Encyclopedia - Political Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Philosophy - History Of Political Philosophy
Political philosophy - The classical period. Political philosophy most broadly concerns the nature and forms of power; more specificall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Philosophy - Contemporary Political Philosophy
After World War II the peace movement became the dominant mode of political philosophy in the Western world, due largely to fear of nucle...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Philosophy - Industrialization And The Early Modern Age
The industrial revolution produced a parallel revolution in political thought. Urbanization and capitalism greatly reshaped society. Duri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy
Analytic philosophy is the dominant philosophical movement in University philosophy departments in English-speaking countries, although o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 20th-century Philosophy: Encyclopedia - 20th-century Philosophy
The 20th century brought with it upheavals that produced a series of conflicting developments within philosophy over the basis of knowled...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Common Good: Encyclopedia - Common Good
The common good is a term that can refer to several different concepts. In the popular meaning, the common good describes a specific "goo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Choice: Encyclopedia - Choice
Choice consists of that mental process of thinking involved with the process of judging the merits of multiple options and selecting one ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Realism: Encyclopedia - Realism
Realism is commonly defined as a concern for fact or reality and rejection of the impractical and visionary. However, the term realism is...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Positivism: Encyclopedia - Positivism
Positivism can have several meanings. Positivism - Law. Legal positivism is a view which, in contrast to the natural law view, claims t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Communitarianism: Encyclopedia - Communitarianism
Communitarianism as a group of related but distinct philosophies began in the late 20th century, opposing aspects of liberalism and capit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Politics And Economics: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Politics And Economics - Course Of Study At Oxford
The PPE course at Oxford takes three years and awards students with a BA in Philosophy, Politics and Economics. The average intake across...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pluralism: Encyclopedia - Pluralism
Please remove this notice after the article has been expanded. Details are on this talk page or at Wikipedia:Requests for expansion. Plur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - David Stove: Encyclopedia - David Stove
David Charles Stove (1927–1994), was a conservative Australian philosopher of science, and essayist in the popular press. His contribut...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Philosophy Of Political Freedom
Philosophers have identified a positive and negative aspect to the concept of "freedom". "Positive freedom" may generally be defined as t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Philosophy Of Political Freedom
Philosophers have identified a positive and negative aspect to the concept of "freedom". "Positive freedom" may generally be defined as t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gaia Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Gaia Philosophy - Gaia In Politics
Some radical political environmentalists who accept some form of the Gaia theory call themselves Gaians. They actively seek to restore th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nihilist Movement: Encyclopedia Ii - Nihilist Movement - Political Philosophy
Nihilism was not a political movement. It was a youth culture. Nevertheless, it led to the politization and radicalization of the Russian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Libertarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Libertarianism - Libertarian Politics And Philosophy
Libertarians tend to call themselves "individualists" and claim to oppose anything that they see as paternalistic or collectivist. Many l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - John Rawls: Encyclopedia Ii - John Rawls - Rawls's Contribution To Political And Moral Philosophy
Rawls is noted for his contributions to liberal political philosophy. Among the ideas from Rawls's work that have received wide attention...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Federation: Encyclopedia Ii - Federation - Federalism As A Political Philosophy
Main article: Federalist The meaning of federalism, as a political movement, and of what constitutes a 'federalist', varies with country ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Pejorative Political Puns: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Pejorative Political Puns - Political Systems/philosophies
List of pejorative political puns - Democracy. demockery [9]: suggests mockery democrazy [10]: suggests crazy demogogcracy suggests th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - George Grant: Encyclopedia Ii - George Grant - Politics And Philosophy
In 1965, he published Lament for a Nation which regretted what he claimed was Canada's inevitable absorption by the United States. Grant ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Analytic Philosophy - The Term Analytic Philosophy
The term analytic philosophy is slightly ambiguous and generally has three meanings: doctrine, method, and tradition. The doctrines most...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - David Stove: Encyclopedia Ii - David Stove - Political Philosophy
After his youthful flirtations with Marxism Stove abandoned the left. His views were summed-up well in his paper 'Why You Should be A Con...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Civil Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Civil Religion - Practical Political Philosophy
Professional commentators on political and social matters writing in newspapers and magazines sometimes use the term civil religion or ci...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Analytic Philosophy - Relation To Continental Philosophy
The term "analytic philosophy" in part denotes the fact that most of this philosophy traces its roots to the early 20th century movement ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Common Good: Encyclopedia Ii - Common Good - Common Good In Philosophy Ethics And Political Science
In ethics and political science, to promote the common good means to benefit members of society. Thus, in essence, helping the common goo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Common Good: Encyclopedia Ii - Common Good - Common Good In Philosophy, Ethics And Political Science
In ethics and political science, to promote the common good means to benefit members of society. Thus, in essence, helping the common goo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rick Santorum: Encyclopedia Ii - Rick Santorum - Political Philosophy
In September 2005, Santorum gave a speech that outlined the successes and failures, but more importantly the future of the conservatism a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Analytic Philosophy - Natural Language
Analytic philosophy - Reaction against idealism. G. E. Moore, Common Sense philosophy. Rejection of British Post-Hegel Idealism. Analy...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Left-libertarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Left-libertarianism - Politics In Left-libertarian Philosophies
Most adherents of left-libertarian philosophies are believers in Demcratic Socialism, especially as exemplified in the welfare states of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph De Maistre: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph De Maistre - Political And Moral Philosophy
Conservatism Part of the Politics series Christian Democracy Liberal conservatism Neoconservatism Paleoconservatism Social conservatism A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of History: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of History - Motive Engine Of History
The central contention of historical materialism is that history exhibits progress, not of a linear sort but cumulative nonetheless, and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Analytic Philosophy - Formalism
Analytic philosophy - Logical atomism. Analytic philosophy has its origins in Gottlob Frege’s development of predicate logic. This pe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Analytic Philosophy - Ethics In Analytic Philosophy
As a side-effect of the focus on logic and language in the early years of analytic philosophy, the tradition initially had little to say ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Analytic Philosophy - Logical Positivism And Logical Empiricism
Vienna Circle, Carnap, Verificationism. Analytic-synthetic distinction. Rejection of Metaphysics, Ethics, Aesthetics. "Emotivism." Immigr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of History: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of History - History And Education
One common contention among philosophers is that current historical methods are regional, subjective and selective. A better method would...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of History: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of History - History Is Written By The Victors
It is often argued that the victors use their political dominance to suppress their defeated enemies' version of historical events in fav...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Analytic Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Analytic Philosophy - Formalism And Natural Languages
The aim of the analytic approach is to clarify philosophical problems by examining and clarifying the language used to express them. This...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of History: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of History - Unit Of Study
In Poetics, Aristotle had argued that poetry is superior to history, because poetry speaks of what must or should be true, rather than me...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of History: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of History - Patterns In The Past
The "Whig interpretation of history," one associated with scholars of the Victorian and Edwardian eras in Britain, such as Henry Maine or...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Objectivist Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Objectivist Philosophy - Objectivist Principles
Objectivist philosophy - Metaphysics: Objective reality. Main article: Objectivist metaphysics The key tenets of the Objectivist metaph...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Objectivist Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Objectivist Philosophy - Response To Objectivist Philosophy
It is fair to say that, of people who are familiar with Objectivism, reactions are rarely neutral. Rand's beliefs are often supported wit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Objectivist Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Objectivist Philosophy - Response To Objectivist Philosophy
It is fair to say that, of people who are familiar with Objectivism, reactions are rarely neutral. Indeed, it is almost impossible to be ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Recent Trends In Political Freedom Around The World
In modern times the expansion of "freedom" around the world is considered by some to be synonymous with increased participation in democr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Different Views On Political Freedom
Various groups along the political spectrum naturally differ on what they believe constitutes "true" political freedom; in fact the debat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Recent Trends In Political Freedom Around The World
In modern times the expansion of "freedom" around the world is considered by some to be synonymous with increased participation in democr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Types Of Freedom
The concept of political freedom is closely allied with the concepts of civil liberties and human rights, and the fundamental idea of pos...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Different Views On Political Freedom
Various groups along the political spectrum naturally differ on what they believe constitutes "true" political freedom; in fact the debat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Political: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Political - Types Of Freedom
The concept of political freedom is closely allied with the concepts of civil liberties and human rights, and the fundamental idea of pos...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Realism: Encyclopedia Ii - Realism - Realism In Politics
Another term for political pragmatism. Applies to party politics, as to moderate political factions, e.g. Realo. ... See also:Realism, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gaia Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Gaia Philosophy - Predecessors To The Gaia Theory
There are some mystical, scientific and religious predecessors to the theory, which had a Gaia-like conceptual basis. Many religious myth...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gaia Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Gaia Philosophy - Range Of Views
Gaia theory is a spectrum of hypotheses, ranging from the undeniable to radical. At one end is the undeniable statement that the organism...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gaia Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Gaia Philosophy - Gaia In Biology And Science
See the main article Gaia theory (science) for more. Buckminster Fuller has been credited as the first to incorporate scientific ideas in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gaia Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Gaia Philosophy - Semantic Debate
The question of "what is an organism" and at what scale is it rational to speak about organisms vs. biospheres, give rise to a semantic d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hilary Putnam: Encyclopedia Ii - Hilary Putnam - Metaphilosophy
Putnam, while not quite as famous as Richard Rorty, has nevertheless contributed to metaphilosophical questions, while attempting to avoi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hilary Putnam: Encyclopedia Ii - Hilary Putnam - Philosophy Of Language
One of Putnam's most significant contributions to the philosophy of language is his doctrine that "meaning just ain't in the head", which...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hilary Putnam: Encyclopedia Ii - Hilary Putnam - Philosophy Of Mathematics
Putnam and Benacerraf are co-editors of Philosophy of Mathematics: Collected Essays, which contains a useful introduction to the subject....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Choice: Encyclopedia Ii - Choice - In Economics And Politics
See also: rational choice theory, public choice theory, social choice theory Consumerist advocates of consumption in general and advertis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Influence
By all accounts, Popper has played a vital role in establishing the philosophy of science as a vigorous, autonomous discipline within ana...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Choice: Encyclopedia Ii - Choice - In Philosophy
Philosophically, having choice implies the existence of free will and the antithesis of fate, chance and predestination. For a dramatic h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nihilist Movement: Encyclopedia Ii - Nihilist Movement - History
The Nihilists were mainly children of the aristocracy. They had access to education, were influenced by liberal ideas from the West, and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nihilist Movement: Encyclopedia Ii - Nihilist Movement - Historical Context
After more than a century of Westernization that began with the reign of Peter the Great (1682-1725), a Russian national consciousness ev...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Popper's Philosophy
Karl Popper - Philosophy of Science. Popper coined the term critical rationalism to describe his philosophy. This designation is signif...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Life
Born in Vienna (then Austria-Hungary) in 1902 to middle-class parents of Jewish origins, Karl Popper was educated at the University of Vi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Korsch: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Korsch - Philosophy
Korsch was especially concerned that Marxist theory was losing its precision and validity - in the words of the day, becoming "vulgarized...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leo Strauss: Encyclopedia Ii - Leo Strauss - Philosophy
Strauss called his field Political Philosophy. But for him political philosophy and philosophy were necessarily intertwined at their root...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Influence
By all accounts, Popper has played a vital role in establishing the philosophy of science as a vigorous, autonomous discipline within ana...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Critics
The Quine-Duhem thesis argues that it is impossible to test a single hypothesis on its own, since each one comes as part of an environmen...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Realism: Encyclopedia Ii - Realism - Realism In Visual Arts And Literature
Main article: Realism (arts) In literature and the visual arts, realism is a mid-19th century movement, which started in France. In respo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Positivism: Encyclopedia Ii - Positivism - Law
Legal positivism is a view which, in contrast to the natural law view, claims that a legal system can be defined independently of evaluat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Realism: Encyclopedia Ii - Realism - Realism In Philosophy
Main article: philosophical realism Realism in philosophical thinking is the belief that properties, usually called Universals, exist ind...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Capellan Confederation: Encyclopedia Ii - Capellan Confederation - Military
The Military of the Capellan Confederation is known as the Capellan Confederation Armed Forces or the CCAF. Though it is small and often ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Confucius: Encyclopedia Ii - Confucius - Disciples
See main article : Disciples of Confucius Confucius' philosophical school was first continued by his direct disciples and by his onl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - David Stove: Encyclopedia Ii - David Stove - Polemics Against Popper And Other 'irrationalists'
Stove became best known to the wider intellectual community for his attacks on Karl Popper and his falsificationist philosophy of science...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pluralism: Encyclopedia Ii - Pluralism - Pluralism In Politics
In democratic politics, pluralism is a guiding principle which permits the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions and l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Positivism: Encyclopedia Ii - Positivism - Literature
In Poland, the period in literature after the January 1863 Uprising until the turn of the 20th century is known as the Positivist period....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Korsch: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Korsch - Political Development
Korsch studied in London between 1912 and 1914, becoming a member of the Fabian Society there. At this time he also married the person wh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mike Ditka: Encyclopedia Ii - Mike Ditka - Player
After an All-American senior season at the University of Pittsburgh in 1960, Ditka was drafted to play tight end by the Bears. His presen...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mike Ditka: Encyclopedia Ii - Mike Ditka - Coach
Retiring after the 1972 season, Ditka was immediately hired as an assistant coach by Cowboys' head coach Tom Landry. Ditka spent nine sea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - David Stove: Encyclopedia Ii - David Stove - Life
David Stove was born on 15 September 1927, at Moree, New South Wales, a small Australian country town. He later lived in Newcastle, New S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Communitarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Communitarianism - Ideological Communitarianism
Communitarianism - Communitarian philosophy. Beginning in the late 20th century, many authors began to observe a deterioration in the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Communitarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Communitarianism - Terminology
Though the term communitarianism is of 20th-century origin, it is derived from the 1840s term communitarian, which originally referred to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Life
Born in Vienna (then Austria-Hungary) in 1902 to middle-class parents of Jewish origins, Karl Popper was educated at the University of Vi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Popper's Philosophy
Karl Popper - Philosphy of Science. Popper coined the term critical rationalism to describe his philosophy. This designation is signifi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leo Strauss: Encyclopedia Ii - Leo Strauss - Bibliography Of Published Texts
Leo Strauss - Writings about Maimonides and Jewish philosophy. "How to begin to study The Guide of the Perplexed", in "The Guide of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Communitarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Communitarianism - Terminology
Though the term communitarianism is of 20th-century origin, it is derived from the 1840s term communitarian, which originally referred to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pluralism: Encyclopedia Ii - Pluralism - Pluralism In Philosophy
Pluralism in philosophy is another name for the marketplace of ideas. Theoretically, many different schools of thought will influence eac...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - David Gauthier: Encyclopedia Ii - David Gauthier - Biography
Gauthier was born in Toronto in 1932 and educated at the University of Toronto (B.A. Hons., 1954), Harvard University (A.M., 1955), and t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Radical Middle: Encyclopedia Ii - Radical Middle - Radical Middle Philosophy
Various groups have adopted "radical middle" as a term to describe a third way philosophy which includes their belief that, in affirming ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Christine Todd Whitman: Encyclopedia Ii - Christine Todd Whitman - Environmental Protection Agency
Although she did not become Bush's running mate, she was later appointed by the president as the Administrator of the Environmental Prote...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - David Stove: Encyclopedia Ii - David Stove - Philosophy Of Science Induction And Probability
Stove's starting point in this area was the Humean argument for inductive scepticism. Stove was a great admirer of David Hume but thought...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - David Stove: Encyclopedia Ii - David Stove - The Plato Cult
The Plato Cult and Other Philosophical Follies (1991) proved to be even more outrageous than Popper and After, not least for the fact tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Communitarianism: Encyclopedia Ii - Communitarianism - Philosophical Communitarianism
Communitarian philosophers are primarily concerned with ontological and epistemological issues, as distinct from policy issues. The commu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Karl Popper: Encyclopedia Ii - Karl Popper - Critics
The Quine-Duhem thesis argues that it is impossible to test a single hypothesis on its own, since each one comes as part of an environmen...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leo Strauss: Encyclopedia Ii - Leo Strauss - Strauss On Reading
With regards then to Strauss' approach to philosophical texts, his most famous teaching was the distinction between 'esoteric' and 'exot...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Pejorative Political Puns: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Pejorative Political Puns - Canadian Political Figures
List of pejorative political puns - Stephen Harper. Mr. Muzzle: suggests that he likes to stop M.P.'s in his own party from spouting o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Pejorative Political Puns: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Pejorative Political Puns - International Political Figures
List of pejorative political puns - Kofi Annan. Coffee at Noon: suggests he was asleep at the wheel or ignored the U.N. corruption/pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Pejorative Political Puns: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Pejorative Political Puns - American Political Parties
List of pejorative political puns - Democrats. Crats: suggests Democrats have turned away from common people (Greek root: demos) and a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Pejorative Political Puns: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Pejorative Political Puns - British Political Figures
List of pejorative political puns - Tony Blair. Tony Bliar: suggests liar Tony Blur: suggests that his policies were kept unclear Tefl...   » Read the article