Postmodernism - Postmodernism in language. Important to postmodernism's role in language is the focus on the implied meaning of words and forms the power structures that are accepted as part of the way words are used, from the use of the word "Man" with a capital "M" to refer to the collective humanity, to the default of the word "he" in English as a pronoun for a person of gender unknown to the speaker, or as a casual replacement for the word "one". This, however, is merely the most obvious example of the changing relation ...

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Postmodernism, Postmodernism - Uses of the term, Postmodernism - Art, Postmodernism - Sociology, Postmodernism - Lifestyle, Postmodernism - Philosophy, Postmodernism - A general definition, Postmodernism - The development of postmodernism, Postmodernism - Early usage of the term, Postmodernism - Deconstruction, Postmodernism - Postmodernism's manifestations, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in language, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in art, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in architecture, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and Urban Design, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in graphic design, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in literature, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in music, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in political science, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in philosophy, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and post-structuralism, Postmodernism - Postmodernity and digital communications, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and its critics, Postmodernism - Relationship between modernism and postmodernism, Postmodernism - Theoretical postmodernism, Postmodernism - Cultural and political postmodernism, Postmodernism - Notes

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Postmodernism, Postmodernism - Uses of the term, Postmodernism - Art, Postmodernism - Sociology, Postmodernism - Lifestyle, Postmodernism - Philosophy, Postmodernism - A general definition, Postmodernism - The development of postmodernism, Postmodernism - Early usage of the term, Postmodernism - Deconstruction, Postmodernism - Postmodernism's manifestations, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in language, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in art, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in architecture, Postmodernism - Postmodernism Planning & Urban Design, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in graphic design, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in literature, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in music, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in political science, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in philosophy, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and post-structuralism, Postmodernism - Postmodernity and digital communications, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and its critics, Postmodernism - Relationship between modernism and postmodernism, Postmodernism - Theoretical postmodernism, Postmodernism - Cultural and political postmodernism, Postmodernism - Notes

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Deconstruction is a term which is used to denote the application of post-modern ideas of criticism, or theory, to a "text" or "artifact". A deconstruction is meant to undermine the frame of reference and assumptions that underpin the text or the artifact. In its original use, a "deconstruction" is an important textual "occurrence" described and analyzed by many postmodern authors and philosophers. They argued that aspects in the text itself would undermine its own authority or assumptions, that internal contradictions would erase boun ...

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Postmodernism, Postmodernism - Uses of the term, Postmodernism - Art, Postmodernism - Sociology, Postmodernism - Lifestyle, Postmodernism - Philosophy, Postmodernism - A general definition, Postmodernism - The development of postmodernism, Postmodernism - Early usage of the term, Postmodernism - Deconstruction, Postmodernism - Postmodernism's manifestations, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in language, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in art, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in architecture, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and Urban Design, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in graphic design, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in literature, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in music, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in political science, Postmodernism - Postmodernism in philosophy, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and post-structuralism, Postmodernism - Postmodernity and digital communications, Postmodernism - Postmodernism and its critics, Postmodernism - Relationship between modernism and postmodernism, Postmodernism - Theoretical postmodernism, Postmodernism - Cultural and political postmodernism, Postmodernism - Notes

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Previous: Modernism Postmodernism is any of a wide-ranging set of developments in critical theory, philosophy, architecture, art, literature, history, and culture, which are generally characterized as either emerging from, in reaction to, or superseding modernism. It can apply to movements in the arts, to mean stylistic developments such as collage, the return of ornament and historical reference, as well as appropriation of popular media. In sociology postmodernism is said to be an economic and cultural c ...

Including:

Postmodernism - Uses of the term Postmodernism - The development of postmodernism
Postmodernism - Early usage of the term
Postmodernism - Deconstruction Postmodernism - Postmodernism's manifestations
Postmodernism - Postmodernism in language Postmodernism - Postmodernism in art Postmodernism - Postmodernism in architecture Postmodernism - Postmodernism in literature Postmodernism - Postmodernism in music Postmodernism - Postmodernism in political science
Postmodernism - Postmodernism in philosophy
Postmodernism - Postmodernism and post-structuralism Postmodernism - Postmodernity and digital communications
Postmodernism - Postmodernism and its critics Postmodernism - Relationship between modernism and postmodernism
Postmodernism - Theoretical postmodernism Postmodernism - Cultural and political postmodernism
Postmodernism - Notes

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The term contemporary art generally refers to art being done now. The use of the literal adjective "contemporary" to define this period in art history is partly due to the lack of any distinct or dominant school of art as recognized by artists, art historians and critics. It tends to include art made from the late 1960s to the present, or after the end of modern art or the Modernist period. Art made or performed since Modernism is also sometimes called postmodern art, but as postmodernism can refer to both a historical timeframe and a ...

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Contemporary art - Trends in contemporary art Contemporary art - Contemporary Art Museums Contemporary art - Prizes

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Main article: Medieval art Most surviving art from the Medieval period was religious in focus, often funded by the Church, powerful ecclesiastical individuals such as bishops, communal groups such as abbeys, or wealthy secular patrons. Many had specific liturgical functions — processional crosses and altarpieces, for example. One of the central questions about Medieval art concerns its lack of realism. A great deal of knowledge of perspective in art and understanding of the human figure was lost with the fall of Rome. ...

Including:

Western art history - Medieval art
Western art history - Romanesque
Western art history - The Renaissance
Western art history - From Gothic to the Renaissance Western art history - Early Renaissance Western art history - High Renaissance Western art history - Northern Renaissance
Western art history - Mannerism Baroque and Rococo Western art history - Neoclassicism Romanticism Academism and Realism Western art history - Modern Art Western art history - Contemporary and Postmodern art

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Nihilism as a philosophical position is the view that the world, and especially human existence, is without meaning, purpose, comprehensible truth, or essential value. Some philosophers are considered nihilists if they hold the philosophical position that either (1) nothing exists (all there is is nothing), (2) the reality we humans experience does not exist at all as we see it, or (3) reality is unknowable, and thus the pursuit of objective understanding is pointless. It is more often a charge leveled against a particular idea ...

Including:

Nihilism - Etymological Origins Nihilism - Nihilism in Philosophy
Nihilism - Nihilism in Ethics and Morality Nihilism - Postmodernism and the Breakdown of Knowledge Nihilism - Nihilism and Nietzsche Nihilism - Nihilism Self-consistency and Paradox
Nihilism - Nihilism in Art
Nihilism - Dadaism Nihilism - Nihilism in Literature Nihilism - Nihilism in Music
Nihilism - Books on Nihilism

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Charles Jencks, born 1939 in Baltimore is an architect and architectural theorist, famous for his writings on postmodern architecture. Although not inventing the term, his 1977 book The Language of Postmodern Architecture is often regarded as having popularised its use. In Edinburgh, Scotland, he designed the Landform at the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art. His late wife, Maggie Keswick Jencks was the founder of the Maggie's cancer caring centres and the author of a book on Chinese Gardens. Charles Jencks has bec

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The term camp—normally used as an adjective, even though earliest recorded uses employed it mainly as a verb—refers to the deliberate and sophisticated use of kitsch, mawkish or corny themes and styles in art, clothing or conversation. A part of the anti-academic defense of popular culture in the sixties, camp came to academic prominence in the eighties with the widespread adoption of the Postmodern views on art and culture. Today, camp falls into two distinct categories: intentional camp and unintentional camp. Inte ...

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Camp style - Origins and development Camp style - Academic appropriation or proliferation of camp Camp style - Examples of Camp Camp style - Source

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Alex Grey (born November 29, 1953 in Columbus, Ohio) is an artist specializing in spiritual and psychedelic art that is sometimes associated with the New Age movement. His oeuvre spans a variety of forms including performance art, installation art, sculpture, and most significantly, painting. Grey is a member of the Integral Institute. Alex Grey - Paintings. His paintings can be described as an unusual contemporary blend of sacred or visionary art and postmodern art. His work often depicts aspects of the su ...

Including:

Alex Grey - Paintings
Alex Grey - Painting and Music Groups
Alex Grey - In the Media Alex Grey - Philosophy Alex Grey - Collections

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Jouissance is a French term which translated means "enjoyment" and is contrasted with plaisir. In every sense of the word it is whatever "gets you off". Something that gives the subject a way out of its normative subjectivity through transcendent bliss whether that bliss or orgasmic rapture be found in texts, films, works of art or sexual spheres; excess as opposed to utility. It is a popular term in postmodernism and queer theory used by Roland Barthes, Jacques Lacan, Judith Butler, and others. Leo Bersani considers jouissance as intrinsicly ...

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Jouissance - Source

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The Black Mountain poets, sometimes called the Projectivist poets, were a group of mid 20th century American avant-garde or postmodern poets centered around Black Mountain College. Black Mountain poets - Background. Black Mountain College, which operated from 1933 to 1956, was one of the leading experimental schools of art in the United States. The college attracted leading figures from across the arts as teachers. These included Josef Albers, John Cage, Merce Cunningham, Willem and Elaine de Kooning ...

Including:

Black Mountain poets - Background Black Mountain poets - Projective Verse Black Mountain poets - The Main Black Mountain Poets Black Mountain poets - Legacy of the Black Mountain Poets

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Architecture Cinema Comic books Cuisine Dance Literature Music Poetry Sculpture Television Theater Visual arts American literature refers to written or literary work produced in the area of the United States and Colonial America. For more specific discussions of poetry and theater, see Poetry of the United States and Theater in the United Stat ...

Including:

American literature - Overview American literature - Colonial literature American literature - Early U.S. literature American literature - Unique American style American literature - American lyric American literature - Realism Twain and James American literature - Turn of the century American literature - Theater American literature - Post-World War II American literature - Post-Postmodernism and Other Recent Movements American literature - Modern humorist literature American literature - Southern literature American literature - Jewish writers American literature - African American literature American literature - Other ethnic minority and immigrant literatures American literature - Other genres American literature - External link

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Main article: Medieval art Most surviving art from the Medieval period was religious in focus, often funded by the Church, powerful ecclesiastical individuals such as bishops, communal groups such as abbeys, or wealthy secular patrons. Many had specific liturgical functions — processional crosses and altarpieces, for example. One of the central questions about Medieval art concerns its lack of realism. A great deal of knowledge of perspective in art and understanding of the human figure was lost with the fall of Rome. ...

See also:

Western art history, Western art history - Medieval art, Western art history - Romanesque, Western art history - The Renaissance, Western art history - From Gothic to the Renaissance, Western art history - Early Renaissance, Western art history - High Renaissance, Western art history - Northern Renaissance, Western art history - Mannerism Baroque and Rococo, Western art history - Neoclassicism Romanticism Academism and Realism, Western art history - Modern Art, Western art history - Contemporary and Postmodern art

Read more here: » Western art history: Encyclopedia II - Western art history - Medieval art

In European art, Renaissance Classicism spawned two different movements— Mannerism and the Baroque. Mannerism, a reaction against the idealist perfection of Classicism, employed distortion of light and spatial frameworks in order to emphasize the emotional content of a painting and the emotions of the painter. Baroque art took the representationalism of the Renaissance to new heights, emphasizing detail, movement, lighting, and drama in their search for beauty. Perhaps the best known Baroque painters are Rembrandt, Peter Paul Rubens, Diego ...

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Western art history, Western art history - Medieval art, Western art history - Romanesque, Western art history - The Renaissance, Western art history - From Gothic to the Renaissance, Western art history - Early Renaissance, Western art history - High Renaissance, Western art history - Northern Renaissance, Western art history - Mannerism Baroque and Rococo, Western art history - Neoclassicism Romanticism Academism and Realism, Western art history - Modern Art, Western art history - Contemporary and Postmodern art

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As time passed, many artists were repulsed by the ornate grandeur of these styles and sought to revert to the earlier, simpler art of the Renaissance, creating Neoclassicism. Neoclassicism was the artistic component of the intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment, which was similarly idealistic. Ingres, Canova, and Jacques-Louis David are among the best-known neoclassicists. Just as Mannerism rejected Classicism, so did Romanticism reject the ideas of the Enlightenment and the aesthetic of the Neoclassicists. Romantic art focu ...

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Western art history, Western art history - Medieval art, Western art history - Romanesque, Western art history - The Renaissance, Western art history - From Gothic to the Renaissance, Western art history - Early Renaissance, Western art history - High Renaissance, Western art history - Northern Renaissance, Western art history - Mannerism Baroque and Rococo, Western art history - Neoclassicism Romanticism Academism and Realism, Western art history - Modern Art, Western art history - Contemporary and Postmodern art

Read more here: » Western art history: Encyclopedia II - Western art history - Neoclassicism Romanticism Academism and Realism

The Renaissance is characterized by a focus on the arts of Ancient Greece and Rome, which led to many changes in both the technical aspects of painting and sculpture, as well as to their subject matter. It began in Italy, a country rich in Roman heritage as well as material prosperity to fund artists. During the Renaissance, painters began to enhance the realism of their work by using new techniques in perspective, thus representing three dimensions more authentically. Artists also began to use new techniques in the manipulation of light and ...

See also:

Western art history, Western art history - Medieval art, Western art history - Romanesque, Western art history - The Renaissance, Western art history - From Gothic to the Renaissance, Western art history - Early Renaissance, Western art history - High Renaissance, Western art history - Northern Renaissance, Western art history - Mannerism Baroque and Rococo, Western art history - Neoclassicism Romanticism Academism and Realism, Western art history - Modern Art, Western art history - Contemporary and Postmodern art

Read more here: » Western art history: Encyclopedia II - Western art history - The Renaissance

Out of the naturalist ethic of Realism grew a major artistic movement, Impressionism. The Impressionists pioneered the use of light in painting as they attempted to capture light as seen from the human eye. Edgar Degas, Edouard Manet, Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, were all involved in the Impressionist movement. Following the Impressionists came Fauvism, often considered the first "modern" genre of art. Just as the Impressionists revolutionized light, so did the fauvists rethink color, painting their canva ...

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Western art history, Western art history - Medieval art, Western art history - Romanesque, Western art history - The Renaissance, Western art history - From Gothic to the Renaissance, Western art history - Early Renaissance, Western art history - High Renaissance, Western art history - Northern Renaissance, Western art history - Mannerism Baroque and Rococo, Western art history - Neoclassicism Romanticism Academism and Realism, Western art history - Modern Art, Western art history - Contemporary and Postmodern art

Read more here: » Western art history: Encyclopedia II - Western art history - Modern Art

One of the first painters that served as a demonstrative example of kitsch is the Hungarian Charles Roka. Despised by the art world, he was nevertheless loved by the people. He became famous for his numerous variations of the Gipsy Girl, where he painted exotic looking gypsies in a pin-up style, and for sentimental portraits of children with their pet dogs. A modern example of a painter considered by most art critics and academics to be producing kitsch, but widely loved by those with less artistic sophistication, is the commer ...

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Kitsch, Kitsch - History, Kitsch - Avant-garde and kitsch, Kitsch - Academic art, Kitsch - Postmodernism, Kitsch - The concept of the kitsch-man, Kitsch - Examples, Kitsch - Trivia, Kitsch - Quotations

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Though its precise etymology is uncertain, it is widely held that the word originated in the Munich art markets of the 1860s and 70s, used to describe cheap, hotly marketable pictures or sketches (the English term mispronounced by Germans, or elided with the German verb verkitschen, to “make cheap”). Kitsch appealed to the crass tastes of the newly moneyed Munich bourgeoisie who, like most nouveau riche, thought they could achieve the status they envied in the traditional class of cultural elites by apeing, however clumsily, the most apparent ...

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Kitsch, Kitsch - History, Kitsch - Avant-garde and kitsch, Kitsch - Academic art, Kitsch - Postmodernism, Kitsch - The concept of the kitsch-man, Kitsch - Examples, Kitsch - Trivia, Kitsch - Quotations

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