Poverty is the state of being without the necessities of daily living, often associated with need, hardship and lack of resources across a wide range of circumstances. For some, poverty is a subjective and comparative term; for others, it is moral and evaluative; and for others, scientifically established. The principal uses of the term include: Descriptions of material need, including deprivation of essential goods and services, multiple deprivation, and patterns of deprivation over time. Economic circumstances, ...

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Poverty - World poverty Poverty - Causes of poverty Poverty - Eliminating poverty Poverty - Noteable Figures in Poverty Reduction Poverty - Debates about poverty

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Poverty, Poverty - World poverty, Poverty - Causes of poverty, Poverty - Eliminating poverty, Poverty - Noteable Figures in Poverty Reduction, Poverty - Debates about poverty

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In many developed countries the official definition of poverty used for statistical purposes is based on relative income. As such many critics argue that poverty statistics measure inequality rather than material deprivation or hardship. For example the Henderson Poverty Line frequently used in Australia is a relative measure[5]. Such income based measures also frequently take no account of wealth. Poverty is a highly political issue. People with right wing views often see it as related to laziness, personal choice or preference a lac ...

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Poverty, Poverty - World poverty, Poverty - Causes of poverty, Poverty - Eliminating poverty, Poverty - Noteable Figures in Poverty Reduction, Poverty - Debates about poverty

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In economics and sociology, the cycle of poverty, or poverty cycle is a social phenomena whereby poverty-stricken individuals exhibit a tendency to remain poor throughout their lifespan and in many cases across generations. The cycle of poverty has been described as a catch-22 and a feedback loop, as it occurs because the financial resources necessary to get out of poverty, namely productive capital, can only be obtained if the individual has financial resources in the first place. This often means the poverty-stricken find it ...

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Cycle of poverty - Effect on Economic Growth Cycle of poverty - Causes Cycle of poverty - Solutions Cycle of poverty - The Vicious Cycle of Poverty
Cycle of poverty - Implication and criticism

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Obesity is a condition where the natural energy reserve, stored in the fatty tissue of humans and mammals is increased to the point where it may impair health. Obesity in wild animals is relatively rare, but it is common in domestic animals like pigs and household pets who may be overfed and underexercised. In humans it is generally considered to be a leading cause of health problems. Excessive body weight has been shown to predispose to various forms of disease, particularly cardiovascular disease. Interventions, such as weigh ...

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Obesity - Definition Obesity - Etymology Obesity - Cultural and social significance
Obesity - Culture and obesity Obesity - Popular culture
Obesity - Causes
Obesity - Causative factors Obesity - Evolutionary aspects Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms Obesity - Societal causes Obesity - Poverty link
Obesity - Complications Obesity - Therapy Obesity - Controversies
Obesity - Medicalization of obesity Obesity - Health effects of obesity Obesity - Medical responses to obesity Obesity - Prevalence and public interest Obesity - Policy responses to obesity

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War On Want is a campaigning charity based in London, England, which highlights the needs of poverty-stricken areas around the world, lobbying governments and international agencies to tackle problems, as well as raising public awareness of the concerns of developing nations while supporting organisations throughout the third world. War on Want tends to focus on the root causes of poverty rather than its effects, and places importance on enabl ...

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Child abandonment is the practice of abandoning offspring outside of legal adoption. Causes include many social, cultural, and political factors as well as mental illness. The abandoned child is called a foundling or throwaway (as opposed to a runaway). Poverty is often a root cause of child abandonment. Persons in cultures with poor social welfare systems who are not financially capable of taking care of a child are more likely to abandon it. Political conditions, such as difficulty in adoptio ...

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WaterAid is an international Non-profit organisation dedicated to helping people escape the poverty and disease caused by living without safe water and sanitation. It is based in London, United Kingdom and was established as a charitable trust on 21 July 1981. By 1987 its income exceeded £1 million per annum. In 2003, WaterAid was named UK charity of the year at the Charity Times Awards. It currently works in partnership with local organisations in 15 countries in Africa and Asia to help poor communities establish sustainable ...

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A. A. Allen (March 27, 1911 - June 11, 1970) was born Asa A. Allen at Sulphur Rock, Arkansas. His middle name, given only as "A." on his birth certificate, was changed to "Alonso" at around age four. Allen's early life was filled with poverty, but in 1934 he was converted during a Methodist revival meeting, and began ministering with the Assemblies of God (AG or AofG) in 1936. While attending an Oral Roberts Tent revival in 1949, Allen felt a burden to reach the lost with the miracle-working power of God and he soon hit the rev ...

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A. A. Allen - Early Life A. A. Allen - Early Tent Revivalist A. A. Allen - Arrested and Withdrawal from the Assemblies of God A. A. Allen - Allen's Popularity Soars A. A. Allen - Allen's Influence and Ministries A. A. Allen - Untimely Death and Conflicting Causes of Death A. A. Allen - Facts surrounding A A Allen's Death A. A. Allen - After A A Allen

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The vicious cycle of poverty is an argument about the causes of poverty offered by liberal reformists. The basic argument is that the poverty of each generation creates the poverty of succeeding generations. When it is objected that this is an uninformative tautology, the reply is that poverty is a total condition in which all sorts of factors are linked, creating a "chain" which is difficult to break; or else that the poor have themselves to blame for their predicament. The vicious cycle of poverty occurs mostly in developing countri ...

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Cycle of poverty, Cycle of poverty - Effect on Economic Growth, Cycle of poverty - Causes, Cycle of poverty - Solutions, Cycle of poverty - The Vicious Cycle of Poverty, Cycle of poverty - Implication and criticism

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Poverty in the United States - The official measure of poverty. There are two versions of the federal poverty measure: the poverty thresholds (which are the primary version) and the poverty guidelines. The Census Bureau issues the poverty thresholds, which are generally used for statistical purposes—for example, to estimate the number of persons in poverty nationwide each year and classify them by type of residence, race, and other social, economic, and demographic characteristics. The Department of Health and ...

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Poverty in the United States, Poverty in the United States - Measures of poverty, Poverty in the United States - The official measure of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Current poverty guidelines, Poverty in the United States - Relative measures of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Current poverty rate, Poverty in the United States - Concerns about U.S. poverty measure, Poverty in the United States - Food security, Poverty in the United States - Causes of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Fighting poverty

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There have been many governmental and nongovernmental efforts to make an impact on poverty and its effects. These range in scope from neighborhood efforts to campaigns with a national focus. They target specific groups affected by poverty such as children, immigrants, or the homeless. Efforts to alieviate poverty use a disparate set of methods, such as advocacy, education, social work, legislation, direct service or charity, and community organizing. Politicians often make fighting poverty a central part of their political platforms. ...

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Poverty in the United States, Poverty in the United States - Measures of poverty, Poverty in the United States - The official measure of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Current poverty guidelines, Poverty in the United States - Relative measures of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Current poverty rate, Poverty in the United States - Concerns about U.S. poverty measure, Poverty in the United States - Food security, Poverty in the United States - Causes of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Fighting poverty

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In recent years, there have been a number of concerns raised concerning the official U.S. poverty measure. In 1995, the National Research Council's Committee on National Statistics convened a panel on measuring poverty in the U.S. The findings of the panel were that "the official poverty measure in the United States is flawed and does not adequately inform policy-makers or the public about who is poor and who is not poor." The panel was chaired by Robert Michael, former Dean of the Harris School of the University of Chicago. According ...

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Poverty in the United States, Poverty in the United States - Measures of poverty, Poverty in the United States - The official measure of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Current poverty guidelines, Poverty in the United States - Relative measures of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Current poverty rate, Poverty in the United States - Concerns about U.S. poverty measure, Poverty in the United States - Food security, Poverty in the United States - Causes of poverty, Poverty in the United States - Fighting poverty

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Obesity - Causative factors. Obesity is believed to be caused by excessive caloric intake accompanied with insufficient caloric expenditure. Factors that may contribute to this imbalance include: Limited exercise and sedentary lifestyle Genetic predisposition A high glycemic diet (i.e. a diet that consists of meals that give high postprandial blood sugar) Weight cycling, caused by repeated attempts to lose weight by dieting Underlying illness (e.g. hypothyroidism)< ...

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Obesity, Obesity - Definition, Obesity - Etymology, Obesity - Cultural and social significance, Obesity - Culture and obesity, Obesity - Popular culture, Obesity - Causes, Obesity - Causative factors, Obesity - Evolutionary aspects, Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms, Obesity - Societal causes, Obesity - Poverty link, Obesity - Complications, Obesity - Therapy, Obesity - Controversies, Obesity - Medicalization of obesity, Obesity - Health effects of obesity, Obesity - Medical responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence and public interest, Obesity - Policy responses to obesity

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Obesity - Causative factors. When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, fat cells (and to a lesser extent muscle and liver cells) throughout the body take in the energy and store it as fat. In its simplest conception, therefore, obesity is only made possible when the lifetime energy intake exceeds lifetime energy expenditure by more than it does for individuals of "normal weight." In all individuals, the excess energy utilized to generate fat reserves is minute relative to the total number of calories ...

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Obesity, Obesity - Definition, Obesity - Etymology, Obesity - Cultural and social significance, Obesity - Culture and obesity, Obesity - Popular culture, Obesity - Causes, Obesity - Causative factors, Obesity - Evolutionary aspects, Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms, Obesity - Societal causes, Obesity - Poverty link, Obesity - Complications, Obesity - Therapy, Obesity - Controversies, Obesity - Medicalization of obesity, Obesity - Health effects of obesity, Obesity - Medical responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence and public interest, Obesity - Policy responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence of obesity in American children

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Obesity - Culture and obesity. In several human cultures, obesity is associated with attractiveness, strength, and fertility. Some of the earliest known cultural artifacts, known as Venuses, are pocket-sized statuettes representing an obese female figure. Although their cultural significance is unrecorded, their widespread use throughout pre-historic Mediterranean and European cultures suggests a central role for the obese female form in magical rituals, and implies cult ...

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Obesity, Obesity - Definition, Obesity - Etymology, Obesity - Cultural and social significance, Obesity - Culture and obesity, Obesity - Popular culture, Obesity - Causes, Obesity - Causative factors, Obesity - Evolutionary aspects, Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms, Obesity - Societal causes, Obesity - Poverty link, Obesity - Complications, Obesity - Therapy, Obesity - Controversies, Obesity - Medicalization of obesity, Obesity - Health effects of obesity, Obesity - Medical responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence and public interest, Obesity - Policy responses to obesity

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Obesity, especially central obesity (male-type or waist-predomimant obesity), is an important risk factor for the "metabolic syndrome" ("syndrome X"), the clustering of a number of diseases and risk factors that heavily predispose for cardiovascular disease. These are diabetes mellitus type 2, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and triglyceride levels (combined hyperlipidemia). An inflammatory state is present, which — together with the above — has been implicated in the high prevalence of atherosclerosis (fatty lumps in the arterial wall), and a prothrombotic stat ...

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Obesity, Obesity - Definition, Obesity - Etymology, Obesity - Cultural and social significance, Obesity - Culture and obesity, Obesity - Popular culture, Obesity - Causes, Obesity - Causative factors, Obesity - Evolutionary aspects, Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms, Obesity - Societal causes, Obesity - Poverty link, Obesity - Complications, Obesity - Therapy, Obesity - Controversies, Obesity - Medicalization of obesity, Obesity - Health effects of obesity, Obesity - Medical responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence and public interest, Obesity - Policy responses to obesity

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The mainstay of treatment for obesity is an energy-limited diet and increased exercise. Although adherence to this regimen can cure obesity, many patients are unable to make the required sacrifices. In fact there are no studies showing that an energy restricted diet can lead to long term weight loss. It appears that the homeostatic mechanisms regulating body weight are very robust, thus impeding weight loss when attempted using calorie restriction. Recent scientific research has cast some doubt over whether or not dieting actually improves h ...

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Obesity, Obesity - Definition, Obesity - Etymology, Obesity - Cultural and social significance, Obesity - Culture and obesity, Obesity - Popular culture, Obesity - Causes, Obesity - Causative factors, Obesity - Evolutionary aspects, Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms, Obesity - Societal causes, Obesity - Poverty link, Obesity - Complications, Obesity - Therapy, Obesity - Controversies, Obesity - Medicalization of obesity, Obesity - Health effects of obesity, Obesity - Medical responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence and public interest, Obesity - Policy responses to obesity

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There is continuous debate over obesity, at several levels. While scientific evidence for particular risks and treatments is fairly firm, the evidence informing debates on exact causation, social impact and necessary policy responses is much less clear-cut. In the area of policy and public debate, statistics demonstrating correlations are typically misinterpreted as demonstrating causation, a fallacy known as the spurious relationship. As much of the data is open to interpretation, there have been many "experts" taking positions, as well as policy pressure groups, influencing the debate from various angles. Ob ...

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Obesity, Obesity - Definition, Obesity - Etymology, Obesity - Cultural and social significance, Obesity - Culture and obesity, Obesity - Popular culture, Obesity - Causes, Obesity - Causative factors, Obesity - Evolutionary aspects, Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms, Obesity - Societal causes, Obesity - Poverty link, Obesity - Complications, Obesity - Therapy, Obesity - Controversies, Obesity - Medicalization of obesity, Obesity - Health effects of obesity, Obesity - Medical responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence and public interest, Obesity - Policy responses to obesity

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Obesity is a concept that is being continually redefined. In humans, the most common statistical estimate of obesity is the body mass index (BMI), calculated by dividing the weight by the height squared; its unit is therefore kg/m2, although no actual surface is implied. The BMI was created in the 19th century by the Belgian statistician Adolphe Quetelet. Interpretation of the BMI: A person with a BMI over 25.0 kg/m2 is considered overweight. A BMI over 30.0 kg/m2 de ...

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Obesity, Obesity - Definition, Obesity - Etymology, Obesity - Cultural and social significance, Obesity - Culture and obesity, Obesity - Popular culture, Obesity - Causes, Obesity - Causative factors, Obesity - Evolutionary aspects, Obesity - Neurobiological mechanisms, Obesity - Societal causes, Obesity - Poverty link, Obesity - Complications, Obesity - Therapy, Obesity - Controversies, Obesity - Medicalization of obesity, Obesity - Health effects of obesity, Obesity - Medical responses to obesity, Obesity - Prevalence and public interest, Obesity - Policy responses to obesity

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