A surface that can be unfolded or unrolled into a flat plane or sheet without stretching, tearing or shrinking is called a 'developable surface'. The cylinder, cone and of course the plane are all developable surfaces. Unfortunately, the sphere and ellipsoid are not developable surfaces. Any projection that attempts to project a sphere (or an ellipsoid) on a flat sheet will have to distort the image (similar t ...

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Map projection, Map projection - Metric properties of maps, Map projection - Construction of a map projection, Map projection - Choosing a projection surface, Map projection - Orientation of the projection, Map projection - Scale, Map projection - Choosing a model for the shape of the Earth, Map projection - Classification, Map projection - Projections by surface, Map projection - Cylindrical, Map projection - Pseudocylindrical, Map projection - Conical, Map projection - Pseudoconical, Map projection - Azimuthal projections onto a plane, Map projection - Projections by preservation of a metric property, Map projection - Conformal, Map projection - Equal-area, Map projection - Equidistant, Map projection - Gnomonic, Map projection - Retroazimuthal, Map projection - Compromise projections, Map projection - Other noteworthy projections

Read more here: » Map projection: Encyclopedia II - Map projection - Choosing a projection surface

As part of planning for the International Geophysical Year (1957 - 1958), the U.S. publicly undertook to place an artificial satellite with a scientific experiment into orbit around the Earth. Project Vanguard - The three services' proposals. Proposals to do this were presented by the United States Air Force, the United States Army, and the United States Navy. The Army's ABMA under Dr. Wernher von Braun had suggested using a modified Redstone rocket (see: Juno I) while the Air Force had proposed using the ...

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Project Vanguard, Project Vanguard - Project history, Project Vanguard - The three services' proposals, Project Vanguard - Sputnik and Explorer I, Project Vanguard - Accomplishments, Project Vanguard - Launch history

Read more here: » Project Vanguard: Encyclopedia II - Project Vanguard - Project history

In the past, construction project managers were individuals who had worked in construction or a supporting industry and were promoted into project management. This lead to a profession in which it was difficult to gain knowledge. The profession has more recently grown to accommodate several dozen Construction Management Bachelor of Science programs. Until recently, the industry also lacked any level of standardization, with individual States ...

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Project manager, Project manager - Construction project management, Project manager - Architectural project management

Read more here: » Project manager: Encyclopedia II - Project manager - Construction project management

In first-angle projection, each view of the object is projected in the direction (sense) of sight of the object, onto the interior walls of the box i.e the each view of the object is drawn on the opposite side of the box: A two-dimensional representation of the object is then created by "unfolding" the box, to view all of the interior walls: This produces two plan views and four side views. ...

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Orthographic projection, Orthographic projection - First-angle projection, Orthographic projection - Third-angle projection, Orthographic projection - Additional information, Orthographic projection - Multiviews without rotation, Orthographic projection - Pictorials

Read more here: » Orthographic projection: Encyclopedia II - Orthographic projection - First-angle projection

In third-angle projection, each view of the object is projected opposite to the direction (sense) of sight, onto the (transparent) exterior walls of the box i.e, the each view of the object is drawn on the same side of the box: A two-dimensional representation of the object is then created by unfolding the box, to view all of the exterior walls. ...

See also:

Orthographic projection, Orthographic projection - First-angle projection, Orthographic projection - Third-angle projection, Orthographic projection - Additional information, Orthographic projection - Multiviews without rotation, Orthographic projection - Pictorials

Read more here: » Orthographic projection: Encyclopedia II - Orthographic projection - Third-angle projection

The creation of a map projection involves three steps: Selection of a model for the shape of the earth or planetary body (usually choosing between a sphere or ellipsoid) Transformation of geographic coordinates (longitude and latitude) to plane coordinates (eastings and northings or x,y) Reduction of the scale (it does not matter in what order the second and third steps are performed) Because the real earth's shape is irregular, information is lost in the first step, in which an approximating, regular model is chosen. Reducing the scale may be considered to b ...

See also:

Map projection, Map projection - Metric properties of maps, Map projection - Construction of a map projection, Map projection - Choosing a projection surface, Map projection - Orientation of the projection, Map projection - Scale, Map projection - Choosing a model for the shape of the Earth, Map projection - Classification, Map projection - Projections by surface, Map projection - Cylindrical, Map projection - Pseudocylindrical, Map projection - Conical, Map projection - Pseudoconical, Map projection - Azimuthal projections onto a plane, Map projection - Projections by preservation of a metric property, Map projection - Conformal, Map projection - Equal-area, Map projection - Equidistant, Map projection - Gnomonic, Map projection - Retroazimuthal, Map projection - Compromise projections, Map projection - Other noteworthy projections

Read more here: » Map projection: Encyclopedia II - Map projection - Construction of a map projection

Oblique projection is a type of parallel projection. Thus, it projects an image by intersecting parallel rays (projectors) from the three-dimensional source object with the drawing surface (projection plane). In both oblique projection and orthographic projection (the other type of parallel projection), parallel lines of the source object produce parallel lines in the projected image. The projectors in oblique projection intersect the projection plane at an oblique angle to produce the projected image, as opposed to the per ...

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Oblique projection, Oblique projection - What it is, Oblique projection - Oblique pictorial

Read more here: » Oblique projection: Encyclopedia II - Oblique projection - What it is

Though it involved over thirty different research and production sites, the Manhattan Project was largely carried out in three secret scientific cities that were established by power of eminent domain: Hanford, Washington, Los Alamos, New Mexico, and Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The Los Alamos National Laboratory was built on a mesa that previously hosted the Los Alamos Ranch School. The Hanford Site, which grew to almost 1000 square miles (2,600 km²), took over irrigated farm land, fruit orchards, a railroad, and two active farming communiti ...

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Manhattan Project, Manhattan Project - 1900s-1939: Nuclear physics and international politics, Manhattan Project - Research in nuclear explosives urged, Manhattan Project - Discovery of the feasibility of an atomic bomb, Manhattan Project - The program starts in earnest, Manhattan Project - The conferences of summer 1942, Manhattan Project - Project sites, Manhattan Project - Need for coordination, Manhattan Project - The Manhattan Engineering District, Manhattan Project - The uranium bomb, Manhattan Project - The plutonium bomb, Manhattan Project - Similar efforts

Read more here: » Manhattan Project: Encyclopedia II - Manhattan Project - Project sites

Two-dimensional projective transformations are a type of automorphism of the projective plane onto itself. Planar transformations can be defined synthetically as follows: point X on a "subjective" plane must be transformed to a point T also on the subjective plane. The transformations uses these tools: a pair of "observation points" P and Q, and an "objective" plane. The subjective and objective planes and the two poin ...

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Projective transformation, Projective transformation - Transformations on the projective line, Projective transformation - Analysis, Projective transformation - Inverse transformation, Projective transformation - Identity transformation, Projective transformation - Composition of transformations, Projective transformation - The cross-ratio defined by means of a projection, Projective transformation - Conservation of cross-ratio, Projective transformation - Transformations on the projective plane, Projective transformation - Analysis, Projective transformation - Trilinear transformations, Projective transformation - Composition of trilinear transformations, Projective transformation - Planar transformations of lines, Projective transformation - Planar transformations of conic sections, Projective transformation - Planar projectivities and cross-ratio, Projective transformation - Example, Projective transformation - Transformations in projective 3-space, Projective transformation - Analysis, Projective transformation - Quadrilinear transformations, Projective transformation - Properties of quadrilinear transformations, Projective transformation - Spatial transformations of planes, Projective transformation - Reference

Read more here: » Projective transformation: Encyclopedia II - Projective transformation - Transformations on the projective plane

Projection clocks were patented at least twice: once in 1909, and another time in 1940 [1]. Both patents have expired by now, so any company or hobbyist can build projection clocks. Previously, projection clocks, like other clocks of that period, were universally analog. With the widespread adoption of digital clocks, digital projection clocks have also appeared. ...

See also:

Projection clock, Projection clock - History, Projection clock - Technology, Projection clock - Low-brightness projection clocks, Projection clock - High-brightness projection clocks, Projection clock - Safety notes

Read more here: » Projection clock: Encyclopedia II - Projection clock - History

Project Zambia was initiated by St. Mary's Christian Brothers Grammar School, Belfast, Ireland, in 2002. It was a response by a school in Belfast to the cry of the poverty-stricken people of the compounds of Lusaka, Zambia. Since then the project has grown, spreading to communities throughout Belfast. ...

See also:

Project Zambia, Project Zambia - History, Project Zambia - Goals, Project Zambia - Misisi Compound, Project Zambia - Project Zambia's work

Read more here: » Project Zambia: Encyclopedia II - Project Zambia - History

A fundamental projection classification is based on type of projection surface onto which the globe is conceptually projected. The projections are described in terms of placing a gigantic surface in contact with the earth, followed by an implied scaling operation. These surfaces are cylindrical (e.g., Mercator), conic (e.g., Albers), and azimuthal or plane (e.g., stereographic). Many mathematical projections, however, do not neatly fit into any of these three conceptual projection methods. Hence other peer categories have been described in the literature, such as pseudoconic, pseudocylindrical ...

See also:

Map projection, Map projection - Metric properties of maps, Map projection - Construction of a map projection, Map projection - Choosing a projection surface, Map projection - Orientation of the projection, Map projection - Scale, Map projection - Choosing a model for the shape of the Earth, Map projection - Classification, Map projection - Projections by surface, Map projection - Cylindrical, Map projection - Pseudocylindrical, Map projection - Conical, Map projection - Pseudoconical, Map projection - Azimuthal projections onto a plane, Map projection - Projections by preservation of a metric property, Map projection - Conformal, Map projection - Equal-area, Map projection - Equidistant, Map projection - Gnomonic, Map projection - Retroazimuthal, Map projection - Compromise projections, Map projection - Other noteworthy projections

Read more here: » Map projection: Encyclopedia II - Map projection - Classification

Firstly, it should be noted there is no comprehensive formal history of the project, and there may well be key members who have chosen to remain anonymous. However, certain members of the project have come forward, and certain details of the personnel are available. Ingo Swann Coined the term 'remote viewing' as a derivation of protocols originally developed by René Warcollier, a French chemical engineer in the early 20th century, documented in the book Mind to Mind. Swann's achievement was to break free from the ...

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Project stargate, Project stargate - Key Project Personnel, Project stargate - Remote sites

Read more here: » Project stargate: Encyclopedia II - Project stargate - Key Project Personnel

Astral projection - Real time projection. In contrast to "astral" projection, the traditional understanding of out-of-body experiences involve the projector (or traveler) moving about in the "real" world as an invisible ghost in what is sometimes referred to as Real Time Projection (or RTP). Another popular term to refer to this kind of OOBE consists of "etheral projection" as opposed to "astral projection". People who claim to have experienced both say they can clearly observe the distinction between thes ...

See also:

Astral projection, Astral projection - Schools of Thought, Astral projection - Mystical Model, Astral projection - Phasing Model, Astral projection - Other kinds of projection, Astral projection - Real time projection, Astral projection - Virtual reality projection, Astral projection - Remote viewing, Astral projection - Research, Astral projection - Astral projection and the Bible, Astral projection - Major proponents

Read more here: » Astral projection: Encyclopedia II - Astral projection - Other kinds of projection

A projection clock usually needs a backlight, as most clock displays do not radiate their own light. The backlight can use different lighting technologies, from incandescent bulbs to LEDs. Projection clocks can be divided into two groups: low-brightness and high-brightness. The image created by low-brightness projection clocks can be viewed only in a darkened room, while high-brightness ones create a image that can be viewed even in lighted rooms, but are more power-hungry. Projection c ...

See also:

Projection clock, Projection clock - History, Projection clock - Technology, Projection clock - Low-brightness projection clocks, Projection clock - High-brightness projection clocks, Projection clock - Safety notes

Read more here: » Projection clock: Encyclopedia II - Projection clock - Technology

The Bible describes people as being "in the spirit" while receiving prophecy. Many biblical scholars attribute this to being in a dream-like state or trance. The terminology of astral projection is also found in Ecclesiastes 12:6-12:7: "Remember [your Creator] — before the silver cord is severed, or the golden bowl is broken; before the pitcher is shattered at the spring, or the wheel broken at the well, and the dust returns to the ground it c ...

See also:

Astral projection, Astral projection - Schools of Thought, Astral projection - Mystical Model, Astral projection - Phasing Model, Astral projection - Other kinds of projection, Astral projection - Real time projection, Astral projection - Virtual reality projection, Astral projection - Remote viewing, Astral projection - Research, Astral projection - Astral projection and the Bible, Astral projection - Major proponents

Read more here: » Astral projection: Encyclopedia II - Astral projection - Astral projection and the Bible

A globe is the only way to represent the earth with the same scale throughout the entire map surface and in all directions. For a flat map this is not even possible across an area of any extent. Thus, on a flat map, properties of constant scale are always limited. Possible properties are: The scale depends on location, but not on direction; this is equivalent with preservation of angles: conformal map For a given latitude and direction, the scale is the same everywhere; this applies for any cylindrical pro ...

See also:

Map projection, Map projection - Metric properties of maps, Map projection - Construction of a map projection, Map projection - Choosing a projection surface, Map projection - Orientation of the projection, Map projection - Scale, Map projection - Choosing a model for the shape of the Earth, Map projection - Classification, Map projection - Projections by surface, Map projection - Cylindrical, Map projection - Pseudocylindrical, Map projection - Conical, Map projection - Pseudoconical, Map projection - Azimuthal projections onto a plane, Map projection - Projections by preservation of a metric property, Map projection - Conformal, Map projection - Equal-area, Map projection - Equidistant, Map projection - Gnomonic, Map projection - Retroazimuthal, Map projection - Compromise projections, Map projection - Other noteworthy projections

Read more here: » Map projection: Encyclopedia II - Map projection - Scale

It is possible to find the equations of loxodromes on the stereographic projection. A loxodrome on a sphere is described by Substituting equation (1) we obtain Equation (3) can be solved for θL: Substitute equation (5) into equation (4), then simplify, Apply the following trigonometric identity to equation (6), yielding Let b = −1/a; then ...

See also:

Stereographic projection, Stereographic projection - Notable properties, Stereographic projection - Formula, Stereographic projection - Polar coordinates, Stereographic projection - Cartesian coordinates, Stereographic projection - Loxodromes on a stereographic projection, Stereographic projection - External link

Read more here: » Stereographic projection: Encyclopedia II - Stereographic projection - Loxodromes on a stereographic projection

PROJECTIVE ENERGY: That which is electrical, forward moving, active. Projective energy is protective. See also Receptive Energy.

(See also: PROJECTIVE ENERGY, Paganism, Pagan, Pagan Dictionary)

Michael Hart said in 2004, "The mission of Project Gutenberg is simple: 'To encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks.'" [1] A slogan of the project is "break down the bars of ignorance and illiteracy", because its volunteers aim to continue spreading public literacy and appreciation for the literary heritage just as public libraries began to do in the early 20th century. Project Gutenberg is intentionally decentralized. For example, there is no selection policy dictating what texts to add. Instead, individual volunteers work on wha ...

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Project Gutenberg, Project Gutenberg - History, Project Gutenberg - Scope of collection, Project Gutenberg - Ideals, Project Gutenberg - Copyright issues, Project Gutenberg - Criticism, Project Gutenberg - Affiliated projects

Read more here: » Project Gutenberg: Encyclopedia II - Project Gutenberg - Ideals

Projective line - Real projective line. The projective line over the real numbers is called the real projective line. It is given by projecting points in R2 onto the unit circle and then identifying diametrically opposite points. In terms of group theory we can take the quotient by the subgroup {1,−1}. Topologically, it is again a circle. One may also think of gluing the two "ends" of the real line onto a new point ∞ resulting in a circle. Compare the extended real number line, which distinguishes ∞ and −∞. Projective line - Complex ...

See also:

Projective line, Projective line - Homogeneous coordinates, Projective line - Examples, Projective line - Real projective line, Projective line - Complex projective line: the Riemann sphere, Projective line - For a finite field, Projective line - Symmetry group, Projective line - As algebraic curve

Read more here: » Projective line: Encyclopedia II - Projective line - Examples