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Prague Trials | A Wisdom Archive on Prague Trials | | Prague Trials A selection of articles related to Prague Trials | |
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Prague Trials
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Prague Trials | | | |  Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - 1952 - Events
1952 - January.
January 8 - West Germany has 8 million refugees inside its borders.
January 24 - Sudden heavy snowfall in Algeria.
January 24 - Vincent Massey sworn in as first Canada-born Governor-General of Canada.
1952 - February.
February 2 - A tropical storm forms just north of Cuba moving northeast. The storm makes landfall in southern Florida the next day. It is the earliest reported landfall from a tropical storm, and the earliest fo ...
See also:1952, 1952 - Events, 1952 - January, 1952 - February, 1952 - March, 1952 - April, 1952 - May, 1952 - June, 1952 - July, 1952 - August, 1952 - September, 1952 - October, 1952 - November, 1952 - December, 1952 - Undated events, 1952 - Births, 1952 - January, 1952 - February, 1952 - March, 1952 - April, 1952 - May, 1952 - June, 1952 - July, 1952 - August, 1952 - September, 1952 - October, 1952 - November, 1952 - December, 1952 - Deaths, 1952 - January, 1952 - February, 1952 - March, 1952 - April, 1952 - May, 1952 - June, 1952 - July, 1952 - September, 1952 - October, 1952 - November, 1952 - December, 1952 - Unknown date, 1952 - Nobel Prizes Read more here: » 1952: Encyclopedia II - 1952 - Events |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews 3rd century BCE: Manetho, a Hellenistic Egyptian chronicler and priest, alleges that Moses was not a Jew, but an Egyptian renegade priest called Osarseph, and portrays the Exodus as the expulsion of a leper colony.
175 BCE-165 BCE: Antiochus Epiphanes sacks Jerusalem, calls Judaism "inimical to humanity", prohibits brit milah, confiscates copies of Torah and erects an altar to Zeus in the Second Temple after plundering it. (See also Maccabees, Hanukkah)
2nd century BCE: Mnaseas of Patros, a Greek author, reports that the Jews worship a donkey's head in the Holy of Holies. Thi ...
See also:History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Zionism and racism - UN Resolution 3379 Main article: United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379
The Soviet Union began the "Zionism is racism" campaign in the United Nations in response to United States proposals for UN resolutions against bigotry, which criticised the Soviet Union.
On November 10, 1975 the United Nations General Assembly adopted, by a vote of 72 to 35 (with 32 abstentions), Resolution 3379, which stated that "Zionism is a form of racism and racial discrimination." The resolution was revoked on 16 Decem ...
See also:Zionism and racism, Zionism and racism - History, Zionism and racism - The demographic change, Zionism and racism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism and racism - Discrimination, Zionism and racism - Viewed as anti-Semitism, Zionism and racism - Soviet influence, Zionism and racism - UN Resolution 3379 Read more here: » Zionism and racism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism and racism - UN Resolution 3379 |
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| | | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Rudolf Slánský - The trials In November 1951 Slánský and other 13 people were arrested and charged with being Titoists, Trotskyites, and Zionists. Party rhetoric asserted that Slánský was spying as part of an international Western capitalist conspiracy to undermine socialism, and that punishing him would avenge the Nazi murders of Czech communists Jan Šverma and Julius Fučík during World War II.
Slánský was hurt by his image as a cosmpolitan figure, which had allowed Gottwald and his ally Antonin Zapotocky, both populists, to tar him with charges of bel ...
See also:Rudolf Slánský, Rudolf Slánský - Early life, Rudolf Slánský - Power in the postwar period, Rudolf Slánský - The trials, Rudolf Slánský - Posthumously Read more here: » Rudolf Slánský: Encyclopedia II - Rudolf Slánský - The trials |
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| | | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Zionism and racism - Viewed as anti-Semitism According to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, Jews were at one time the "Chosen people" of God; in Judaism, this is still believed to be the case. Some have argued that this means Jews believe themselves superior to all other peoples, and thus that Judaism is racist; this belief was one facet of a variety of competing anti-Semitic conspiracy theories believed by varying numbers of Europeans since the 1700s and 1800s, accordin ...
See also:Zionism and racism, Zionism and racism - History, Zionism and racism - The demographic change, Zionism and racism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism and racism - Discrimination, Zionism and racism - Viewed as anti-Semitism, Zionism and racism - Soviet influence, Zionism and racism - UN Resolution 3379 Read more here: » Zionism and racism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism and racism - Viewed as anti-Semitism |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Zionism and racism - Soviet influence Political Zionism was officially stamped out for the entire history of the Soviet Union as a form of bourgeois nationalism. As early as 1918 the Bolsheviks established Yevsektsiya to suppress both Zionism and Judaism. Without changing its official anti-Zionist stance, the Soviet Union briefly supported the establishment of Israel in 1947. Before voting for the 1947 partition, Andrei Gromyko stated:
"As we know, the aspirations of a considerable part of the Jewish people are linked with the problem of Palestine and of its future ...
See also:Zionism and racism, Zionism and racism - History, Zionism and racism - The demographic change, Zionism and racism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism and racism - Discrimination, Zionism and racism - Viewed as anti-Semitism, Zionism and racism - Soviet influence, Zionism and racism - UN Resolution 3379 Read more here: » Zionism and racism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism and racism - Soviet influence |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century 1505 Ten České Budějovice Jews are tortured and executed for killing a Christian girl; later, on deathbed, shepherd confesses to fabricating the accusation.
1506 April 19. A marrano expresses his doubts about miracle visions at St. Dominics Church in Lisbon, Portugal. The crowd, led by Dominican monks, kills him, then ransacks Jewish houses and slaughters any Jew they could find. The countrymen hear about the massacre and join in. Over 2,000 marranos killed in three days.
1509 August 19. Converted Jew Johann Pfefferkorn in Frankfurt receives authority of Maximilian I, Holy Roma ...
See also:History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century |
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| | | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Lavrenty Beria - Beria's fall Accounts of Beria's fall vary considerably. According to the most recent accounts Khrushchev convened a meeting of the Praesidium on June 26, where he launched an attack on Beria, accusing him of being in the pay of British intelligence. Beria was taken completely by surprise. He asked, "What's going on, Nikita Sergeyevich?" Molotov and others then also spoke against Beria, and Khrushchev put a motion for his instant dismissal. Malenkov then pressed a button on his desk as the pre-arranged signal to Marshal Georgy Zhukov and a group of armed ...
See also:Lavrenty Beria, Lavrenty Beria - Rise to power, Lavrenty Beria - Beria at the NKVD, Lavrenty Beria - Postwar politics, Lavrenty Beria - After Stalin, Lavrenty Beria - Beria's fall, Lavrenty Beria - Allegations against Beria Read more here: » Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia II - Lavrenty Beria - Beria's fall |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Lavrenty Beria - Allegations against Beria Although Beria was formally convicted for being a British spy, the Communist Leadership has early on sought to spice up the charges with informal accusations of more personal nature. These included allegations that he raped numerous women, and that he personally tortured and killed many of his political victims.
Charges of sexual misconduct against Beria were first made in the speech by a Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikolay Shatalin, at the Plenary Meeting of the committee on July 10, 1953, two weeks aft ...
See also:Lavrenty Beria, Lavrenty Beria - Rise to power, Lavrenty Beria - Beria at the NKVD, Lavrenty Beria - Postwar politics, Lavrenty Beria - After Stalin, Lavrenty Beria - Beria's fall, Lavrenty Beria - Allegations against Beria Read more here: » Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia II - Lavrenty Beria - Allegations against Beria |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Romanian Communist Party - Membership During its underground years the membership of the party was quite small, less than 1,000 people. Members were largely drawn from ethnic minorities in Romania who were the most repressed elements of the population in the first part of the twentieth century and thus the most attracted to revolutionary ideas. In 1933, 26.58% of party members were from Romania's Hungarian minority, 22.65% were ethnic Romanians and 18.12% were Jewish. Others were Russians and Ukrainians from Bessarabia, Bulgarians from the south of Romania, Poles from the north, ...
See also:Romanian Communist Party, Romanian Communist Party - History, Romanian Communist Party - Early history, Romanian Communist Party - Gaining power, Romanian Communist Party - Stalinism, Romanian Communist Party - Ceauşescu Era, Romanian Communist Party - Membership, Romanian Communist Party - Organization, Romanian Communist Party - General Secretaries, Romanian Communist Party - Other notable communists Read more here: » Romanian Communist Party: Encyclopedia II - Romanian Communist Party - Membership |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - The party as the ruling elite Whatever the social composition of the party, it effectively functioned as a ruling elite--a group not known for self-abnegation. As an elite, it allowed the talented and/or politically agile significant mobility. Workers might have made up a minority of the party's membership, but many members (estimates vary from one-half to two-thirds) began their careers as workers. Although they tended to exagg ...
See also:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - History, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1921 - 1945, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1945 - 1969, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1969 - 1992, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - New party after 1995, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Function, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Organization, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - National Level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Republic level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Regional level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Local level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Membership, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Training of members, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Social composition of members, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Lack of devotion of the members in the 1970s and 1980s, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - The party as the ruling elite, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Leaders Read more here: » Communist Party of Czechoslovakia: Encyclopedia II - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - The party as the ruling elite |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - History
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1921 - 1945.
Formally founded in 1921, it was one of some twenty political parties that competed within the democratic framework of pre-WWII Czechoslovakia (also known as the First Republic), but it was never in government.
During World War II many KSČ leaders sought refuge in the Soviet Union, where they made preparations to increase the party's power base once the war ended. In the early postwar period the Soviet-supported Czechoslovak communists launched a sustained ...
See also:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - History, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1921 - 1945, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1945 - 1969, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1969 - 1992, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - New party after 1995, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Function, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Organization, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - National Level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Republic level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Regional level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Local level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Membership, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Training of members, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Social composition of members, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Lack of devotion of the members in the 1970s and 1980s, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - The party as the ruling elite, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Leaders Read more here: » Communist Party of Czechoslovakia: Encyclopedia II - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - History |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Romanian Communist Party - Organization Officially, as with other Communist parties, the supreme body of the Romanian Communist Party and its predecessors was the party congress held once every five years with one delegate for every 1,000 party members. The Party Congress elected a Central Committee and the general secretary and adopted the party's program and other documents.
The Central Committee would be the main party body between Congresses. In 1984, the Central Committee consisted of 265 full members and 181 candidate members. The body was responsible for implementing the decisions of the party congress and the direction of party activities. ...
See also:Romanian Communist Party, Romanian Communist Party - History, Romanian Communist Party - Early history, Romanian Communist Party - Gaining power, Romanian Communist Party - Stalinism, Romanian Communist Party - Ceauşescu Era, Romanian Communist Party - Membership, Romanian Communist Party - Organization, Romanian Communist Party - General Secretaries, Romanian Communist Party - Other notable communists Read more here: » Romanian Communist Party: Encyclopedia II - Romanian Communist Party - Organization |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Membership Since assuming power in 1948, the KSČ had one of the largest per capita membership rolls in the communist world (11 percent of the population). The membership roll was often alleged by party ideologues to contain a large component of inactive, opportunistic, and "counterrevolutionary" elements. These charges were used on two occasions—between 1948 and 1950 and again between 1969 and 1971—as a pretext to conduct massive purges of the membership. In the first case, the great Stalinist purges, nearly 1 million members were removed; in the ...
See also:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - History, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1921 - 1945, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1945 - 1969, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - 1969 - 1992, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - New party after 1995, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Function, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Organization, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - National Level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Republic level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Regional level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Local level, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Membership, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Training of members, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Social composition of members, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Lack of devotion of the members in the 1970s and 1980s, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - The party as the ruling elite, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Leaders Read more here: » Communist Party of Czechoslovakia: Encyclopedia II - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia - Membership |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - Lavrenty Beria - Allegations against Beria Although Beria was formally convicted for being a British spy, the Communist Leadership early on sought to spice up the charges with informal accusations of more personal nature. These included allegations that he raped numerous women, and that he personally tortured and killed many of his political victims.
Charges of sexual misconduct against Beria were first made in the speech by a Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikolay Shatalin, at the Plenary Meeting of the committee on July 10, 1953, two weeks after B ...
See also:Lavrenty Beria, Lavrenty Beria - Rise to power, Lavrenty Beria - Beria at the NKVD, Lavrenty Beria - Postwar politics, Lavrenty Beria - After Stalin, Lavrenty Beria - Beria's fall, Lavrenty Beria - Allegations against Beria Read more here: » Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia II - Lavrenty Beria - Allegations against Beria |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Roman Catholic Church adhered to a distinction between "good anti-Semitism" and "bad anti-Semitism". The "bad" kind promoted hatred of Jews because of their descent. This was considered un-Christian because the Christian message was intended for all of humanity regardless of ethnicity; anyone could become a Christian. The "good" kind criticized alleged Jewish conspiracies to control newspapers, banks, and other institutions, to care only about accumulation of wealth, etc. Many Catholic bishops w ...
See also:History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century 717 Caliph Omar II introduces discriminatory regulations against the dhimmi, among them for Jews to wear a special yellow garb.
722 Byzantine emperor Leo III forcibly converts all Jews and Montanists in the empire into mainstream Byzantine Christianity. (The Montanists were a Christian sect to begin with, but Leo III considered them to be heretics.)
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See also:History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century |
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| | | | | Prague Trials: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century 807 Abbassid Caliph Harun al-Rashid orders all Jews in the Calipate to wear a yellow belt, with Christians to wear a blue one.
820 After Charlemagne's death in 814, his tolerant policies are terminated. Archbishop of Lyon St. Agobard declares in his essays that Jews are accursed and born to be slaves. He forcibly converts Jewish children, giving them or their parents no choice, for the first time in France. In 826 he issues a series of pamphlets to convince King Louis the Pious to attack "Jewish insolence".
898-929 French king Charles the Simple confiscates Jew ...
See also:History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century |
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