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polymath | A Wisdom Archive on polymath | | polymath A selection of articles related to polymath | |
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polymath, Polymath, Polymath - Etymological differentiation between Polymath and Polyhistor, List of polymaths, Polyhistor, Polyglot, There is a Science Fiction novel by John Brunner called <i>Polymath</i>, first published in 1974 by DAW Books, based on a shorter story by the same author written in 1963.
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO polymath | | | | |  polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904Jack London married Bess Maddern on April 7th, 1900, the same day The Son of the Wolf was published. Bess had been part of his circle of friends for a number of years. Clarice Stasz (2001) says "Both acknowledged publicly that they were not marrying out of love, but from friendship and a belief that they would produce sturdy children." Russ Kingman (1979) says "they were comfortable together.... Jack had made it clear to Bessie that he did not love her, but ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904 |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism Jack London was accused of plagiarism at numerous times during his career. He was vulnerable, not only because he was such a conspicuous and successful writer, but also because of his methods of working. In a letter to Elwyn Hoffman he wrote "expression, you see—with me—is far easier than invention." He purchased plots for stories and novels from the young Sinclair Lewis. And he used incidents from ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917 In 1910 Jack London purchased a 1,000 acre (4 km²) ranch in Glen Ellen, Sonoma County, California for $26,000. He wrote that "Next to my wife, the ranch is the dearest thing in the world to me." He desperately wanted the ranch to become a successful business enterprise. Writing, always a commercial enterprise with London, now became even more a means to an end: "I write a book for no other reason than to add three or four hundred acres [1 or 2 km²] to my magnificent estate." After 1910, his literary works were mostly potboilers, written ou ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917 |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Political views Jack London became a socialist at the age of 20. Previously, he had possessed an optimism stemming from his health and strength, a rugged individualist who worked hard and saw the world as good. But as he details in his essay, "How I Became a Socialist", his socialist views began as his eyes were opened to the members of the bottom of the social pit. His optimism and individualism faded, and he vowed never to do more hard work than he had to. He writes that his individualism was hammered out of him, and he was reborn a socialist. London firs ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Political views |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900 On July 25, 1897, London and his brother in law James Shepard sailed to join the Klondike Gold Rush where he would later set his first successful stories. London's time in the Klondike, however, was quite detrimental to his health. Like so many others malnourished while involved in the Klondike Gold Rush, he developed scurvy. His gums became swollen, eventually leading to the loss of his four front teeth. A constant gnawing pain affected his abdomen and leg muscles, and his face was stricken with sores. Fortunately for him and others who wer ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900 |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Early life Jack London was born in San Francisco, California. He was essentially self-educated. In 1883 he found and read Ouida's long Victorian novel Signa, which describes an unschooled Italian peasant child who achieves fame as an opera composer. He credited this as the seed of his literary aspiration.
After graduating from grammar school in 1889, Jack London began working from twelve to eighteen hours a day at Hickmott's Cannery. Seeking a way out of this gruelling labor, he borrowed money from his black foster mother Jennie Prentiss, ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Early life |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Denmark - Politics and government Denmark is the oldest monarchy in the world. In 1849, it became a constitutional monarchy with the adoption of a new constitution. The monarch is formally head of state, a role which is mainly ceremonial, since executive power is exercised by the cabinet ministers, with the prime minister acting as the first among equals (primus inter pares). Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Danish parliament, known as the Folketing, which consists of (no more than) 179 memb ...
See also:Denmark, Denmark - History, Denmark - Politics and government, Denmark - Counties, Denmark - Geography, Denmark - Economy, Denmark - Demographics, Denmark - Culture, Denmark - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Denmark: Encyclopedia II - Denmark - Politics and government |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Ivan Illich - Personal life Born in Vienna to a family with Jewish, Dalmatian and Catholic roots, whence they were forced to flee in 1941, he studied histology and crystallography at Florence University.
From 1932 to 1946 he studied theology and philosophy at the Pontifical Gregorian University in the Vatican, and worked as a priest in New York City. In 1956 he was appointed vice-rector of the Catholic University of Puerto Rico, and in 1961 founded the Centro Intercultural de Documentación (CIDOC) at Cuernavaca in Mexico, a research centre offerin ...
See also:Ivan Illich, Ivan Illich - Personal life, Ivan Illich - Deschooling Society, Ivan Illich - Quotes, Ivan Illich - Bibliography Read more here: » Ivan Illich: Encyclopedia II - Ivan Illich - Personal life |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Personal background Jack London's biological father is believed by Clarice Stasz and other biographers to have been the astrologer William Chaney. Chaney was in fact a distinguished and respectable figure in that field; according to Stasz, "From the viewpoint of serious astrologers today, Chaney is a major figure who shifted the practice from quackery to a more rigorous method."
Jack London did not learn of Chaney's putative paternity until adulthood. In 1897 he wrote to Chaney and received a letter in which Chaney stated flatly "I was never married to Flora Wellman," and that he was "impotent" during the period in whi ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Personal background |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Alleged racialist views Jack London's views regarding race are an extremely contentious subject which cannot be summed up neatly. Academics sometimes draw a distinction between the words "racialist," to mean a belief in intrinsic difference in the capabilities of different races, as opposed to "racist," implying prejudice or hatred. By this definition, Jack London can be said to have shared the racialism common in America in his times.
Many of Jack London's short stories are notable for their empathetic portrayal of Hispanic (The Mexican), Asian (T ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Alleged racialist views |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Death Jack London's death is controversial. Many older sources describe it as a suicide, and some still do (e.g., the Columbia Encyclopedia [2]). However, this appears to be at best a rumor, or speculation based on incidents in his fiction writings. His death certificate gives the cause as uremia, also known as uremic poisoning. He died November 22, 1916. It is known he was in extreme pain and taking morphine, and it is possible that a morphine overdose, accidental or deliberate, may have contributed. The noted London scholar Dr. Clarice Stasz wri ...
See also:Jack London, Jack London - Personal background, Jack London - Early life, Jack London - Early literary career 1898-1900, Jack London - First marriage 1900-1904, Jack London - Accusations of plagiarism, Jack London - Beauty Ranch 1910-1917, Jack London - Political views, Jack London - Alleged racialist views, Jack London - Death, Jack London - Works, Jack London - Short stories, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Nonfiction and autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Apocrypha, Jack London - References and other sources, Jack London - Biographies and books about Jack London, Jack London - References, Jack London - Novels, Jack London - Autobiographical memoirs, Jack London - Nonfiction and essays, Jack London - Stories, Jack London - Plays Read more here: » Jack London: Encyclopedia II - Jack London - Death |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Economics Up until the 1930s, the field of economics seemed to involve the utilization of a great deal of mathematics and numbers; but almost all of this was either superficial or irrelevant. It was used, for the most part, in order to provide uselessly precise formulations and solutions to problems which were, in fact, intrinsically vague. Economics found itself in a state similar to that of the physics of the 17th century: still waiting for the development of an appropriate language in which to express and resolve its problems. ...
See also:John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Economics |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Armaments In 1937 von Neumann, having recently obtained his US citizenship, began to take an interest in problems in applied mathematics. He rapidly became one of the top experts in the field of explosives, and he committed himself to a very large number of military consultancies, primarily for the Navy (it seems likely that he preferred socializing with admirals rather than generals because the former tended to enjoy drin ...
See also:John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Armaments |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Computer Science Von Neumann gave his name to the von Neumann architecture used in most non-parallel-processing computers, because of his publication of the concept, though many feel that this naming ignores the contribution of J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly who worked on the concept during their work on ENIAC. Virtually every commercially available home computer, microcomputer and supercomputer is a von Neumann machine. He created the field of cellular automata without computers, constructing the first examples of self-replicating automata with ...
See also:John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Computer Science |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs Von Neumann had experienced a lightning-like academic career similar to the velocity of his own intellect, obtaining at the age of twenty-nine one of the first five professorships at the newly born Institute for Advanced Studies at Princeton (another had gone to Albert Einstein). He seemed compelled, therefore, to seek out other fields of interest in order to satisfy his ambitious personality, and he found this outlet in the collaboration (some might say, collaborationism) with the military, political and industrial complex. Through a frenet ...
See also:John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics At the International Congress of Mathematicians of 1900, David Hilbert presented his famous list of twenty-three problems considered central for the development of the mathematics of the new century: the sixth of these was the axiomatization of physical theories. Among the new physical theories of the century the only one which had yet to receive such a treatment by the end of the 1930's was quantum mechanics. In fact, QM found itself, at this time, in a condition of foundational crisis similar to that of set theory at the beginning o ...
See also:John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Logic The axiomatization of mathematics, on the model of Euclid's Elements, had reached new levels of rigor and breadth at the end of the 19th century, particularly in arithmetic (thanks to Richard Dedekind and Giuseppe Peano) and geometry (thanks to David Hilbert). At the beginning of the twentieth century, however, set theory, the new branch of mathematics invented by Georg Cantor, and thrown into crisis by Bertrand Russell with the discovery of his famous paradox (on the set of all sets which do not belong to themselves), had not yet been forma ...
See also:John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Logic |
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| | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Genius - In philosophy In the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer, a genius is a person in whom intellect predominates over will much more than for the average person. In Schopenhauer's aesthetics, this predominance of intellect over will allows the genius to create artistic or academic works that are objects of pure, disinterested contemplation, the chief criterion of the aesthetic experience for Schopenhauer. Their remoteness from mundane concerns means that Schopenhauer's geniuses often display maladaptive traits in more mundane concerns; in Schopenhauer's words, they fall ...
See also:Genius, Genius - Etymology, Genius - Gifted, Genius - Limitations, Genius - In philosophy, Genius - Pluralization Read more here: » Genius: Encyclopedia II - Genius - In philosophy |
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| | | | | | | polymath: Encyclopedia II - Denmark - Counties Denmark is divided into 13 counties (amter, singular: amt), and 271 municipalities (kommuner, singular kommune). The coming Danish Municipal Reform will replace the counties with five new regions and reduce the number of municipalities to 98. The new municipalities will take over most of the responsibilities of the former counties. Most of the new municipalities will have a population of at least 20,000 people. The reform will be implemented on 1 January 2007.
Aarhus (Århus)
Frederiks ...
See also:Denmark, Denmark - History, Denmark - Politics and government, Denmark - Counties, Denmark - Geography, Denmark - Economy, Denmark - Demographics, Denmark - Culture, Denmark - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Denmark: Encyclopedia II - Denmark - Counties |
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