Priscus Attalus

This article is about the year 409 C.E. See also 409 (number). For the cleaning product 409®, see butoxyethanol. 409 - Events. The Vandals and Suebi break through Constantine III's garrsions into Spain. The Suebi settle themselves in the northwestern corner. Constantine III's general Gernontius revolts in Spain, and elevates his own candidate for Roman Emperor. Alaric lays siege to Rome a second time; with agreement of the Senate he sets up Priscus Attalus as western emperor ...

Including:

• 409 - Events
• 409 - Births
• 409 - Deaths

Read more here: » 409: Encyclopedia - 409

Alaric I (Alaric or Alarich, in Latin Alaricus) was likely born about 370 on an island named Peuce (the Fir) at the mouth of the Danube, became king of the Visigoths from 395–410, and was the first Germanic leader to take the city of Rome. He was well born, his father kindred to the Balti, considered next in worth among Gothic fighters to the Amali. He was a Goth and belonged to the western branch, called the Visigoths, who at the time of his birth dwelt in what is today Bulgaria, having fled beyond the wide estuary ma ...

Including:

• Alaric I - In Roman service
• Alaric I - In Greece
• Alaric I - First invasion of Italy
• Alaric I - Second invasion of Italy

Read more here: » Alaric I: Encyclopedia - Alaric I

The Western Roman Empire is the name given to the western half of the Roman Empire after its division by Diocletian in 286 AD. It would exist intermittently in several periods between the 3rd Century and the 5th Century, after Diocletian's Tetrarchy and the reunifications associated with Constantine the Great. Theodosius the Great was the last Roman Emperor who ruled both east and west, and he died in 395 AD. After him the Roman Empire was definitably divided and the Western Roman Empire ended with the abdication of Romulus Augustus under pressur ...

Including:

• Western Roman Empire - Early Cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West
• Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences
• Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century
• Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty
• Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West
• Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great
• Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division
• Western Roman Empire - The origins of the theological Great East-West Schism
• Western Roman Empire - Permanent division
• Western Roman Empire - Economic factors
• Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome
• Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest
• Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome
• Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire

410 - Events. Alaric I deposes Priscus Attalus as Roman Emperor. August 24 - Visigoths under Alaric sack Rome for three days. They depart with countless valuables, spoils of the Temple in Jerusalem brought to Rome by Titus. Ataulf succeeds his brother-in-law Alaric as king of the Visigoths. Emperor Flavius Augustus Honorius tells Britain to look to its own defences, effectively ending Roman rule in Britain. Debatably the beginning of the Dark Ages Including:

• 410 - Events
• 410 - Births
• 410 - Deaths

Read more here: » 410: Encyclopedia - 410

As the Roman Republic expanded, it gradually reached a point in which the central goverment in Rome could not expect to rule effectively the distant provinces. This was due to slow communications and relativly slow transportation methods. The news of an enemy invasion, a revolt, a epidemic outbreak or of a natural disaster was carried by ship or by mounted postal service (similar to the Pony Express) and therefore needed "quite some" time to reach Rome and required a similar amount of time until a response and a reaction reached the trouble ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West

As the Roman Republic expanded, it gradually reached a point in which the central goverment in Rome could not expect to rule effectively the distant provinces. This was due to slow communications and relativly slow transportation methods. The news of a enemy invasion, a revolt, a epidemic outbreak or of a natural disaster was carried by ship or by mounted postal service (similar to the Pony Express) and therefore needed "quite some" time to reach Rome and and required a similar amount of time until a response and a reaction reached the trouble ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early Cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - The origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Permanent division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Early Cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West

During the 4th century it had become common practice with the emperors to employ foederati; Germanic irregular troops under Roman command, but organized by tribal structures. The provincial population, crushed under a load of taxation, could no longer furnish soldiers in the numbers needed for the defence of the empire. Moreover, the emperors—ever fearful that a brilliantly successful general of Roman extraction might be proclaimed Augustus by his followers—preferred that high military command should be in the hands of one to whom ...

See also:

Alaric I, Alaric I - In Roman service, Alaric I - In Greece, Alaric I - First invasion of Italy, Alaric I - Second invasion of Italy

Read more here: » Alaric I: Encyclopedia II - Alaric I - In Roman service

Main article: Tetrarchy The external borders were largely quiet for the remainder of the Crisis of the Third Century, although between the death of Aurelius in 275 AD and the accession of Diocletian ten years later, at least eight Emperors or would-be Emperors were killed, many assassinated by their own troops. It was under Diocletian that the political division of the Roman Empire would start. In 286 AD, through the creation of the Tetrarchy, he gave the western part to Maximian as Augustus, and named Constantius Chloru ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty

Starting on the 18th of March 235 AD with the assassination of the Emperor Alexander Severus, the Roman Empire fell into a period of fifty years of civil war, today known as the Crisis of the Third Century. The rise of the warlike Sassanid dynasty in Parthia had created a major threat to Rome in the east. Demonstrating the increased danger, in 259 AD, Emperor Valerian was captured by Shapur I. His eldest son and heir-apparent, Gallienus succeeded and was in the Eastern Frontier, fighting. The son of Gallienus, Saloninus and the Praetorian Pr ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century

Main article: Constantine The Great The system of the Tetrarchy quickly ran aground as the Western Empire's Constantius died unexpectedly in 306 AD, and his son Constantine the Great was proclaimed Augustus of the West by the legions in Britain. A crisis followed as several claimants attempted to rule the Western half. In 308 AD, the Augustus of the East, Galerius arranged a conference at Carnuntum which revived the Tetrarchy by dividing the power between Constantine and a newcomer named Licinius. Constantine was far more inter ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great

Several times throughout the middle ages, the eastern Byzantine Empire managed to reconquer large areas of the West which had been occupied by several barbarian tribes. The greatest success were the campaigns of the Byzantine generals Belisarius and Narses on behalf of the Emperor Justinian I from 535 AD to 554 AD. Much of the then Vandal occupied former Roman territory in North Africa was regained, particularly the territory centred around the city of Carthage. The campaign eventually moved into Italy itself, eventually reconquering it completly, with some minor territory being take ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest

Gallic Emperors (259 to 273): Postumus: 259 to 268 Laelianus: 268 Usurper Marcus Aurelius Marius: 268 Victorinus: 268 to 271 Domitianus: 271 Usurper Tetricus I: 271 to 273 Tetricus II: 271 to 273 Son and co-emperor of Tetricus I Tetrarchy (293 to 313): Augusti are shown with their Caesares, regents, etc., further indented Maximian: 293 to 305 Constantius Chlorus: 293 to 305 ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

As the Western Roman Empire crumbled, the barbarian warlords who had conquered the provinces felt compelled to uphold many Roman laws and traditions. These "barbarians" were already christians, but most of them were followers of Arianism. Wisely, they quickly converted to the roman catholic faith gaining more loyalty by the local romanized population and at the same time recognition and support by the powerful Roman Catholic Church. Altough they initially continued to obey tribal l ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome

It was relativly easy to rule the empire, from its capital-city Rome, during peacetime. An eventual rebellion was expected and would happen from time to time: a general or a governor would gain the loyalty of his officers through a mixture of personal charisma, promises and simple bribes. This would be a bad, but not a catastrophic event. The Roman legions were spread around the borders and the rebel leader would in normal circumstances, have only one or two legions under his command. Loyal legions would be detached from other points of the ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences

The Roman Empire was ruled by a single Emperor, but with the death of Constantine in 337 AD, civil war erupted among his three sons, dividing the empire into three parts. The West was reunified in 340 AD, and the complete reunification of the whole empire occurred in 353 AD, with Constantius II. Notably, Constantius II focused most of his power in the East, and he is often regarded as the first Emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Under his rule, the city of Byz ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division

Main article: East-West Schism At the beginning of Christianity the status and the office of the Bishop of Rome (who would latter become the Pope) was quite unclear. One has to realize that a nascent "underground" and sometimes prosecuted faith simply couldn´t be governed from a single central point, largely due to the deficient communications and slow transports available at that time. Local religious autonomy was the obvious result. Indeed, many of the great christian theological Questions: divergent testaments, dubious tran ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - Final division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Origins of the theological Great East-West Schism

As the Western Roman Empire crumbled, the barbarian warlords who had conquered the provinces felt compelled to uphold many Roman laws and traditions. These "barbarians" were already christians, but most of them were followers of the Arian Heresy. Wisely, they quickly converted to the roman catholic faith gaining more loyalty by the local romanized population and at the same time recognition and support by the powerful Roman Catholic Church. Altough they initially continued to obey tribal l ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early Cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - The origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Permanent division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome

It was relativly easy to rule the Roman Empire, from the central capital of Rome, during peacetime. A eventual rebellion was expected and would happen from time to time: a general or a governor would gain the loyalty of his officers through a mixture of personal charisma, promises and simple bribes. This would be a bad, but not a catastrophic event. The legions were spread around the borders and the rebel leader would in normal circunstances, have only one or two legions under his command. Loyal legions would be detached from other points of ...

See also:

Western Roman Empire, Western Roman Empire - Early Cultural Differences and Divisions between East and West, Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences, Western Roman Empire - Crisis of the 3rd Century, Western Roman Empire - The Tetrarchies and the Constantine Dynasty, Western Roman Empire - Economic stagnation in the West, Western Roman Empire - Constantine the Great, Western Roman Empire - Reunification Eastern focus and re-division, Western Roman Empire - The origins of the theological Great East-West Schism, Western Roman Empire - Permanent division, Western Roman Empire - Economic factors, Western Roman Empire - Fall of Rome, Western Roman Empire - Byzantine reconquest, Western Roman Empire - The legacy and the final conquest of Rome, Western Roman Empire - List of western Roman emperors

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia II - Western Roman Empire - Two military Danger Zones Rebellions Uprisings and political consequences

It was probably in the year 400 that Alaric made his first invasion of Italy, cooperating with another Gothic chieftain named Radagaisus. Supernatural influences weren't lacking to urge him to this great enterprise. Some lines of the Roman poet inform us that he heard a voice proceeding from a holy grove, "Break off all delays, Alaric. This very year thou shalt force the Alpine barrier of Italy; thou shalt penetrate to the city." But the prophecy wasn't to be fulfilled at this time. After spreading desolation through North Italy and striking ...

See also:

Alaric I, Alaric I - In Roman service, Alaric I - In Greece, Alaric I - First invasion of Italy, Alaric I - Second invasion of Italy

Read more here: » Alaric I: Encyclopedia II - Alaric I - First invasion of Italy

Alaric struck first at the eastern empire. He marched to the neighbourhood of Constantinople but, finding himself unable to undertake the siege of that superbly strong city, retraced his steps westward and then marched southward through Thessaly and the unguarded pass of Thermopylae into Greece. The armies of the eastern empire were occupied with Hunnic incursions in Asia Minor and Syria. Instead Rufinus attempted to negotiate with Alaric in person. The only results was suspicions in Constantinople that Rufinius was in league with the ...

See also:

Alaric I, Alaric I - In Roman service, Alaric I - In Greece, Alaric I - First invasion of Italy, Alaric I - Second invasion of Italy

Read more here: » Alaric I: Encyclopedia II - Alaric I - In Greece