porous - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Cancún: Encyclopedia - Cancún
Cancún is a coastal city in Mexico's easternmost state, Quintana Roo. It is the municipal seat of Benito Juárez municipality and a worl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coke Fuel: Encyclopedia - Coke Fuel
Coke is a solid carbonaceous residue derived from low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal. The volatile constituents of the coal (including w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caliche: Encyclopedia - Caliche
Caliche is a hardened deposit of calcium carbonate. This calcium carbonate cements together other materials, including gravel, sand, clay...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia - Petroleum
Petroleum (from Greek petra – rock and oleum – oil), crude oil, sometimes colloquially called black gold, is a thick, dark brown or g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Capillary Action: Encyclopedia - Capillary Action
Capillary action or capillarity (also known as capillary motion) is the ability of a narrow tube to draw a liquid upwards against the for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia - Bhutan
The Kingdom of Bhutan (IPA: /buː'tɑːn/ Listen ▶ (help·info)) is a landlocked South Asian nation situated between India and China.Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bolt Manufacturing Process: Encyclopedia - Bolt Manufacturing Process
The bolt manufacturing process consists of three stages: Heading Thread rolling Blackening Bolt manufacturing process - Heading. The i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Boundary Layer: Encyclopedia - Boundary Layer
In physics and fluid mechanics, the boundary layer is that layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface. In the atmosph...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aerogel: Encyclopedia - Aerogel
Aerogel is a solid-state substance similar to gel where the liquid component is replaced with gas. The result is an extremely low density...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia - River
A river is a large natural waterway. The source of a river may be a lake, a spring, or a collection of small streams, known as headwaters...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Origin
Petroleum - Biogenic theory. Most geologists view crude oil, like coal and natural gas, as the product of compression and heating of an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - History
Stone tools, weapons, and remnants of large stone structures provide evidence that Bhutan was inhabited as early as 2000 BC. Historians h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caliche: Encyclopedia Ii - Caliche - Economic Uses
Caliche - Building applications. Caliche is used in construction worldwide. The caliche reserves in the Llano Estacado in Texas can be ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Spongebob Squarepants Character: Encyclopedia Ii - Spongebob Squarepants Character - Job And Leisure
SpongeBob has a career as a fry cook at the Krusty Krab restaurant, home of the Krabby Patty. He takes his job very seriously and is very...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Origin
Petroleum - Biogenic theory. Most geologists view crude oil, like coal and natural gas, as the product of compression and heating of an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Capillary Action: Encyclopedia Ii - Capillary Action - Formula
With notes on the dimension in SI units, the height h of a liquid column (m) is given by: ...where: T = surface tension (J/m²) θ = ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sedimentary Rock: Encyclopedia Ii - Sedimentary Rock - Classification
Sedimentary rock - Clastic sedimentary rocks. Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of discrete fragments or clasts of materials deriv...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cancún: Encyclopedia Ii - Cancún - History
In the early 1950s Cancun was an almost unpopulated and undeveloped island just off the Caribbean Sea coast of the Yucatán peninsula, ho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coke Fuel: Encyclopedia Ii - Coke Fuel - Properties & Usage
Coke typically has a specific gravity in the range 1.85 - 1.9. It is highly porous, and a mass of coke has 40% greater volume than the eq...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pottery: Encyclopedia Ii - Pottery - Techniques
A person who makes pottery is traditionally known as a potter. The potter's most basic tool is his or her hands, however many of their to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fick's Law Of Diffusion: Encyclopedia Ii - Fick's Law Of Diffusion - Fick's Second Law
Fick's Second Law is used in non-steady state diffusion, i.e., when the concentration within the diffusion volume changes with respect to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - History
Stone tools, weapons, and remnants of large stone structures provide evidence that Bhutan was inhabited as early as 2000 BC. Historians h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lycopene: Encyclopedia Ii - Lycopene - Structure
Lycopene is a terpene assembled from 8 isoprene units. The color of lycopene is due to its many conjugated carbon double bonds. Each doub...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Oil Reservoir: Encyclopedia Ii - Oil Reservoir - Types
In order for an oil reservoir to form, it must be shaped in a way that prevents the escape of hydrocarbons that migrate into it. Petroleu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia Ii - River - Topography
A river conducts water by constantly flowing perpendicular to the elevation curve of its bed, thereby converting the positional energy of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Boundary Layer: Encyclopedia Ii - Boundary Layer - Boundary Layer Equations
The deduction of the boundary layer equations was perhaps one of the most important advances in aerodynamics. Using an order of magnitude...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aerogel: Encyclopedia Ii - Aerogel - Uses
There are a variety of tasks for which aerogels are used. Commercially, aerogels have been used in granular form to add insulation to sky...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bolt Manufacturing Process: Encyclopedia Ii - Bolt Manufacturing Process - Heading
The initial process is a cold forging process to produce a near net shape, called "heading", to produce the overall bolt shape. Bolts hav...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mount Adams Washington: Encyclopedia Ii - Mount Adams Washington - History
Native Americans in the area have created a detailed legend concerning the three smoking mountains that guard the Columbia River. Accordi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Downland: Encyclopedia Ii - Downland - Formation Of Downland
Downland is formed when chalk formations are raised above the surrounding rocks. The chalk slowly erodes to form characteristic rolling h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Demographics
The population of Bhutan, once estimated at several million, has now been officially downgraded--by the Bhutanese government--to 750,000,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - The Name
The origins of the name Bhutan are unclear; historians have suggested that it may have originated in variations of the Sanskrit words Bho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sedimentary Rock: Encyclopedia Ii - Sedimentary Rock - Formation
Sedimentary rocks are formed from overburden pressure as particles of sediment are deposited out of air, ice, or water flows carrying the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Environmental Effects
The presence of oil has significant social and environmental impacts, from accidents and routine activities such as seismic exploration, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Culture
Bhutan remains one of the most secluded nations in the world, and foreigners are not permitted to travel to many of its areas to minimise...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Demographics
The population of Bhutan, once estimated at several million, has now been officially downgraded--by the Bhutanese government--to 750,000,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Military And Foreign Affairs
The Royal Bhutan Army is Bhutan's military service. It includes the Royal Bodyguard and the Royal Bhutan Police. Membership is voluntary,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Government And Politics
The question of whether Bhutan is a sovereign country is a difficult one. Bhutan was treated as a suzerainty by the British Raj, which se...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mount Adams Washington: Encyclopedia Ii - Mount Adams Washington - Glaciers
Ice (mostly in the form of glaciers) covers about 6.2 mile² (16 km²) of the mountain's upper cone and is fed by ample snow and rainfall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mount Adams Washington: Encyclopedia Ii - Mount Adams Washington - Geology
Adams is made of several overlapping cones that together form an 18 mile (29 km) diameter base which is elongated in a north-south direct...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Spongebob Squarepants Character: Encyclopedia Ii - Spongebob Squarepants Character - General
SpongeBob is extremely sweet, generous, friendly, and most of all, trusting. He has a buck-toothed grin, tremendously expressive face and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Spongebob Squarepants Character: Encyclopedia Ii - Spongebob Squarepants Character - Appearance
SpongeBob is an anthropomorphic, yellow, porous, sponge with a face. He has disproportionally thin and short extremities extending from h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia Ii - River - River Lists
River - The world's ten longest rivers. It is difficult to measure the length of a river, mainly because rivers have a fractal property...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Economy
Bhutan's economy is one of the world's smallest and least developed, and is based on agriculture, forestry, and the sale of hydroelectric...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Geography
The northern region consists of an arc of glaciated mountain peaks with an extremely cold climate at the highest elevations. Most peaks i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Future Of Oil
The Hubbert peak theory, also known as peak oil, is a theory concerning the long-term rate of production of conventional oil and other fo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - History
The first oil wells were drilled in China in the 4th century or earlier. They had depth of up to 800 feet and were drilled using bits att...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Extraction
Generally the first stage in the extraction of crude oil is to drill a well into the underground reservoir. Historically, in the USA some...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Classification
The oil industry classifies "crude" by the location of its origin (e.g., "West Texas Intermediate, WTI" or "Brent") and often by its rela...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Pricing
References to the oil price are usually either references to the spot price of either WTI/Light Crude as traded on New York Mercantile Ex...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - The Name
The origins of the name Bhutan are unclear; historians have suggested that it may have originated in variations of the Sanskrit words Bho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fick's Law Of Diffusion: Encyclopedia Ii - Fick's Law Of Diffusion - Fick's First Law
Fick's First Law is used in steady state diffusion, i.e., when the concentration within the diffusion volume does not change with respect...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Top Petroleum-producing Countries
Source: Energy Statistics from the U.S. Government (Ordered by amount (MMbbl/d = millions of barrels per day) produced in 2004): Saudi A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sedimentary Rock: Encyclopedia Ii - Sedimentary Rock - Other Information
Sedimentary rocks are economically important in that they can be used as construction material. In addition, sedimentary rocks often form...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Downland: Encyclopedia Ii - Downland - Downland Soil
The soil profile of chalk downland in England is a thin soil overlaying the parent chalk. Weathering of the chalk has created a character...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia Ii - River - River Lists
River - The world's ten longest rivers. It is difficult to measure the length of a river, mainly because rivers have a fractal property...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia Ii - River - Management
In its natural state a river may be inconvenient to man in a variety of ways. Rivers in inhabited areas have therefore been managed or co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia Ii - River - Flooding
Flooding is a natural part of a river's cycles. Human activity, however, has upset the natural way flooding occurs by walling off rivers ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia Ii - River - Rivers In Myth And Fiction
River - Real rivers. The Thames in Edward Rutherfurd's London. The Thames in Jerome K. Jerome's Three Men in a Boat. The Thames and th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aerogel: Encyclopedia Ii - Aerogel - Properties
Aerogel is composed of 99.8% air with a typical density of 3 mg/cm3. It feels like hard foam. Pressing softly won't leave any mark; press...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bolt Manufacturing Process: Encyclopedia Ii - Bolt Manufacturing Process - Blackening
The final process induced on the now almost complete bolt, is the application of an anti-corrosive layer, to stop oxidation, called "blac...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aerogel: Encyclopedia Ii - Aerogel - Production
Silica aerogel is made by drying a hydrogel composed of colloidal silica in an extreme environment. Specifically, the process starts with...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aerogel: Encyclopedia Ii - Aerogel - Silica Aerogel
Silica aerogel is the most common type of aerogel and the most extensively studied and used. It is a silica-based substance and the world...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River: Encyclopedia Ii - River - Navigation
The Rhine is the busiest river in the world for transport ships. Inland vessels use the river to reach the major cities in Germany, Easte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Top Petroleum-producing Countries
Source: Energy Statistics from the U.S. Government (Ordered by amount (barrels per day) produced in 2004): Saudi Arabia (OPEC) Russia Un...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - History
The first oil wells were drilled in China in the 4th century or earlier. They had depth of up to 800 feet and were drilled using bits att...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Extraction
Generally the first stage in the extraction of crude oil is to drill a well into the underground reservoir. Historically, in the USA some...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Composition
In refining, the component chemicals of petroleum are separated by fractional distillation, which is a separation based on relative boili...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Environmental Effects
The presence of oil has significant social and environmental impacts, from accidents and routine activities such as seismic exploration, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Future Of Oil
Main article: Hubbert Peak The Hubbert peak theory, also known as peak oil, is a theory concerning the long-term rate of production of co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Pricing
References to the oil price are usually either references to the spot price of either WTI/Light Crude as traded on New York Mercantile Ex...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petroleum: Encyclopedia Ii - Petroleum - Classification
The oil industry classifies "crude" by the location of its origin (e.g., "West Texas Intermediate, WTI" or "Brent") and often by its rela...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Boundary Layer: Encyclopedia Ii - Boundary Layer - Aerodynamics
The aerodynamic boundary layer was discovered by Ludwig Prandtl at the beginning of the twentieth century and represents one of the great...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Boundary Layer: Encyclopedia Ii - Boundary Layer - Turbulent Boundary Layers
The treatment of turbulent boundary layers is far more difficult due to the time-dependent variation of the flow properties. One of the m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Culture
Bhutan remains one of the most secluded nations in the world, and foreigners are not permitted to travel to many of its areas to minimise...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Military And Foreign Affairs
The Royal Bhutan Army is Bhutan's military service. It includes the Royal Bodyguard and the Royal Bhutan Police. Membership is voluntary,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fick's Law Of Diffusion: Encyclopedia Ii - Fick's Law Of Diffusion - Fick's First Law
Fick's First Law is used in steady state diffusion, i.e., when the concentration within the diffusion volume does not change with respect...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fick's Law Of Diffusion: Encyclopedia Ii - Fick's Law Of Diffusion - Temperature Dependence Of The Diffusion Coefficient
The diffusion coefficient at different temperatures is often found to be well predicted by Where: D is the diffusion coefficient D0 is ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pottery: Encyclopedia Ii - Pottery - Types Of Pottery
Aesthetic and artistic considerations have often been part of the formation of the pottery vessels, however modern mass production techni...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fick's Law Of Diffusion: Encyclopedia Ii - Fick's Law Of Diffusion - A Biological Perspective
The first law gives rise to the formula It states that the rate of diffusion of a gas across a membrane is Constant for a given gas a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Government And Politics
The question of whether Bhutan is a sovereign country is a difficult one. Bhutan was treated as a suzerainty by the British Raj, which se...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Economy
Bhutan's economy is one of the world's smallest and least developed, and is based on agriculture, forestry, and the sale of hydroelectric...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cancún: Encyclopedia Ii - Cancún - Environmental Concerns
Although some environmentalists claim that Cancún is an environmental disaster, Siegel says that is not true. There has obviously been e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cancún: Encyclopedia Ii - Cancún - History
In the early 1950s Cancún was an almost unpopulated and undeveloped island just off the Caribbean Sea coast of the Yucatán peninsula, h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caliche: Encyclopedia Ii - Caliche - How It Forms
Caliche generally forms when minerals are leached from the upper layer of the soil (the A horizon) and accumulate in the next layer (the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cancún: Encyclopedia Ii - Cancún - Tourism In Cancún
In Cancún there are about 140 hotels with 24,000 rooms and 380 restaurants. Four million visitors arrive each year in an average of 190 ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cancún: Encyclopedia Ii - Cancún - Hurricane Wilma
Wilma was the twenty-first named storm, twelfth hurricane, and sixth major hurricane of the record-breaking 2005 Atlantic hurricane seaso...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bhutan: Encyclopedia Ii - Bhutan - Geography
The northern region consists of an arc of glaciated mountain peaks with an extremely cold climate at the highest elevations. Most peaks i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pottery: Encyclopedia Ii - Pottery - History
Pottery is an ancient technology, and is one of the key technologies in the formation of civilization. The creation of pottery has been a...   » Read the article