By 1763, British North America included 19 British colonies and territories on the continent of North America. Increasing friction between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Thirteen Colonies lead to the American Revolutionary War (starting in 1775) and the formation of the United States of America in 1776. Later, most of British North America gradually consolidated into the Canadian Confederation under the British North America Act, beginning with the union of Lower Canada and Upper Canada into the united Province of Canada ...

Including:

• British North America - List of colonies in British North America in 1763
• British North America - BNA colonies after American Revoultion

Read more here: » British North America: Encyclopedia - British North America

Jim Jeffords (I) Vermont is a U.S. state located in New England. The state ranks 43rd in land area (9,250 square miles), and its population (608,827) ranks as the second smallest of the 50 states. As the only New England state with no coastline along the Atlantic Ocean, Vermont is noted mainly for the Green Mountains in the west and Lake Champlain in the northwest. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York to the west, and ...

Including:

• Vermont - Geography
• Vermont - History
• Vermont - Law and government
• Vermont - Politics
• Vermont - State government
• Vermont - Federal representation
• Vermont - Culture
• Vermont - Economy
• Vermont - Demographics
• Vermont - Population
• Vermont - Race and Sex
• Vermont - Rankings
• Vermont - Ethnicity
• Vermont - Religion
• Vermont - Important cities and towns
• Vermont - Education
• Vermont - Crime
• Vermont - State song and symbols
• Vermont - Sources and further reading

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The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first battles of the American Revolutionary War. They were fought on April 19, 1775 in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy (Arlington), and Cambridge. The battles marked the outbreak of open armed conflict between Great Britain and its thirteen colonies in the mainland of British North America. About 900 British Army regulars under Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith were ordered to capture military supplies that wer ...

Including:

• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Background
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Dartmouth's instructions and Gage's orders
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Successful patriot intelligence
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - The Militia are warned
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - British Army and Royal Marines move out
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - The battles
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Lexington
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Concord
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - The return march
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Aftermath
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Later historic images
• Battles of Lexington and Concord - Principle Source

Read more here: » Battles of Lexington and Concord: Encyclopedia - Battles of Lexington and Concord

The Thirteen Colonies were the 13 British colonies in North America, separately chartered and governed, that signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and formally broke with the Kingdom of Great Britain, leading to the American Revolutionary War and the establishment of the United States of America. Other British North American possessions—the former French colony of Quebec and the colonies of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island—remained loyal to the British Crown and much later were united as Canada. The colonies of East F ...

Including:

• Thirteen Colonies - The Thirteen Colonies
• Thirteen Colonies - Proprietary royal and charter colonies
• Thirteen Colonies - Other British colonies in North America and the Caribbean in 1776
• Thirteen Colonies - Future Canadian provinces
• Thirteen Colonies - Future American states
• Thirteen Colonies - Future independent countries
• Thirteen Colonies - Future British overseas territories
• Thirteen Colonies - Other

Read more here: » Thirteen Colonies: Encyclopedia - Thirteen Colonies

  New Brunswick: 26,220   Quebec: 17,420   Nova Scotia: 11,180   Ontario: 8,745   Prince Edward Island: 3,020   Acadians   Cajuns   Métis   Québécois The Acadians (French: Acadiens) are the original French settlers of parts of the northeastern region of North America comprising what is now the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. Although Acadians and Queb ...

Including:

• Acadian - History
• Acadian - Geography
• Acadian - Culture
• Acadian - Language
• Acadian - Legend
• Acadian - The Expulsion in literature
• Acadian - Notes

Read more here: » Acadian: Encyclopedia - Acadian

The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as "John Company", was a joint-stock company of investors, which was granted a Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intent to favour trade privileges in India. The Royal Charter effectively gave the newly created Honourable East India Company a monopoly on all trade in the East Indies. The Company transformed from a commercial trading venture to one which virtually ruled India as it acquired auxiliary governmental and military functions, until t ...

Including:

• British East India Company - Flags
• British East India Company - Impact
• British East India Company - History
• British East India Company - The foundation years
• British East India Company - Footholds in India
• British East India Company - Expansion
• British East India Company - The road to a complete monopoly
• British East India Company - The Basis of the Monopoly
• British East India Company - Regulation of the company's affairs
• British East India Company - The end
• British East India Company - East India Club
• British East India Company - Notes

Read more here: » British East India Company: Encyclopedia - British East India Company

Battles of Lexington and Concord - Lexington. As the British Army's advance troops under Pitcairn entered Lexington at sunrise on April 19, 1775, about 75 Lexington militiamen led by Captain John Parker had emerged from Buckman Tavern and waited on the village green watching them, and a number of spectators (somewhere between 40 and 100) watched from along the side of the road. Parker made a statement that is now engraved in stone at the site of the battle: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless ...

See also:

Battles of Lexington and Concord, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Background, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Dartmouth's instructions and Gage's orders, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Successful patriot intelligence, Battles of Lexington and Concord - The Militia are warned, Battles of Lexington and Concord - British Army and Royal Marines move out, Battles of Lexington and Concord - The battles, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Lexington, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Concord, Battles of Lexington and Concord - The return march, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Aftermath, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Later historic images, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Principle Source

Read more here: » Battles of Lexington and Concord: Encyclopedia II - Battles of Lexington and Concord - The battles

Contemporaneous documents almost always listed the colonies in geographical order, roughly from north to south, as follows (the division into three regions is a later construct of historians, though New England was always considered to be a distinct region): New England: Province of New Hampshire, later New Hampshire Province of Massachusetts Bay, later Massachusetts and Maine Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, later Rhode Island and Providence Plantations Connecticut Colony, l ...

See also:

Thirteen Colonies, Thirteen Colonies - The Thirteen Colonies, Thirteen Colonies - Proprietary royal and charter colonies, Thirteen Colonies - Other British colonies in North America and the Caribbean in 1776, Thirteen Colonies - Future Canadian provinces, Thirteen Colonies - Future American states, Thirteen Colonies - Future independent countries, Thirteen Colonies - Future British overseas territories, Thirteen Colonies - Other

Read more here: » Thirteen Colonies: Encyclopedia II - Thirteen Colonies - The Thirteen Colonies

Given the overlapping land patents that various colonial groups obtained from English kings and companies, and later consolidation of territory into the Thirteen Colonies, several pre-existing groups would later become directly involved in the history of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Virginia Company of Plymouth was granted land from the 38th parallel to the 45th as part of the Virginia Charter in 1606. The only settlement, the Popham Colony (at the mouth of the Kennebec River in present-day Maine) was abandoned 1608. Land south o ...

See also:

Massachusetts Bay Colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Previous nearby settlements, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Predecessor companies, Massachusetts Bay Colony - A Puritan colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - The seeds of democracy, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Later history, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Governors of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Read more here: » Massachusetts Bay Colony: Encyclopedia II - Massachusetts Bay Colony - Previous nearby settlements

During the 17th century, about 100 French families were established in Acadia. The Acadians avoided the disputes between the French and the British and became known as the "neutral French." They developed friendly relations with the aboriginal Mi'kmaq, learning their hunting and fishing techniques. The Acadians became British subjects when France ceded Acadia by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, and Acadia became known as Nova Scotia ("New Scotland"). When the French and Indian War began in 1754, the British government, doubting the neut ...

See also:

Acadian, Acadian - History, Acadian - Geography, Acadian - Culture, Acadian - Language, Acadian - Legend, Acadian - The Expulsion in literature, Acadian - Notes

Read more here: » Acadian: Encyclopedia II - Acadian - History

The Thirteen Colonies which formed the United States: Connecticut Colony Delaware Colony Province of Georgia Province of Maryland Province of Massachusetts Bay (including present-day Maine) Province of New Hampshire (permanently separated from Massachusetts Bay in 1691) Province of New York Province of New Jersey Province of North Carolina Province of Pennsylvania Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plan ...

See also:

British North America, British North America - List of colonies in British North America in 1763, British North America - BNA colonies after American Revoultion

Read more here: » British North America: Encyclopedia II - British North America - List of colonies in British North America in 1763

British East India Company - The foundation years. The Company was founded as The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies by a coterie of enterprising and influential businessmen, who obtained the Crown's charter for exclusive permission to trade in the East Indies for a period of fifteen years. The Company had 125 shareholders, and a capital of £72,000. Initially, however, it made little impression on the Dutch control of the spice trade and at first it could not establis ...

See also:

British East India Company, British East India Company - Flags, British East India Company - Impact, British East India Company - History, British East India Company - The foundation years, British East India Company - Footholds in India, British East India Company - Expansion, British East India Company - The road to a complete monopoly, British East India Company - The Basis of the Monopoly, British East India Company - Regulation of the company's affairs, British East India Company - The end, British East India Company - East India Club, British East India Company - Notes

Read more here: » British East India Company: Encyclopedia II - British East India Company - History

Battles of Lexington and Concord - Lexington. As the British Army's advance troops under Pitcairn entered Lexington at sunrise on April 19, 1775, about 75 Lexington militiamen led by Captain John Parker had emerged from Buckman Tavern and waited on the village green watching them, and a number of spectators (somewhere between 40 and 100) watched from along the side of the road. Parker made a statement that is now engraved in stone at the site of the battle: "Stand your ground; don't fire unless ...

See also:

Battles of Lexington and Concord, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Background, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Dartmouth's instructions and Gage's orders, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Successful patriot intelligence, Battles of Lexington and Concord - The Militia are warned, Battles of Lexington and Concord - British Army and Royal Marines move out, Battles of Lexington and Concord - The battles, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Lexington, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Concord, Battles of Lexington and Concord - The return march, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Aftermath, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Later historic images, Battles of Lexington and Concord - Principal Source

Read more here: » Battles of Lexington and Concord: Encyclopedia II - Battles of Lexington and Concord - The battles

The end of the war brought new settlers to Vermont. A fort at Crown Point had been built, and the Crown Point Military Road stretched from the east to the west of the Vermont wilderness from Springfield to Chimney Point, making traveling from the neighboring British colonies easier than ever before. Three colonies laid claim to the area. The Province of Massachusetts Bay claimed the land on the basis of the 1629 charter of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Province of New York claimed Vermont based on land granted to the Duke of York (later ...

See also:

History of Vermont, History of Vermont - Early history, History of Vermont - European settlement, History of Vermont - Colonial history, History of Vermont - New Hampshire Grants and the Vermont Republic, History of Vermont - 19th century, History of Vermont - Scholarly books on Vermont History

Read more here: » History of Vermont: Encyclopedia II - History of Vermont - New Hampshire Grants and the Vermont Republic

Little is known of the pre-Columbian history of Vermont. The western part of the state was originally home to a small population of Algonquian-speaking tribes, including the Mohican and Abenaki peoples. Between 8500 to 7000 BCE, glacial activity created the Champlain Sea, and Native Americans inhabited and hunted in Vermont. From 7000 to 1000 BCE was the Archaic Period. During the era Native Americans migrated year-round. From 1000 BCE to 1600 CE was the Woodland Period, when villages and trade networks were established, and ceramic and bow ...

See also:

Vermont, Vermont - Geography, Vermont - History, Vermont - Law and government, Vermont - Politics, Vermont - State government, Vermont - Federal representation, Vermont - Culture, Vermont - Economy, Vermont - Demographics, Vermont - Population, Vermont - Race and Sex, Vermont - Rankings, Vermont - Ethnicity, Vermont - Religion, Vermont - Important cities and towns, Vermont - Education, Vermont - Crime, Vermont - State song and symbols, Vermont - Sources and further reading

Read more here: » Vermont: Encyclopedia II - Vermont - History

Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836. The northernmost land action of the American Civil War took place in Vermont on October 19, 1864. In this incident, one of the most unusual in American history, Bennett H. Young led Confederate forces. Young had been captured in John Hunt Morgan's 1863 raid in Ohio, but escaped to Canada in the fall of that year. Morgan went to the south, where he proposed Canada-based raids on the Union as a means of building the Confederate treasury and forcing the Union army to protect their northern ...

See also:

History of Vermont, History of Vermont - Early history, History of Vermont - European settlement, History of Vermont - Colonial history, History of Vermont - New Hampshire Grants and the Vermont Republic, History of Vermont - 19th century, History of Vermont - Scholarly books on Vermont History

Read more here: » History of Vermont: Encyclopedia II - History of Vermont - 19th century

The colony's charter granted, to the Massachusetts General Court, the authority to elect officers and to make laws for the colony. Its first meeting in America was held October of 1630, but was attended by only eight freemen. They voted to grant all legislative, executive, and judicial power to a "Council" of the Governor's assistants (those same eight men). They then set up town boundaries, created taxes, and elected officers. To quell unrest caused by this limited franchise, the eight then added 118 settlers to the court as freemen, but po ...

See also:

Massachusetts Bay Colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Previous nearby settlements, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Predecessor companies, Massachusetts Bay Colony - A Puritan colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - The seeds of democracy, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Later history, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Governors of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Read more here: » Massachusetts Bay Colony: Encyclopedia II - Massachusetts Bay Colony - The seeds of democracy

The Province of New Hampshire was part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1641 to 1679, and again from 1688 to 1691. In 1643, Massachusetts Bay joined Plymouth Colony, Connecticut Colony, and New Haven Colony in the Confederation of New England, which fell apart in the 1650s. From 1686, Massachusetts Bay was administratively unified by the English king with the other New England colonies in the Dominion of New England. In 1688, the Province of New York, East Jersey, and West Jersey were added. In 1689, ...

See also:

Massachusetts Bay Colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Previous nearby settlements, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Predecessor companies, Massachusetts Bay Colony - A Puritan colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - The seeds of democracy, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Later history, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Governors of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Read more here: » Massachusetts Bay Colony: Encyclopedia II - Massachusetts Bay Colony - Later history

The first 400 settlers under this new charter departed in April 1629. Most, but not all of the members of the Company were Puritans, and events during the spring and summer of 1629 convinced them they could only remain non-conformists in the Church of England by getting out of England. Charles I had dissolved the parliament, and William Laud, the Bishop of London, renewed his pressure on the separatist Puritans to conform with church practices. His harassment was a direct cause of the progressively larger emigrat ...

See also:

Massachusetts Bay Colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Previous nearby settlements, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Predecessor companies, Massachusetts Bay Colony - A Puritan colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony - The seeds of democracy, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Later history, Massachusetts Bay Colony - Governors of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Read more here: » Massachusetts Bay Colony: Encyclopedia II - Massachusetts Bay Colony - A Puritan colony

The first European to see Vermont is thought to be Jacques Cartier, in 1535. On July 30, 1609, French explorer Samuel de Champlain claimed the area of what is now Lake Champlain, giving to the mountains the appellation of les Verts Monts (the Green Mountains). France claimed Vermont as part of New France, and erected Fort Sainte Anne on Isle La Motte in 1666 as part of their fortification of Lake Champlain. This was the first European settlement ...

See also:

History of Vermont, History of Vermont - Early history, History of Vermont - European settlement, History of Vermont - Colonial history, History of Vermont - New Hampshire Grants and the Vermont Republic, History of Vermont - 19th century, History of Vermont - Scholarly books on Vermont History

Read more here: » History of Vermont: Encyclopedia II - History of Vermont - European settlement