Pontormo

Vasari relates how the orphaned boy, "young, melancholy and lonely," was shuttled around as a young apprentice: "Jacopo had not been many months in Florence before Bernardo Vettori sent him to stay with Leonardo da Vinci, and then with Mariotto Albertinelli, Piero di Cosimo, and finally, in 1512, with Andrea del Sarto, with whom he did not remain long, for after he had done the cartoons for the arch of the Servites, it does not seem that Andrea bore him any good will, whatever ...

See also:

Pontormo, Pontormo - Life, Pontormo - Deposition from the Cross in Cappella Capponi at Santa Felicità Florence, Pontormo - Lost or Damaged Works, Pontormo - Critical Assessment And Legacy, Pontormo - Anthology of works, Pontormo - 1522-1530, Pontormo - Mature works after 1530

Read more here: » Pontormo: Encyclopedia II - Pontormo - Life

1494 - Events. January 25 - Alfonso II becomes King of Naples. May 31 - Natives of the island of Tenerife, known as Guanches, defeat invading Spanish forces at the First Battle of Acentejo. June 7 - Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries. October 22 - Ludovico Sforza becomes Duke of Milan. Start of the Italian Wars. The University of Aberdeen is founded by the bishop of Aberdeen. Amda Seyon ...

Including:

• 1494 - Events
• 1494 - Births
• 1494 - Deaths

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1557 - Events. Spain is effectively bankrupt. June - Mary I of England joins her husband Philip II of Spain in his war against France. August 10 - Battle of St. Quentin - French forces under Marshal Anne de Montmorency are decisively defeated by the Spanish under Duke Emanuel Philibert of Savoy. Montmorency himself is captured, but Philip II refuses to press his advantage, and withdraws to the Netherlands. Ozdemir Pasha conquers the Red Sea port of Massawa for the Ottoman EmpireIncluding:

• 1557 - Events
• 1557 - Births
• 1557 - Deaths

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Lodovico Cardi called Cigoli (1559, Villa Castelvecchi di Cigoli - 1613, Rome)) is an Italian painter, architect and poet, born at Cigoli in Tuscany. Educated under Alessandro Allori and Santi di Tito, he formed a peculiar style by the study at Florence of Michelangelo, Correggio, Andrea del Sarto and Pontormo. Assimilating more of the second of these masters than of all the others, he labored for some years with success; but the attacks of his enemies, and intense application to the production of a wax model of certain anatomi ...

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Jacopo da Pontormo's Joseph in Egypt stood in what would have been considered contradicting colors and disunified time and space in the Renaissance. Neither the clothing, nor the buildings— not even the colors— accurately represented the Bible story of Joseph. It was wrong, but it stood out as an accurate representation of society's feelings. Rosso Fiorentino, who had been a fellow-pupil of Pontormo in the studio of Andrea del Sarto, brought the Florentine maniera to Fontainebleau in 1530, where he became one of the founder ...

See also:

Mannerism, Mannerism - Some mannerist examples, Mannerism - Mannerist architecture

Read more here: » Mannerism: Encyclopedia II - Mannerism - Some mannerist examples

From Mannerism onward there are more and more art movements representing tides of opinion pushing in various different directions, causing art philosophy over the centuries from about the 16th century onward to gradually fragment into the characteristic isms of Modern art. The work of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio sometimes simply called Caravaggio (1571-1610) stands on its own as one of the most original and influential artists who ever lived. He did something completely contraversial and new. He painted figu ...

See also:

Art of Italy, Art of Italy - The Etruscans, Art of Italy - The Roman Period, Art of Italy - Byzantine Period, Art of Italy - Gothic Period, Art of Italy - The Renaissance, Art of Italy - Mannerism, Art of Italy - Modernity, Art of Italy - Baroque, Art of Italy - Rococo, Art of Italy - Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art of Italy - Expressionism, Art of Italy - Cubism Futurism and Dada, Art of Italy - Metaphysical painting and Surrealism, Art of Italy - Classical Modernism of the 20th Century, Art of Italy - Modernists: see also:, Art of Italy - Post-Modern Italian art

Read more here: » Art of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Art of Italy - Modernity

Archaeological finds have revealed that Empoli was already settled in the early Roman Empire times, and continued to exist until 4th century AD. The river acted as a communication way for the trade of agricultural products, together with the local amphorae. In the Tabula Peutingeriana of the 4th century Empoli is called In Portu ("in the port") as a river port across the Via Quinctia, leading from Fiesole to Florence, and further to Pisa. Empoli was crossed also by the Via Salaiola, co ...

See also:

Empoli, Empoli - History, Empoli - Main sights, Empoli - Notable people born in Empoli, Empoli - External sites

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Post-Modernism is a highly controversal label which generally refers to a period of time after the project(s) of modernism have ended and in which all time periods and styles are not necessarily separated anymore. Just as paints of different colours can be mixed on a pallette, so all the styles of antiquity, gothic, renaissance, baroque, expressionist, cubist, surrealist etc. can all be merged and produce hybrids which access and are informed by all the knowledge of art history. Nothing is positively forbidden. Even Bad art and Kitsch are part of the vocabulary employed to qu ...

See also:

Art of Italy, Art of Italy - The Etruscans, Art of Italy - The Roman Period, Art of Italy - Byzantine Period, Art of Italy - Gothic Period, Art of Italy - The Renaissance, Art of Italy - Mannerism, Art of Italy - Modernity, Art of Italy - Baroque, Art of Italy - Rococo, Art of Italy - Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art of Italy - Expressionism, Art of Italy - Cubism Futurism and Dada, Art of Italy - Metaphysical painting and Surrealism, Art of Italy - Classical Modernism of the 20th Century, Art of Italy - Modernists: see also:, Art of Italy - Post-Modern Italian art

Read more here: » Art of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Art of Italy - Post-Modern Italian art

The Roman period, as we know it, begins after the Punic Wars and the subsequent invasion of the Greek cities of the Mediterranean. The Hellenistic styles then current in Greek civilization were adopted. The cultic and decorative use of sculpture and pictorial mosaic survive in the ruins of both temples and villas. As the empire matured, other less naturalistic, sometimes more dramatic, sometimes more severe, styles were developed -- especially as the center of empire m ...

See also:

Art of Italy, Art of Italy - The Etruscans, Art of Italy - The Roman Period, Art of Italy - Byzantine Period, Art of Italy - Gothic Period, Art of Italy - The Renaissance, Art of Italy - Mannerism, Art of Italy - Modernity, Art of Italy - Baroque, Art of Italy - Rococo, Art of Italy - Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art of Italy - Expressionism, Art of Italy - Cubism Futurism and Dada, Art of Italy - Metaphysical painting and Surrealism, Art of Italy - Classical Modernism of the 20th Century, Art of Italy - Modernists: see also:, Art of Italy - Post-Modern Italian art

Read more here: » Art of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Art of Italy - The Roman Period

The Gothic period marks a transition from the medieval to the Renaissance and is characterised by the styles and attitudes nurtured by the influence of the Dominican and Franciscan order of monks, founded by Saint Dominic (1170 to 1221) and Saint Francis of Assisi (1181 to 1226) respectively. It was a time of religious disputes within the church. The Franciscans and Dominicans were founded as an attempt to address these disputes and bring the Roman Catholic church back to basics. The early days of the Franciscans are remembered ...

See also:

Art of Italy, Art of Italy - The Etruscans, Art of Italy - The Roman Period, Art of Italy - Byzantine Period, Art of Italy - Gothic Period, Art of Italy - The Renaissance, Art of Italy - Mannerism, Art of Italy - Modernity, Art of Italy - Baroque, Art of Italy - Rococo, Art of Italy - Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art of Italy - Expressionism, Art of Italy - Cubism Futurism and Dada, Art of Italy - Metaphysical painting and Surrealism, Art of Italy - Classical Modernism of the 20th Century, Art of Italy - Modernists: see also:, Art of Italy - Post-Modern Italian art

Read more here: » Art of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Art of Italy - Gothic Period

The Renaissance is said to begin in 14th century Italy. The rediscovery of Ancient Greek and Roman art and classics brought better proportions, perspective and use of lighting in art. Wealthy families, such as the Medicis, and the papacy served as patrons for many Italian artists, including Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Donatello, and Raphael. The focus of most art remained religious. Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel, and sculpted his famous Pietà. Leonardo painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. Raphael painted several Madonnas. Both Miche ...

See also:

Art of Italy, Art of Italy - The Etruscans, Art of Italy - The Roman Period, Art of Italy - Byzantine Period, Art of Italy - Gothic Period, Art of Italy - The Renaissance, Art of Italy - Mannerism, Art of Italy - Modernity, Art of Italy - Baroque, Art of Italy - Rococo, Art of Italy - Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art of Italy - Expressionism, Art of Italy - Cubism Futurism and Dada, Art of Italy - Metaphysical painting and Surrealism, Art of Italy - Classical Modernism of the 20th Century, Art of Italy - Modernists: see also:, Art of Italy - Post-Modern Italian art

Read more here: » Art of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Art of Italy - The Renaissance

As the Renaissance had moved from formulaic depiction to a more natural observation of the figure, light and perspective, so the subsequent, Mannerist, period is marked by a move to forms conceived in the mind. Once the ideals of the Renaissance had had their effect artists such as Giulio Romano (ca 1499? to 1546) were able to introduce personal elements of subjectivity to their interpretation of visual forms. The perfection of perspective, light and realistic human figures can be thought of as impossible to improve upon unless ...

See also:

Art of Italy, Art of Italy - The Etruscans, Art of Italy - The Roman Period, Art of Italy - Byzantine Period, Art of Italy - Gothic Period, Art of Italy - The Renaissance, Art of Italy - Mannerism, Art of Italy - Modernity, Art of Italy - Baroque, Art of Italy - Rococo, Art of Italy - Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, Art of Italy - Expressionism, Art of Italy - Cubism Futurism and Dada, Art of Italy - Metaphysical painting and Surrealism, Art of Italy - Classical Modernism of the 20th Century, Art of Italy - Modernists: see also:, Art of Italy - Post-Modern Italian art

Read more here: » Art of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Art of Italy - Mannerism