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Polish-Lithuanian Union | A Wisdom Archive on Polish-Lithuanian Union | | Polish-Lithuanian Union A selection of articles related to Polish-Lithuanian Union | |
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Polish-Lithuanian Union | | | |  Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - MandatesLeague of Nations Mandates were established under Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations. These territories were former colonies of the German Empire and the Ottoman Empire that were placed under the supervision of the League following World War I. There were three Mandate classifications:
An "A" Mandate
This was a territory which "had reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations can be provisionally recognised, subject to the rendering of administrative advice ...
See also:League of Nations, League of Nations - Origins, League of Nations - Symbols, League of Nations - Languages, League of Nations - Structure, League of Nations - Secretariat, League of Nations - Council, League of Nations - Assembly, League of Nations - Other bodies, League of Nations - Mandates, League of Nations - Successes, League of Nations - Åland Islands, League of Nations - Albania, League of Nations - Upper Silesia, League of Nations - Memel, League of Nations - Greece and Bulgaria, League of Nations - Saar, League of Nations - Mosul, League of Nations - Other successes, League of Nations - General weaknesses, League of Nations - Specific failures, League of Nations - Cieszyn, League of Nations - Vilna, League of Nations - Ruhr, League of Nations - Corfu, League of Nations - Manchuria Crisis, League of Nations - Chaco War, League of Nations - Spanish Civil War, League of Nations - Italian invasion of Abyssinia, League of Nations - Axis re-armament, League of Nations - Demise and Legacy Read more here: » League of Nations: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - Mandates |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - Structure The League had three principal organs: a secretariat (headed by the General Secretary and based in Geneva), a Council and an Assembly, and many Agencies and Commissions. Authorisation for any action required both a unanimous vote by the Council and a majority vote in the Assembly.
League of Nations - Secretariat.
The staff of the League's secretariat was responsible for preparing the agenda for the Council and Assembly and publishing reports of the meetings and other routine matters, effectiv ...
See also:League of Nations, League of Nations - Origins, League of Nations - Symbols, League of Nations - Languages, League of Nations - Structure, League of Nations - Secretariat, League of Nations - Council, League of Nations - Assembly, League of Nations - Other bodies, League of Nations - Mandates, League of Nations - Successes, League of Nations - Åland Islands, League of Nations - Albania, League of Nations - Upper Silesia, League of Nations - Memel, League of Nations - Greece and Bulgaria, League of Nations - Saar, League of Nations - Mosul, League of Nations - Other successes, League of Nations - General weaknesses, League of Nations - Specific failures, League of Nations - Cieszyn, League of Nations - Vilna, League of Nations - Ruhr, League of Nations - Corfu, League of Nations - Manchuria Crisis, League of Nations - Chaco War, League of Nations - Spanish Civil War, League of Nations - Italian invasion of Abyssinia, League of Nations - Axis re-armament, League of Nations - Demise and Legacy Read more here: » League of Nations: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - Structure |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - Origins The concept of a peaceful community of nations had previously been described in Immanuel Kant’s Perpetual Peace. The idea of the actual League of Nations appears to have originated with British Foreign Secretary Edward Grey, and it was enthusiastically adopted by the Democratic U.S. President Woodrow Wilson and his advisor Colonel Edward M. House as a means of avoiding bloodshed like that of World War I. The creation of the League was a centrepiece of Wilson's Fourteen Points for Peace, specifically the final point: "A general assoc ...
See also:League of Nations, League of Nations - Origins, League of Nations - Symbols, League of Nations - Languages, League of Nations - Structure, League of Nations - Secretariat, League of Nations - Council, League of Nations - Assembly, League of Nations - Other bodies, League of Nations - Mandates, League of Nations - Successes, League of Nations - Åland Islands, League of Nations - Albania, League of Nations - Upper Silesia, League of Nations - Memel, League of Nations - Greece and Bulgaria, League of Nations - Saar, League of Nations - Mosul, League of Nations - Other successes, League of Nations - General weaknesses, League of Nations - Specific failures, League of Nations - Cieszyn, League of Nations - Vilna, League of Nations - Ruhr, League of Nations - Corfu, League of Nations - Manchuria Crisis, League of Nations - Chaco War, League of Nations - Spanish Civil War, League of Nations - Italian invasion of Abyssinia, League of Nations - Axis re-armament, League of Nations - Demise and Legacy Read more here: » League of Nations: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - Origins |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - Hussar - Current hussar units
Hussar - Canada.
Note: All Canadian hussar units are in the reserve force and are roled as armoured reconnaissance.
8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's)
Sherbrooke Hussars
The Royal Canadian Hussars (Montreal)
1st Hussars
Hussar - Denmark.
Gardehusarregimentet (English: Guard Hussar Regiment)).
Founded in 1614, this is the oldest regiment of hussars in the world. It is a mixed armour/infantry unit wit ...
See also:Hussar, Hussar - History, Hussar - Light hussars, Hussar - Heavy hussars, Hussar - Later development, Hussar - Armament and tactics, Hussar - Current hussar units, Hussar - Canada, Hussar - Denmark, Hussar - Netherlands, Hussar - Peru, Hussar - Poland, Hussar - United Kingdom, Hussar - Bibliography Read more here: » Hussar: Encyclopedia II - Hussar - Current hussar units |
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| | | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - General weaknesses The League did not, in the long term, succeed. The outbreak of World War II was the immediate cause of the League's demise, but there was also a variety of other, more fundamental, flaws.
The League, like the modern United Nations, lacked an armed force of its own and depended on the Great Powers to enforce its resolutions, which they were very reluctant to do. Economic sanctions, which were the most severe measure the League could implement short of military action, were difficult to enforce and had no great impact on the target coun ...
See also:League of Nations, League of Nations - Origins, League of Nations - Symbols, League of Nations - Languages, League of Nations - Structure, League of Nations - Secretariat, League of Nations - Council, League of Nations - Assembly, League of Nations - Other bodies, League of Nations - Mandates, League of Nations - Successes, League of Nations - Åland Islands, League of Nations - Albania, League of Nations - Upper Silesia, League of Nations - Memel, League of Nations - Greece and Bulgaria, League of Nations - Saar, League of Nations - Mosul, League of Nations - Other successes, League of Nations - General weaknesses, League of Nations - Specific failures, League of Nations - Cieszyn, League of Nations - Vilna, League of Nations - Ruhr, League of Nations - Corfu, League of Nations - Manchuria Crisis, League of Nations - Chaco War, League of Nations - Spanish Civil War, League of Nations - Italian invasion of Abyssinia, League of Nations - Axis re-armament, League of Nations - Demise and Legacy Read more here: » League of Nations: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - General weaknesses |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Economy The economy of the Commonwealth was dominated by feudal agriculture. Typically a nobleman's landholding comprised a folwark, a large farm worked by serfs to produce surpluses for internal and external trade. The peasantry's situation worsened from the late 17th century on, when the landed szlachta sought to compensate for falling grain prices by increasing the peasants' workload, thus leading to the creation of second serfdom, ...
See also:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - History, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - State organization and politics, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Commonwealth military, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Golden Liberty, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - The political players, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Shortcomings of the Commonwealth, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Late reforms, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Economy, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Culture, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Szlachta and Sarmatism, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Demographics and religion, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Provinces and geography, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Voivodships of the Commonwealth Read more here: » Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Encyclopedia II - Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Economy |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - State organization and politics
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Commonwealth military.
Commonwealth armies were commanded by four hetmans. The armies comprised:
Wojsko kwarciane: Regular units with wages paid from taxes (these units were later merged with the wojsko komputowe)
Wojsko komputowe: Semi-regular units created for times of war (in 1652 these units were merged with the wojsko kwarciane into a new permanent army)
Pospolite ruszenie: Szlachta levée en masse
Piechota łanowa and pie ...
See also:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - History, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - State organization and politics, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Commonwealth military, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Golden Liberty, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - The political players, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Shortcomings of the Commonwealth, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Late reforms, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Economy, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Culture, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Szlachta and Sarmatism, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Demographics and religion, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Provinces and geography, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Voivodships of the Commonwealth Read more here: » Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Encyclopedia II - Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - State organization and politics |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - List of Lithuanian rulers - Present Republic of Lithuania Title: Chairman of the Supreme Council
Vytautas Landsbergis (1990-1992)
Title: President
Algirdas Brazauskas (1993-1998)
Valdas Adamkus (1998-2003)
Rolandas Paksas (February 26, 2003-April 6, 2004)
Artūras Paulauskas (temporarily performed the duties from April 6, 2004 to July 12, 2004)
Valdas Adamkus (started July 12, 2004)
...
See also:List of Lithuanian rulers, List of Lithuanian rulers - The Grand Duchy of Lithuania, List of Lithuanian rulers - Early rulers, List of Lithuanian rulers - Gediminid dynasty, List of Lithuanian rulers - Personal union with Poland, List of Lithuanian rulers - Lithuania as part of Imperial Russia, List of Lithuanian rulers - The Kingdom of Lithuania, List of Lithuanian rulers - Republic of Lithuania 1918 - 1940, List of Lithuanian rulers - Republic of Lithuania 1941, List of Lithuanian rulers - Republic of Lithuania in exile, List of Lithuanian rulers - Resistance, List of Lithuanian rulers - Early Soviet Lithuania, List of Lithuanian rulers - Lithuania as part of the Soviet Union, List of Lithuanian rulers - Present Republic of Lithuania, List of Lithuanian rulers - External link Read more here: » List of Lithuanian rulers: Encyclopedia II - List of Lithuanian rulers - Present Republic of Lithuania |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - Demise and Legacy With the onset of World War II, it was clear that the League had failed in its purpose – to avoid any future world war. During the war, neither the League's Assembly nor Council was able or willing to meet, and its secretariat in Geneva was reduced to a skeleton staff, with many offices moving to North America.
After its failure to prevent one war, it was decided to create a new body to fulfill the League's role, but to take it further. This body was to be the United Nations. Many League bodies, for instance the International Labour ...
See also:League of Nations, League of Nations - Origins, League of Nations - Symbols, League of Nations - Languages, League of Nations - Structure, League of Nations - Secretariat, League of Nations - Council, League of Nations - Assembly, League of Nations - Other bodies, League of Nations - Mandates, League of Nations - Successes, League of Nations - Åland Islands, League of Nations - Albania, League of Nations - Upper Silesia, League of Nations - Memel, League of Nations - Greece and Bulgaria, League of Nations - Saar, League of Nations - Mosul, League of Nations - Other successes, League of Nations - General weaknesses, League of Nations - Specific failures, League of Nations - Cieszyn, League of Nations - Vilna, League of Nations - Ruhr, League of Nations - Corfu, League of Nations - Manchuria Crisis, League of Nations - Chaco War, League of Nations - Spanish Civil War, League of Nations - Italian invasion of Abyssinia, League of Nations - Axis re-armament, League of Nations - Demise and Legacy Read more here: » League of Nations: Encyclopedia II - League of Nations - Demise and Legacy |
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| | | | | Polish-Lithuanian Union: Encyclopedia II - Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Provinces and geography The lands that once belonged to the Commonwealth are now largely distributed among several Central and East European countries: Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine, Belarus and Russia, with smaller pieces in Estonia, Slovakia, Romania and Moldova.
While the term "Poland" was also commonly used to denote this whole polity, Poland was in fact only part of a greater whole — the Commonwealth, which comprised primarily two parts:
the Crown of the Polish Kingdom (Poland proper), colloquially "the Crown"; a ...
See also:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - History, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - State organization and politics, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Commonwealth military, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Golden Liberty, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - The political players, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Shortcomings of the Commonwealth, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Late reforms, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Economy, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Culture, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Szlachta and Sarmatism, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Demographics and religion, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Provinces and geography, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Voivodships of the Commonwealth Read more here: » Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Encyclopedia II - Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Provinces and geography |
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