlement of the empire made at Babylon. He was now appointed satra...
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Indian Ancient Maritime History: Encyclopedia Ii - Indian Ancient Maritime History - House Of Ptolemy
Around 116 BC an interesting incident that had happened in Egypt was reported by Posidonius (ca. 135 BC - 51 BC (also spelled Poseidonius...
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History Of Greek And Roman Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greek And Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt
In 30 BC, following the death of Cleopatra, Egypt became part of the Roman Empire as the province Aegyptus, governed by a prefect selecte...
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Seres: Encyclopedia Ii - Seres - Classical Accounts
The first accounts of the Seres, of disputed authenticity, seem to be those by the Greek historian Ctesias in the 5th century BCE, in whi...
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Culture Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of Egypt - Science
Egypt's cultural contributions have included great works of science dating from antiquity to modern times.
Culture of Egypt - Ptolemy. ...
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Sarmatians: Encyclopedia Ii - Sarmatians - History
Sarmatians - Herodotus.
Herodotus (4.21) in the 5th century BC placed the Sarmatians of which he knew on the eastern boundary of Scythi...
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Hipparchus On Sizes And Distances: Encyclopedia Ii - Hipparchus On Sizes And Distances - Sources
Most of what is known about Hipparchus' text comes from two ancient sources: Ptolemy and Pappus. The work is also mentioned by Theon of S...
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Parama Kamboja: Encyclopedia Ii - Parama Kamboja - Mahabharata Evidence
Parama Kamboja - Kamboja.
In Arjuna's Digvijaya compaign against the tribes of north, in the direction presided over by the lord of tre...
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History Of Greek And Roman Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greek And Roman Egypt - Ptolemaic Egypt
In 332 BC Alexander the Great, King of Macedon, conquered Egypt, with little resistance from the Persians. He was welcomed by the Egyptia...
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History Of Greek And Roman Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Greek And Roman Egypt - Persian And Arab Conquests
The Persian occupation of Egypt, beginning in 619 or 618, was one of the triumphs in the last Sasanian war against Byzantium. Khosrow II ...
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Sarmatians: Encyclopedia Ii - Sarmatians - Name
Not many serious linguists are willing to take on the name of the Sarmatians professionally, the main problem being the difference betwee...
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Nathaniel Bartimaeus Trilogy: Encyclopedia Ii - Nathaniel Bartimaeus Trilogy - Role In The Amulet Of Samarkand
In The Amulet of Samarkand, Nathaniel starts off as a young boy who, at the age of six, had been given up by his parents to apprenticeshi...
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Sarmatians: Encyclopedia Ii - Sarmatians - Sarmatian Tribes
Below is a list of tribes considered by some ancient writer respected as an authority to be among the people called Sarmatian, or to be i...
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Hipparchus On Sizes And Distances: Encyclopedia Ii - Hipparchus On Sizes And Distances - Modern Reconstructions
Several historians of science have attempted to reconstruct the calculations involved in On Sizes and Distances. The first attempt was ma...
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Parama Kamboja: Encyclopedia Ii - Parama Kamboja - Epilogue
The foregoing references sufficiently demonstrate that the Kambojas were living on either side of the Hindukush. The cis-Hindukush divisi...
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Indian Ancient Maritime History: Encyclopedia Ii - Indian Ancient Maritime History - Journeys To The East And Later Centuries
Amaury De Reincourt in his book, Soul Of India, records that "The brightest sun shining over Southeast Asia in the first centuries A.D. w...
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Hipparchus On Sizes And Distances: Encyclopedia Ii - Hipparchus On Sizes And Distances - Conclusion
Assuming that these reconstructions accurately reflect what Hipparchus wrote in On Sizes and Distances, then this work was a remarkable a...
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Sarmatians: Encyclopedia Ii - Sarmatians - Archaeology And Ethnology
There is an archaeology of the Alans, which has been labeled the archaeology of the Sarmatians. In 1947 B.N. Grakov defined a culture app...
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Sarmatians: Encyclopedia Ii - Sarmatians - Recent Research
In a recent excavation of Sarmatian sites by Dr. Jeannine Davis-Kimball, a tomb was found wherein female warriors were buried, thus lendi...
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Parama Kamboja: Encyclopedia Ii - Parama Kamboja - Etymology Of Parama-kamboja
The prefix Parama- can be interpretted in the sense of (1) Uttara or northern (2) beyond and (3) greater/supreme.
The Parama- with a sens...
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Parama Kamboja: Encyclopedia Ii - Parama Kamboja - More Evidence On Two Kamboj Settlements
Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Dasam-Granth.
While referring to the invasion of Alexander of Macedon, Dasasam Granth a seventeenth cent...
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Indian Ancient Maritime History: Encyclopedia Ii - Indian Ancient Maritime History - Roman Connection
Roman Emperor Augustus Caesar in 26 BC commissioned his prefect in Egypt, Aelius Gallus, to capture the port of Aden to attack the Ethiop...
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Chronology Of The Ancient Near East: Encyclopedia Ii - Chronology Of The Ancient Near East - Primary Sources
The chronology of this region is based on five sets of primary materials. They are, from the most recent to the earliest:
1. The Canon of...
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Culture Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of Egypt - Language
Main Article: Languages of Egypt
The Ancient Egyptian language, which formed a separate branch among the family of Afro-Asiatic languages...
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Kamboja Location: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamboja Location - Localization Of Kamboja
Kamboja Location - Linguistic evidence.
The most acceptable view is that the ancient Kambojas originally belonged to the 'Galcha' speak...
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Culture Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of Egypt -
Literature
Ancient Egyptian literature dates back to the Old Kingdom, in the third millennium BC. Religious literature is best known for its hymns t...
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Culture Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of Egypt - Religion
Ancient Egyptian religion was a polytheistic system that saw the world as in conflict between forces of order and chaos. The Pharaoh, rep...
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Celestial Mechanics: Encyclopedia Ii - Celestial Mechanics - History Of Celestial Mechanics
Although modern analytic celestial mechanics starts 400 years ago with Isaac Newton, prior studies addressing the problem of planetary po...
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Culture Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of Egypt - Visual Art
Culture of Egypt - Egyptian art in antiquity.
The Egyptians were one of the first major civilizations to codify design elements in art....
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Culture Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of Egypt - Music And Dance
Egyptian music is a rich mixture of indigenous, Arabic, African and Western influences.
As early as 4000 BC, ancient Egyptians were playi...
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Kamboja Location: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamboja Location - Kambojas: A Tribe Of Uttarapatha
Kamboja Location - Epic evidence.
It is important to note that in ancient literature and inscriptions, the Kambojas are mostly listed w...
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Kamboja Location: Encyclopedia Ii - Kamboja Location - Kamboja Versus Parama Kamboja
Ancient literary evidence shows that like the Kuru/Uttarakuru, Madra/Uttaramadra, China/Parama-China, Yona/Parama-Yona, there were also t...
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Celestial Mechanics: Encyclopedia Ii - Celestial Mechanics - Examples Of Problems
Celestial motion without additional forces such as thrust of a rocket, is governed by gravitational acceleration of masses due to other m...
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Mediocrity Principle: Encyclopedia Ii - Mediocrity Principle - The Earth Is A Not-very-exceptional Planet
The traditional formulation of the Copernican mediocrity principle is usually played out in the following way: Ancients once thought that...
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Precinct Of Amon-re: Encyclopedia Ii - Precinct Of Amon-re - Other Structures
Precinct of Amon-Re - Sacred Lake.
Precinct of Amon-Re - Temple of Ptah.
Precinct of Amon-Re - Temple of Ramesses III.
Precinct of...
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Precinct Of Amon-re: Encyclopedia Ii - Precinct Of Amon-re - East/west Axis
The main temple is laid out on an East/West axis, entered via a quay (now dry and several hundred metres from the Nile).
Precinct of Amo...
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Precinct Of Amon-re: Encyclopedia Ii - Precinct Of Amon-re - North/south Axis
This axis, with its massive pylons, heads off to the Precinct of Mut. Most of this area is off limits to tourists, as it is under active ...
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Canis Major: Encyclopedia Ii - Canis Major - Stars
Constellations listed by Ptolemy
Constellations changed by Augustin Royer in 1679
...
See also:Canis Major, Canis Major - Notable fea...
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Concurrent Computing: Encyclopedia Ii - Concurrent Computing - Coordinating Access To Resources
One of the major issues in concurrent computing is preventing concurrent processes from interfering with each other. For example, conside...
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Concurrent Computing: Encyclopedia Ii - Concurrent Computing - Concurrent Programming Languages
Concurrent programming languages are programming languages that use language constructs for concurrency. These constructs may involve mul...
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Constellation: Encyclopedia Ii - Constellation - History Of The Constellations
Our current list is based on those listed by the Roman astronomer, Claudius Ptolemy, who lived in Alexandria, Egypt. (Claudius Ptolemy, t...
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Michael Servetus: Encyclopedia Ii - Michael Servetus - Career
After his studies in medicine he started a medical practice. He became personal physician to Archbishop Palmier of Vienne, and was also p...
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Fra Mauro Map: Encyclopedia Ii - Fra Mauro Map - World Map
The Fra Mauro map is unusual in that its orientation is with the south at the top, one of the usual conventions of Muslim maps, in contra...
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Manetho: Encyclopedia Ii - Manetho - Life And Work
Although no sources for the dates of his life and death remain, his work is usually associated with the reigns of Ptolemy I Soter (323-28...
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Diatonic Genus: Encyclopedia Ii - Diatonic Genus - Tunings Of The Diatonic
The traditional Pythagorean tuning of the diatonic, also known as Ptolemy's "ditonic diatonic", has two identical 9/8 tones in succesion,...
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Battle Of Antioch 145 Bc: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Antioch 145 Bc - History
Alexander Balas became king of Syria and Pergamum containing the remnant of the Seleucid empire in 150 BC by defeating Demetrius Soter. A...
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Atlas: Encyclopedia Ii - Atlas - Atlases Throughout History
The earliest atlases were not called by that name at the time of their publication.
The first book that could be called an atlas was cons...
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Diadochi: Encyclopedia Ii - Diadochi - The Struggle Of Lysimachus And Seleucus 285-281 Bc
Although Lysimachus and Pyrrhus had cooperated in driving Antigonus Gonatas from Thessaly and Athens, in the wake of Demetrius's capture ...
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Canopus Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Canopus Egypt - Canopus Under Hellenistic Egypt
In Ptolemy Euergetes' ninth regnal year (239 BC), a great assembly of priests at Canopus passed an honorific decree (the "Decree of Canop...
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Real-time Computing: Encyclopedia Ii - Real-time Computing - Real Time And High Performance
Real-time computing is sometimes misunderstood to be high performance computing, but these examples illustrate that this is not the case....
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Real-time Computing: Encyclopedia Ii - Real-time Computing - History
The Saturn rocket had a 50 Hz hard coded loop.
Once when the C64 and later Motorola 68000 were popular, anybody could use his/her home co...
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Real-time Computing: Encyclopedia Ii - Real-time Computing - Hard And Soft Real Time Systems
A distinction can be made between those systems which will suffer a critical failure if time constraints are violated (hard or immediate ...
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Zanjan Province: Encyclopedia Ii - Zanjan Province - History
In Ptolemy's Geography, the city is referred to as Aganzana. It is said that the Sassanid king Ardashir I of Persia, reconstructed the ci...
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Cleopatra Vii Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Cleopatra Vii Of Egypt - Early Life And Name
"Cleopatra" is Greek for "father's glory," and her full name, "Cleopatra Thea Philopator" means "the Goddess Cleopatra, the Beloved of He...
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Colossus Of Rhodes: Encyclopedia Ii - Colossus Of Rhodes - The Decision To Erect The Statue
Alexander the Great died at an early age in 323 BC without having had time to put into place any plans for his succession. Infighting bro...
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Serpens: Encyclopedia Ii - Serpens - Mythology
Serpens is the snake being grasped by Ophiuchus, the Snake-Handler, and is thus very closely associated with it. Both were listed as cons...
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Streatham: Encyclopedia Ii - Streatham - History
Streatham means "the hamlet on the street". The street in question started as the Roman Road from the capital Londinium to an assumed Rom...
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Cleopatra Vii Of Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - Cleopatra Vii Of Egypt - The Race Debate
There is often a debate between Egyptologists and Afrocentric historians as to what race Cleopatra belonged to. Egyptologists say that Cl...
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Uttarakuru: Encyclopedia Ii - Uttarakuru - Foreign Sources On Uttarakuru
Ptolemy's Geography refers to Ottorokorai (Uttarakuru) tribe, Ottorokora as a city, and Ottorokoras as a river. The Ottorokora city is sh...
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Ophiuchus: Encyclopedia Ii - Ophiuchus - Astrology
In the 2nd century, Ptolemy listed 29 stars in Ophiuchus. He recognised that most of those stars were north of the ecliptic (the path of ...
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Chronology Of The Ancient Near East: Encyclopedia Ii - Chronology Of The Ancient Near East - Divergent Chronological Views
The divergent chronologies of Babylonia and Assyria can cause confusion for readers with no specialist knowledge. In this section an atte...
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Sino-roman Relations: Encyclopedia Ii - Sino-roman Relations - Preceding History
The rapid growth of Roman commerce with ancient China likely would not have been possible without two major preceding developments, first...
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Apis Egyptian Mythology: Encyclopedia Ii - Apis Egyptian Mythology - From Bull To Man
Under Ptolemy Soter, efforts were made to integrate Egyptian religion with that of their hellenic rulers. Ptolemy's policy was to find a ...
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Chronology Of The Ancient Near East: Encyclopedia Ii - Chronology Of The Ancient Near East - Synchronisms Between Assur And Babylon
The chronology of Babylon and Assur can be aligned by the list of wars and treaties between the two cities from the time of king Ashurban...
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Chronology Of The Ancient Near East: Encyclopedia Ii - Chronology Of The Ancient Near East - Synchronisms Between Mesopotamia And Egypt
It is possible that mutual influences existed between the Nile Valley and Mesopotamia since very early times. Some authorities believed t...
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Chronology Of The Ancient Near East: Encyclopedia Ii - Chronology Of The Ancient Near East - Synchronisms Between Mesopotamia And The Hittite Empire
The sack of Babylon by the Hittite king Mursilis I, which ended the reign of Samsu-Ditana, provides an anchor for the earliest dates in H...
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Chronology Of The Ancient Near East: Encyclopedia Ii - Chronology Of The Ancient Near East - Babylon And Assyria
The Chaldean king Nabonidus (reigned from 556 BC), who was more of an antiquarian than a politician, and spent his time in excavating the...
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Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus Consul Ad 32: Encyclopedia Ii - Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus Consul Ad 32 - Notable Relatives
Domitius' maternal aunts included Antonia Minor, Cleopatra Selene, Claudia Marcella Major, Claudia Marcella Minor. His maternal uncles in...
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Dictionary
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Alexandrian Library:
Spiritual
- Theosophy
Dictionary On Alexandrian Library
Alexandrian Library Begun by Ptolemy Soter (367?-283 BC), and zealously pursued by his successor Ptolemy Philadelphus. The two princip...
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