Energy psychology is not a specific field of study but rather refers generally to a collection of techniques and therapies that are often classed as alternative medicine. Energy psychology focuses on the interrelationship of emotion, behavior, psychopathology, and health through the electrical activity of the nervous system, acupuncture meridians, chakras, biofields, and morphogenetic fields. Energy psychology - Criticism. Like most forms of alternative medicine, the various techniques collectively k ...

Including:

Energy psychology - Criticism Energy psychology - Historical precursors to energy psychology Energy psychology - Modern schools of thought

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See also:

Psychology, Psychology - History, Psychology - Principles of psychology, Psychology - Mind and brain, Psychology - Schools of thought, Psychology - Scope of psychology, Psychology - Biological basis: the brain, Psychology - Information processing: the mind, Psychology - Change over time: development, Psychology - Interaction with others, Psychology - Study of animals in psychology, Psychology - Mental health, Psychology - Applied psychology, Psychology - Research methods, Psychology - Controlled experiments, Psychology - Correlational studies, Psychology - Longitudinal studies, Psychology - Neuropsychological methods, Psychology - Computational modeling, Psychology - Criticisms of psychology

Read more here: » Psychology: Encyclopedia II - Psychology - History

Psychology is an extremely broad field, encompassing many different approaches to the study of mental processes and behavior. Below are the major areas of inquiry that comprise psychology. A comprehensive list of the sub-fields and areas within psychology can be found at the list of psychological topics and List of psychology disciplines. Psychology - Biological basis: the brain. Main articles: Behavioral neuroscience, Cognitive neurosci ...

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Psychology, Psychology - History, Psychology - Principles of psychology, Psychology - Mind and brain, Psychology - Schools of thought, Psychology - Scope of psychology, Psychology - Biological basis: the brain, Psychology - Information processing: the mind, Psychology - Change over time: development, Psychology - Interaction with others, Psychology - Study of animals in psychology, Psychology - Mental health, Psychology - Applied psychology, Psychology - Research methods, Psychology - Controlled experiments, Psychology - Correlational studies, Psychology - Longitudinal studies, Psychology - Neuropsychological methods, Psychology - Computational modeling, Psychology - Criticisms of psychology

Read more here: » Psychology: Encyclopedia II - Psychology - Scope of psychology

Psychology (ancient Greek: psyche = "soul" or "mind", logos/-ology = "study of") is an academic and applied field involving the study of mind and behavior. "Psychology" also refers to the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity, including problems of individuals' daily lives and the treatment of mental illness. Psychology differs from sociology, anthropology, economics, and political science in part because it involves studying the mental processes and behavior of individuals (alone or i ...

Including:

Psychology - History Psychology - Principles of psychology
Psychology - Mind and brain Psychology - Schools of thought
Psychology - Scope of psychology
Psychology - Biological basis: the brain Psychology - Information processing: the mind Psychology - Change over time: development Psychology - Interaction with others Psychology - Study of animals in psychology Psychology - Mental health Psychology - Applied psychology
Psychology - Research methods
Psychology - Controlled experiments Psychology - Correlational studies Psychology - Longitudinal studies Psychology - Neuropsychological methods Psychology - Computational modeling
Psychology - Criticisms of psychology

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The Rorschach inkblot test is a method of psychological evaluation. It is a projective test associated with the Freudian school of thought. Psychologists use this test to try to probe the unconscious minds of their patients. Rorschach inkblot test - History. The Rorschach inkblot test was developed by Hermann Rorschach, a Swiss psychologist, in the early twentieth century. Rorschach was a proponent of Freudian psychoanalysis, which emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind. More recently, the test has bee ...

Including:

Rorschach inkblot test - History Rorschach inkblot test - Methods Rorschach inkblot test - Controversy

Read more here: » Rorschach inkblot test: Encyclopedia - Rorschach inkblot test

Timeline of psychology - 1900s. 1900 - Sigmund Freud published 'Interpretation of Dreams' marking the beginning of Psychoanalytic Thought. 1906 - The Journal of Abnormal Psychology was founded by Morton Prince. Timeline of psychology - 1910s. 1911 - Alfred Adler left Freud's Psychoanalytic Group to form his own school of thought, accusing Freud of overemphasizing sexuality and basing his theory on his own childhood. 1913 - Carl Jung departed ...

See also:

Timeline of psychology, Timeline of psychology - Nineteenth century, Timeline of psychology - 1840s, Timeline of psychology - 1850s, Timeline of psychology - 1860s, Timeline of psychology - 1870s, Timeline of psychology - 1880s, Timeline of psychology - 1890s, Timeline of psychology - Twentieth century, Timeline of psychology - 1900s, Timeline of psychology - 1910s, Timeline of psychology - 1920s, Timeline of psychology - 1940s, Timeline of psychology - 1950s, Timeline of psychology - 1960s, Timeline of psychology - 1970s, Timeline of psychology - 1980s, Timeline of psychology - 1990s, Timeline of psychology - Twenty First century, Timeline of psychology - References

Read more here: » Timeline of psychology: Encyclopedia II - Timeline of psychology - Twentieth century

Analytical Psychology distinguishes several psychological types or temperaments. Extrovert Introvert The attitude type could be thought of as the flow of libido (that is psychic energy, or qi). The Introvert's flow is inward to the subject and away from the object, ie. external relations. The Extrovert's is outward toward the object, ie. towards external relations and away from the inner, subjective w ...

See also:

Analytical psychology, Analytical psychology - Assumptions, Analytical psychology - Psychological types, Analytical psychology - Post-Jung, Analytical psychology - Classical school, Analytical psychology - Developmental school, Analytical psychology - Archetypal school

Read more here: » Analytical psychology: Encyclopedia II - Analytical psychology - Psychological types

The humanistic approach has its roots in existentialist thought (see Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Sartre). It is also sometimes understood within the concept of the three different forces of psychology; behaviorism, psychoanalysis and humanism. The "First Force" grew out of Ivan Pavlov's work with the conditioned reflex, and laid the foundations for academic psychology in the United States associated with the names of Watson and Skinner. This school was later called the science of behavior. Abraham Maslow later gave behaviorism the ...

See also:

Humanistic psychology, Humanistic psychology - The development of the field, Humanistic psychology - Epistemology, Humanistic psychology - Counselling and therapy, Humanistic psychology - Criticism and debate, Humanistic psychology - Also see

Read more here: » Humanistic psychology: Encyclopedia II - Humanistic psychology - The development of the field

Profeminism refers to a school of thought developed by men that supports the feminist analysis of patriarchy as a system that privileges men over women, and also men over other men. A profeminist analysis of patriarchy acknowledges that gender interacts with other dimensions such as ethnicity, power and social class. Patriarchy is seen as a hegemonic gender order imposed through individual, collective and institutional behaviours. Patriarchy as an embodied set of beliefs about the 'natural' gender order (frequently backed up by notion ...

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Patriarchy, Patriarchy - In anthropology, Patriarchy - In gender studies, Patriarchy - Feminist view, Patriarchy - Profeminism and patriarchy, Patriarchy - In psychology, Patriarchy - Literature

Read more here: » Patriarchy: Encyclopedia II - Patriarchy - Profeminism and patriarchy

Most psychotherapies are either direct descendants of psychoanalysis, or their founders started out in areas of psychoanalysis before developing their own theories. Therefore, when describing the history of psychotherapy, most traditionally start with Freud. Psychotherapy - Psychoanalysis. Although there are some bodies of thought in psychology without Sigmund Freud in their legacy, most can be traced back to his work starting in the 1880s in Vienna. Trained as a neurologist, Freud began noticing neurologi ...

See also:

Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy - General description, Psychotherapy - History, Psychotherapy - Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapy - Cognitive, Psychotherapy - Humanistic, Psychotherapy - Behavioral, Psychotherapy - Brief counseling, Psychotherapy - Schools and approaches, Psychotherapy - Therapeutic Relationship, Psychotherapy - Criticism, Psychotherapy - Related lists

Read more here: » Psychotherapy: Encyclopedia II - Psychotherapy - History

The thought of Friedrich Nietzsche underlies much 20th century analysis of power. Nietzsche disseminated ideas on the "will to power," which he saw as the domination of other humans as much as the exercise of control over one's environment. Some schools of psychology, notably that associated with Alfred Adler, place power dynamics at the core of their theory (where orthodox Freudians might place sexuality). ...

See also:

Power sociology, Power sociology - Analysis and operation of power, Power sociology - Types and sources of power, Power sociology - Theories of power, Power sociology - A rational choice framework, Power sociology - Marxism, Power sociology - Feminism, Power sociology - Foucault, Power sociology - Lukes, Power sociology - Toffler, Power sociology - Unmarked categories, Power sociology - Representation/Counterpower, Power sociology - Power by order, Power sociology - Sources

Read more here: » Power sociology: Encyclopedia II - Power sociology - Theories of power

Pro-feminism refers to a school of thought developed by men that supports the feminist analysis of patriarchy as a system that privileges men over women, and also men over other men. A pro-feminist analysis of patriarchy acknowledges that gender interacts with other dimensions such as ethnicity, power and social class. Patriarchy is seen as a hegemonic gender order imposed through individual, collective and institutional behaviours. Patriarchy as an embodied set of beliefs about the 'natural' gender order (frequently backed up by noti ...

See also:

Patriarchy, Patriarchy - In anthropology, Patriarchy - In gender studies, Patriarchy - Feminist view, Patriarchy - Pro-feminism and patriarchy, Patriarchy - In psychology, Patriarchy - Literature

Read more here: » Patriarchy: Encyclopedia II - Patriarchy - Pro-feminism and patriarchy

Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1900s. 1900 - Sigmund Freud published 'Interpretation of Dreams' marking the beginning of Psychoanalytic Thought. 1906 - The Journal of Abnormal Psychology was founded by Morton Prince. Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1910s. 1911 - Alfred Adler left Freud's Psychoanalytic Group to form his own school of thought, accusing Freud of overemphasizing sexuality and basing his theory on his own childhood. 191 ...

See also:

Timeline of Psychotherapy history, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - Nineteenth century, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1880s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1890s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - Twentieth century, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1900s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1910s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1920s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1940s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1950s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1960s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1980s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - 1990s, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - Twenty First century, Timeline of Psychotherapy history - References

Read more here: » Timeline of Psychotherapy history: Encyclopedia II - Timeline of Psychotherapy history - Twentieth century

There are many schools of thoughts and tools that are related to Change Management. Most of them converge into three principles: The constructivist paradigm, the systems approach and the quantum principle. The map is not the territory (The constructivist principle) Human beings create reality through language – this is what we call mental maps. Our mental maps are a product of the individual life experiences and are constantly reinforced by unconscious filters determining the information we process. No two mental maps are identical. Communication between people can be enhanced w ...

See also:

Change management, Change management - The psychology of change, Change management - Schools and Concepts of Change Management, Change management - Formula for Change, Change management - Management's role, Change management - Change management and organizational development, Change management - Change management in information technology, Change management - Change management in industrial plants

Read more here: » Change management: Encyclopedia II - Change management - Schools and Concepts of Change Management

The thought of Friedrich Nietzsche underlies much 20th century analysis of power. Nietzsche disseminated ideas on the "will to power," which he saw as the domination of other humans as much as the exercise of control over one's environment. Some schools of psychology, notably that associated with Alfred Adler, place power dynamics at the core of their theory (where orthodox Freudians might place sexuality). ...

See also:

Power sociology, Power sociology - Analysis and operation of power, Power sociology - Types and sources of power, Power sociology - Theories of power, Power sociology - A rational choice framework, Power sociology - Marxism, Power sociology - Feminism, Power sociology - Foucault, Power sociology - Lukes, Power sociology - Toffler, Power sociology - Unmarked Categories, Power sociology - Representation/Counterpower, Power sociology - Power by Order, Power sociology - Source, Power sociology - See Also

Read more here: » Power sociology: Encyclopedia II - Power sociology - Theories of power

Race and intelligence - Media portrayal. Media portrayal of many IQ-related topics, including race and intelligence research, was found in a 1987 study to be misrepresentative of opinion among scholars in relevant fields, including subfields of psychology, sociology, cognitive science, education, and genetics (Snyderman and Rothman 1988). Among these scholars (in 1987), 53% thought that the black-white gap was partially genetic and 17% thought that it was entirely environmental. (See below: Race and intelligence#Expert opinion) Ra ...

See also:

Race and intelligence, Race and intelligence - Background information, Race and intelligence - Basic concepts, Race and intelligence - History, Race and intelligence - Public controversy, Race and intelligence - Media portrayal, Race and intelligence - Utility of research and racism, Race and intelligence - Accusations of bias, Race and intelligence - Average test score gaps among races, Race and intelligence - Brain size employment tests and school achievement, Race and intelligence - Cultural or genetic explanation?, Race and intelligence - Introduction, Race and intelligence - Cultural explanations, Race and intelligence - Genetic explanations, Race and intelligence - Expert opinion, Race and intelligence - Significance of group IQ differences, Race and intelligence - Within societies, Race and intelligence - Between nations, Race and intelligence - For highly successful minorities, Race and intelligence - Policy implications, Race and intelligence - End material, Race and intelligence - Further reading, Race and intelligence - Notes, Race and intelligence - References, Race and intelligence - External links

Read more here: » Race and intelligence: Encyclopedia II - Race and intelligence - Public controversy

Race and intelligence - Media portrayal. Main article: Race and intelligence (Media portrayal) Media portrayal of many IQ-related topics, including race and intelligence research, was found in a 1987 study to be misrepresentative of opinion among scholars in relevant fields, including subfields of psychology, sociology, cognitive science, education, and genetics (Snyderman and Rothman 1988). Among these scholars (in 1987), 53% thought that ...

See also:

Race and intelligence, Race and intelligence - Background information, Race and intelligence - Basic concepts, Race and intelligence - History, Race and intelligence - Public controversy, Race and intelligence - Media portrayal, Race and intelligence - Utility of research and racism, Race and intelligence - Accusations of bias, Race and intelligence - Average test score gaps among races, Race and intelligence - World-wide scores, Race and intelligence - Brain size employment tests and school achievement, Race and intelligence - Cultural or genetic explanation?, Race and intelligence - Introduction, Race and intelligence - Cultural explanations, Race and intelligence - Genetic explanations, Race and intelligence - Expert opinion, Race and intelligence - Significance of group IQ differences, Race and intelligence - Within societies, Race and intelligence - Between nations, Race and intelligence - For highly successful minorities, Race and intelligence - Policy implications, Race and intelligence - End material, Race and intelligence - Further reading, Race and intelligence - Notes, Race and intelligence - References, Race and intelligence - External links

Read more here: » Race and intelligence: Encyclopedia II - Race and intelligence - Public controversy

Transpersonal Psychology / Transpersonal Counseling

A school of psychology that aims at integrating Western science and Eastern thought by moving beyond Humanistic Psychology and its focus on the self or ego. Its orientation is a holistic one that focuses on the integration of mind, body and spirit and has ultimate psychological growth and well-being as its goals.

(See also: Transpersonal Psychology/Counseling, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Nyaya (Sanskrit) The first of the six Darsanas or Hindu schools of philosophy. This school has been called the Analytic or Logical School; nevertheless the title of the school would rather mean synthesizing by way of analogy or apposite likenesses, and hence it could equally well be called the synthetic or constructive method of reasoning. Nyaya is applicable to its method of treating all subjects, physical and metaphysical, rather than to its aims. This school has entered thoroughly into the laws and processes of ratiocinative thought, and in consequence has worked out a formal system of reasoning which forms the Hindu standard of logic.

The Nyaya school draws a clear distinction between matter and spirit, and has developed a careful and ingenious system of psychology. It distinguishes between the jivatmans, which are virtually infinitely numerous and eternal, and paramatman, which is one only, the kosmic hierarch, and therefore the seat of eternal wisdom and, so far as its own hierarchy goes, the Isvara (lord) of all things therein. The Nyaya is said to have been founded by the sage Gautama or Gotama.

The Vaiseshika school, founded by the sage Kanada, considered a contemporary of this Gautama, is sometimes considered to be a branch of the Nyaya school because the two schools in their teachings supplement each other. The Vaiseshika is also called the Atomistic School, because it teaches the existence of a transient or illusory universe composed of aggregations of everlasting atoms or life-atoms, which are really but the vehicular expressions of the jivatmans of the Nyaya.

(See also: Nyaya, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary)

Quietists A type of religious mysticism which arose within the Roman Catholic Church in Italy and Spain during the latter half of the 17th century, especially in connection with a priest named Miguel de Molinos, who published his Spiritual Guide in Rome in 1675.

The book of this apparently simple and pious man shows how to attain a state of inward peace by withdrawal of the thoughts and desires from all earthly matters and fixing them in contemplation of what the aspirant conceives to be the divine and in prayer. This he regarded as the only essential, doctrine and ritual being of no consequence. His views won great popularity and he received high favors from the Pope; but they did not at all suit the purposes of those then in power. Molinos was condemned and imprisoned and a persecution instituted against Quietists in general.

Also used to denote other schools or sects of the same type, or to designate a particular attitude of mind or policy in which passive resignation is adopted. These Occidental Quietists of whatever affiliation represent what the hatha yogis are in India.

While there are certain aspects of distinctly commendable character in true Quietism, it is nevertheless still more true that Quietism of any sort is in a sense spiritual and intellectual somnolence, and therefore runs directly counter to the far higher spiritual precepts wherein man is enjoined to be as fully awake and as alive as possible in the world in which he lives in order that he may do his full duty to his fellows and to the world, the while cultivating the higher spiritual, intellectual, and psychological parts of his constitution.

(See also: Quietists, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)