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Pronoia - Sources
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Pronoia, Pronoia - Pronoia Under the Palaeologan Dynasty, Pronoia - Pronoia in the 12th Century, Pronoia - Sources, Pronoia - The Early Pronoia System

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Pronoia - Sources: Encyclopedia II - Pronoia - Pronoia in the 12th Century

Alexius' grandson Manuel I Comnenus continued to grant land to the aristocrats, but also extended pronoiai to aristocratic officers in the army, in place of giving them a regular salary. Pronoiai developed into essentially a license to tax the citizens who lived within the boundaries of the grant (the paroikoi). Pronoiars (those who had been granted a pronoia) became something like tax collectors, who were allowed to keep some of the revenue they collected. This idea was not completely new; centuries before, Heraclius had reorganized the emp ...

After the Crusaders captured Constantinople in 1204, the pronoia system continued in the Empire of Nicaea, where the emperors ruled in exile. John III Ducas Vatatzes also gave pronoiai to the church and noblewomen, which had not been done before. When Constantinople was recaptured by Michael VIII Palaeologus in 1261, he allowed pronoiai to be inherited, which made the empire more like the feudal states in Europe. He also audited the pronoiai to make their values more realistic according to contemporary conditions, as the empire had lost much ...

By the 11th century, Byzantine aristocrats had ceased to hold any significant power, clinging instead to the honorific titles they held by virtue of being related to the ruling emperor. These were often used to bid for power within the government, sometimes at as high a level as the throne itself. By the reign of Constantine IX in the middle part of the century they had also begun to assert sovereignty over various parts of the empire, collecting taxes for themselve ...

Pronoia - Sources

A Wisdom Archive on Pronoia - Sources

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