potential energy

The roller coaster is a popular amusement ride developed for amusement parks and modern theme parks. LaMarcus Adna Thompson patented the first roller coaster on January 20, 1865. In essence a specialised railroad system, a coaster consists of a track that rises and falls in specially designed patterns, sometimes with one or more inversions (the most common being loops) that turns the rider briefly upside down. The track does not necessarily have to be a complete circuit (the antonym of complete circuit is "shuttle"), though som ...

Including:

• Roller coaster - Mechanics
• Roller coaster - Blocking
• Roller coaster - History
• Roller coaster - Safety
• Roller coaster - Types of roller coasters
• Roller coaster - Rider Experience
• Roller coaster - Height-specific
• Roller coaster - Track Design
• Roller coaster - Designers and Manufacturers

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In physics, the action principle is an assertion about the nature of motion, from which the trajectory of an object subject to forces can be determined. The path of an object is the one that yields a stationary value for a quantity called the action. Thus, instead of thinking about an object accelerating in response to applied forces, one might think of them picking out the path with a stationary action. The principle is also called the principle of stationary action and also Hamilton's principle. Other sta ...

Including:

• Action physics - Some applications of the action principle
• Action physics - History
• Action physics - Action principle in classical mechanics
• Action physics - Euler-Lagrange equations for the action integral
• Action physics - Example: Free particle in polar coordinates
• Action physics - Einstein-Hilbert action
• Action physics - Literature

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The orbital speed of a body, generally a planet, a natural satellite, an artificial satellite, or a multiple star, is the speed at which it orbits around the barycenter of a system, usually around a more massive body. It can be used to refer to either the mean orbital speed, the average speed as it completes an orbit, or instantaneous orbital speed, the speed at a particular point in its orbit. The orbital speed at any position in the orbit can be computed from the distance to the central body at that position, and the specific orbital energy, which is independent of position: the kinetic en ...

Including:

• Orbital speed - Radial trajectories
• Orbital speed - Transverse orbital speed
• Orbital speed - Mean orbital speed

Read more here: » Orbital speed: Encyclopedia - Orbital speed

Kinetic energy is energy that a body has as a result of its speed or energy of motion. It is formally defined as work needed to accelerate a body from rest to a velocity v. Having gained this energy during its acceleration, the body maintains this kinetic energy unless its speed changes. The same amount of work would also be required to return the body to a state of rest from that velocity. Kinetic energy - Simple explanation. Energy can exist in many forms, for example chemical energy, heat, ...

Including:

• Kinetic energy - Simple explanation
• Kinetic energy - Simple calculation
• Kinetic energy - More simple examples
• Kinetic energy - Rigorous definitions
• Kinetic energy - In Newtonian mechanics
• Kinetic energy - In Relativistic mechanics

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Astrodynamics is the study of the motion of rockets, missiles, and space vehicles, as determined from Sir Isaac Newton's laws of motion and his law of universal gravitation. It is a specific and distinct branch of celestial mechanics, which focuses more broadly on Newtonian gravitation and includes the orbital motions of artificial and natural astronomical bodies such as planets, moons, and comets. Astrodynamics is principally concerned with spacecraft trajectories, from launch to atmospheric re-entry, including all orbital maneuvers, ...

Including:

• Astrodynamics - Laws of astrodynamics
• Astrodynamics - Formulae for ellipse
• Astrodynamics - Historical approaches
• Astrodynamics - Kepler's equation
• Astrodynamics - Perturbation theory
• Astrodynamics - Modern techniques
• Astrodynamics - Conic orbits
• Astrodynamics - Transfer orbits
• Astrodynamics - The patched conic approximation
• Astrodynamics - The universal variable formulation
• Astrodynamics - Perturbations
• Astrodynamics - Non-ideal orbits
• Astrodynamics - Interplanetary superhighway and fuzzy orbits
• Astrodynamics - Reference

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Fuel is a material with one type of energy which can be transformed into another usable energy. A common example is potential energy being converted into kinetic energy, (as heat and mechanical work). In many cases this is just something that will burn. Fuel - Fuels. Fuel - Solid fuels. There are many different types of fuel. Solid fuels include coal, wood and peat. All these types of fuel are combustible (they create fire and heat). Coal was burnt by steam trains ...

Including:

• Fuel - Fuels
• Fuel - Solid fuels
• Fuel - Liquid and gas fuels
• Fuel - Nuclear fuels
• Fuel - Other fuel
• Fuel - Fuel values

Read more here: » Fuel: Encyclopedia - Fuel

Binding energy is the energy required to disassemble a whole into separate parts. A bound system has a lower potential energy than its constituent parts; this is what keeps the system together; it corresponds to a positive binding energy. At the nuclear level, binding energy is derived from the strong nuclear force and is the energy required to disassemble a nucleus into neutrons and protons. At the atomic level, binding energy is derived from electromagnetic interaction and is the energy required to disassemble an atom into el ...

Including:

• Binding energy - Binding energy of a deuteron ²H
• Binding energy - Nuclear binding energy curve
• Binding energy - Measuring the binding energy

Read more here: » Binding energy: Encyclopedia - Binding energy

An elevator is a transport device used to move goods or people vertically. In British English and other Commonwealth Englishes, elevators are known more commonly as lifts, although the word elevator is familiar from American movies and television shows, just as some Americans are aware of lift from imported entertainment. Other languages may have loanwords based on either elevator (e.g. Japanese) or lift (e.g. Cantonese). Because of wheelchair access laws, elevators are often a requirement in new bui ...

Including:

• Elevator - History
• Elevator - Modern elevator construction
• Elevator - Elevator safety
• Elevator - Uses of elevators
• Elevator - Passenger service
• Elevator - Passenger elevator capacity
• Elevator - Types of passenger elevators
• Elevator - Freight elevators
• Elevator - Dumb waiter
• Elevator - Material handling belts
• Elevator - Types of elevator hoist mechanisms
• Elevator - Traction elevators
• Elevator - Hydraulic type
• Elevator - Climbing elevator
• Elevator - Paternoster
• Elevator - Controlling elevators
• Elevator - General controls
• Elevator - Floor numbering
• Elevator - The elevator algorithm
• Elevator - Computer dispatched
• Elevator - Special operating modes
• Elevator - Standards
• Elevator - US and Canadian elevator standard specifics
• Elevator - Unique elevator systems
• Elevator - The gateway arch
• Elevator - New city hall Hannover Germany
• Elevator - Luxor Inclinator
• Elevator - Top of the Rock elevators
• Elevator - Fourth Street elevator
• Elevator - Manufacturers of elevators

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In physics, a force is an external cause responsible for any change of a physical system. For instance, a person holding a dog by a rope is experiencing the force applied by the rope on their hand, and the cause for its pulling forward is the force exercised by the rope. The kinetic expression of this change is, according to Newton's second law, acceleration, but non-kinetic expressions such as deformation can also occur. The SI unit for force is the newton. Force - Elementary concepts. Force in its most pr ...

Including:

• Force - Elementary concepts
• Force - Quantitative definition
• Force - Types of force
• Force - Properties of force
• Force - Forces in theory
• Force - Units of measurement
• Force - Non-SI units of force and mass
• Force - Conversions
• Force - Forces in everyday life
• Force - Forces in the laboratory
• Force - Founding experiments
• Force - Instruments to measure forces
• Force - History

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Hydroelectricity is a form of hydropower used to produce electricity. Most hydroelectric power comes from the potential energy of dammed water driving a water turbine and generator. Less common variations make use of water's kinetic energy or undammed sources such as tidal power. Hydroelectricity is a renewable energy source. The energy extracted from water depends not only on the volume but on the difference in height between the source and the water's outflow. This height difference is called the head. The amoun ...

Including:

• Hydroelectricity - Importance
• Hydroelectricity - Advantages and disadvantages
• Hydroelectricity - Hydro-electric facts
• Hydroelectricity - Oldest
• Hydroelectricity - Largest hydro-electric power stations
• Hydroelectricity - Countries with the most hydro-electric capacity

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In physics, the Schrödinger equation, proposed by the Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger in 1925, describes the time-dependence of quantum mechanical systems. It is of central importance to the theory of quantum mechanics, playing a role analogous to Newton's second law in classical mechanics. In the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, each system is associated with a complex Hilbert space such that each instantaneous state of the system is described by a unit vector in that space. This state vector encodes the p ...

Including:

• Schrödinger equation - Time-independent Schrödinger equation
• Schrödinger equation - Schrödinger wave equation
• Schrödinger equation - The wavefunction
• Schrödinger equation - Operators in the position basis
• Schrödinger equation - Non-relativistic Schrödinger wave equation
• Schrödinger equation - Probability currents
• Schrödinger equation - Solutions of the Schrödinger equation

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Warhammer 40,000 (informally known as Warhammer 40K or just 40K) is a science fiction tabletop miniature wargame, produced by the British gaming company Games Workshop. Play centres around 28mm scale (approximately 1:65) miniature figurines produced by Citadel Miniatures, which represent soldiers, creatures and vehicles of war. The game requires a combination of tactics and luck. Warhammer 40K is the science fiction companion to Warhammer Fantasy. Warhammer 40K allows for less regimental, formation-based movement, ...

Including:

• Warhammer 40000 - History
• Warhammer 40000 - Warhammer 40K the Game
• Warhammer 40000 - Overview
• Warhammer 40000 - Collecting
• Warhammer 40000 - Modelling
• Warhammer 40000 - Current state of play
• Warhammer 40000 - Background
• Warhammer 40000 - Setting
• Warhammer 40000 - Armies/Races/Species
• Warhammer 40000 - Notable characters
• Warhammer 40000 - Warhammer 40K spin-offs
• Warhammer 40000 - Miniature based games
• Warhammer 40000 - Non-miniature Games
• Warhammer 40000 - Computer games
• Warhammer 40000 - Non-wargame products

Read more here: » Warhammer 40000: Encyclopedia - Warhammer 40000

In physics, the correspondence principle is a principle, first invoked by Niels Bohr in 1923, which states that the behavior of quantum mechanical systems reduce to classical physics in the limit of large quantum numbers. The rules of quantum mechanics are highly successful in describing microscopic objects, such as atoms and elementary particles. On the other hand, we know from experiment that a variety of macroscopic systems (springs, capacitors, and so forth) can be accurately described by classical theories such as classica ...

Including:

• Correspondence principle - Other uses of the term
• Correspondence principle - An example: the quantum harmonic oscillator
• Correspondence principle - Quote

Read more here: » Correspondence principle: Encyclopedia - Correspondence principle

Vacuum energy is an underlying background energy that exists in space even when devoid of matter. The vacuum energy is too tiny to have a direct effect on everyday situations. However, it is observed in delicate quantum-mechanical experiments and has consequences for the behavior of the Universe on cosmological scales. Vacuum energy - Vacuum energy in theories of elementary particles. Quantum field theory, which describes the interactions between elementary particles in terms of fields, allows a cont ...

Including:

• Vacuum energy - Vacuum energy in theories of elementary particles
• Vacuum energy - Implications
• Vacuum energy - History

Read more here: » Vacuum energy: Encyclopedia - Vacuum energy

A current is fluid flow, especially of water or air. A current is any continuous, directed movement of a fluid. Naturally occurring currents can be explained as an increase in entropy. In a river or stream, the water is influenced by gravity, and flows downhill to reduce its potential energy. The movement of water in a stream is called the current and this movement will vary from place to place and time to time dependent upon the volume of water, the slope, and ...

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A water turbine is a rotary engine that takes energy from moving water. Water turbines were developed in the nineteenth century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now they are mostly used for electric power generation. They harness a clean and renewable energy source. Water turbine - History. Water turbine - Swirl. Water wheels have been used for thousands of years for industrial power. Their main shortcoming is size, which limits the flo ...

Including:

• Water turbine - History
• Water turbine - Swirl
• Water turbine - Time line
• Water turbine - A new concept
• Water turbine - Theory of operation
• Water turbine - Reaction turbines
• Water turbine - Impulse turbines
• Water turbine - Power
• Water turbine - Pumped storage
• Water turbine - Efficiency
• Water turbine - Types of water turbines
• Water turbine - Design and application
• Water turbine - Typical range of heads
• Water turbine - Specific speed
• Water turbine - Runaway speed
• Water turbine - Environmental impact

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Energy is a measure of being able to do mechanical work.[1] This is a fundamental concept pertaining to the ability for action. In physics, it is a quantity that every physical system possesses. This quantity is not absolute but relative to a state of the system known as its reference state or reference level. The energy of a physical system is defined as the amount of mechanical work that the system can produce if it changes its state to its reference state; for example if a liter of water cools down to 0°C or if a car hits a ...

Including:

• Energy - Forms of Energy
• Energy - Units
• Energy - SI
• Energy - Other units of energy
• Energy - Transfer of energy
• Energy - Work
• Energy - Heat
• Energy - Conservation of energy
• Energy - Types of energy
• Energy - Kinetic energy
• Energy - Potential energy
• Energy - Internal energy
• Energy - History
• Energy - Energy and Economy
• Energy - Energy in natural sciences
• Energy - Energy resources
• Energy - Other energy Topics
• Energy - Notes

Read more here: » Energy: Encyclopedia - Energy

Work (abbreviated W) is the energy transferred by a force to a moving object. Work is a scalar quantity, but it can be positive or negative. Work is associated with a change in energy, but not all changes in energy can be readily analysed in terms of work. In addition, not all forces do work. For instance, a centripetal force in uniform circular motion does not transfer energy; the kinetic energy of the object undergoing the motion remains constant. Mechanical work - Definition. Note: Reade ...

Including:

• Mechanical work - Definition
• Mechanical work - Units
• Mechanical work - Simpler formulae
• Mechanical work - Types of work
• Mechanical work - PV work
• Mechanical work - Mechanical energy
• Mechanical work - Conservation of mechanical energy

Read more here: » Mechanical work: Encyclopedia - Mechanical work

In physics, classical mechanics or Newtonian mechanics is one of the two major sub-fields of study in the science of mechanics, which is concerned with the set of physical laws governing and mathematically describing the motions of bodies and aggregates of bodies. The other sub-field is quantum mechanics. The term classical mechanics was coined in the early 20th century to describe the system of mathematical physics developed in the 400 years since the groundbreaking works of Brahe, Kepler, and Galileo,but before the dev ...

Including:

• Classical mechanics - Description of the theory
• Classical mechanics - Position and its derivatives
• Classical mechanics - Forces; Newton's second law
• Classical mechanics - Energy
• Classical mechanics - Beyond Newton's Laws
• Classical mechanics - Classical transformations
• Classical mechanics - History
• Classical mechanics - Limits of validity
• Classical mechanics - The classical approximation to special relativity
• Classical mechanics - The classical approximation to quantum mechanics
• Classical mechanics - Notes

Read more here: » Classical mechanics: Encyclopedia - Classical mechanics

A conservative force is a force which is path-independent. In other words, in moving an object from point A to point B, the total work done is independent of the path that the object took. The term conservative force comes from the fact that when a conservative force exists, it is possible to view the effects of the force in terms of a change in potential energy which keeps the mechanical energy conserved. The f

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