Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Bibliography
Plato's writings (most of them dialogues) have been published in several fashions; this has led to several conventions regarding the nami...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Platonic Scholarship
Plato's thought is often compared with that of his most famous student, Aristotle, whose reputation during the Western Middle Ages so com...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Work
Plato - Themes. Unlike Socrates, Plato wrote down his philosophical views, leaving behind a considerable number of manuscripts. In Plat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia - Plato
Plato (Greek: Πλάτων Plátōn) (ca. May 21? 427 BC – ca. 347 BC) was an immensely influential classical Greek philosopher, studen...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia - Aristotle
Aristotle (Greek: Αριστοτέλης Aristotelēs 384 BC – March 7, 322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, student of Plato and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Idealism: Encyclopedia - Idealism
Idealism is an approach to philosophical enquiry. The ideal, in these systems, relates to direct knowledge of subjective mental ideas, or...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Virtue Epistemology: Encyclopedia - Virtue Epistemology
Virtue epistemology refers to any number of modern epistemological approaches which approach contemporary problems by means of the intell...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anamnesis: Encyclopedia - Anamnesis
Anamnesis (Greek:αναμνησις; “recollection”, “reminiscence”) is a term used in philosophy and religion. Anamnesis - Philo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Continental Rationalism: Encyclopedia - Continental Rationalism
Continental rationalism is an approach to philosophy based on the thesis that human reason can in principle be the source of all knowledg...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia - Epistemology
Epistemology, from the Greek words episteme (knowledge) and logos (word/speech) is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature, o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alvin Plantinga: Encyclopedia - Alvin Plantinga
Alvin Cornelius Plantinga (born 15 November 1932 in Ann Arbor, Michigan, of Frisian ancestry) is a contemporary American philosopher know...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Xenophanes: Encyclopedia - Xenophanes
Xenophanes of Colophon (Greek: Ξενοφάνης, 570 BC-480 BC) was a Greek philosopher, poet, and social and religious critic. Our kno...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics
Aristotle believed that ethical knowledge is not certain knowledge (like metaphysics and epistemology) but is general knowledge. Also, as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Platonic Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Platonic Epistemology - The Divided Line
Plato, in The Republic Book VI (509d-513e), uses the literary device of a divided line to teach his basic views about four levels of exis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Platonic Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Platonic Epistemology - An Example: Love And Wisdom
A good example of how Plato viewed the acquiring of knowledge is contained in his teachings of the Ladder of Love. In Symposium (210a-211...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Idealism: Encyclopedia Ii - Idealism - Other Uses
In general parlance, "idealism" or "idealist" is also used to describe a person having high ideals, sometimes with the connotation that t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Methodology
Aristotle defines philosophy in terms of essence, saying that philosophy is "the science of the universal essence of that which is actual...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Methodology
Aristotle defines philosophy in terms of essence, saying that philosophy is "the science of the universal essence of that which is actual...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Methodology
Aristotle defines philosophy in terms of essence, saying that philosophy is "the science of the universal essence of that which is actual...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Epistemology
Aristotle - Logic. Main article: Aristotelian logic For more details on this topic, see Non-Aristotelian logic. Aristotle "says th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Epistemology
Aristotle - Logic. Main article: Aristotelian logic For more details on this topic, see Non-Aristotelian logic. Aristotle "says th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Epistemology
Aristotle - Logic. Main article: Aristotelian logic For more details on this topic, see Non-Aristotelian logic. Aristotle "says th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Critics
Aristotle has been criticised on several grounds. His analysis of procreation is frequently criticised on the grounds that it presuppose...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Critics
Aristotle has been criticised on several grounds. His analysis of procreation is frequently criticised on the grounds that it presuppose...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Critics
Aristotle has been criticised on several grounds. His analysis of procreation is frequently criticised on the grounds that it presuppose...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - Defining Knowledge
Epistemology - Justified true belief. In Plato's dialogue the Theaetetus, Socrates considers a number of definitions of knowledge. One ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - Definition Of Knowledge
Epistemology - Justified true belief. In Plato's dialogue the Theaetetus, Socrates considers a number of definitions of knowledge. One ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anamnesis: Encyclopedia Ii - Anamnesis - Philosophy
Plato uses "anamnesis" in the epistemological theory that he develops in his dialogues Meno and Phaedo. Anamnesis - Meno. In Meno, Plat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Idealism: Encyclopedia Ii - Idealism - Idealism In Religious Thought
Not all religion and belief in the supernatural is, strictly speaking, anti-materialist in nature. While many types of religious belief a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Idealism: Encyclopedia Ii - Idealism - History
Idealism names a number of philosophical positions with quite different tendencies and implications. Idealism - Plato. Plato proposed a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Idealism: Encyclopedia Ii - Idealism - Critique Of Idealism
Idealism - G. E. Moore. The most influential criticism of Idealism is Moore's The Refutation of Idealism. This was the first applicatio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epicureanism: Encyclopedia Ii - Epicureanism - The Novelties Of Epicureanism
Epicurean materialism is presented very simply, but anticipates a great deal of later scientific discovery in important respects. John Da...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Biography
Aristotle - Early life and studies at the Academy. Aristotle was born at Stageira, a colony of Andros on the Macedonian peninsula of Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Biography
Aristotle - Early life and studies at the Academy. Aristotle was born at Stageira, a colony of Andros on the Macedonian peninsula of Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Biography
Aristotle - Early life and studies at the Academy. Aristotle was born at Stageira, a colony of Andros on the Macedonian peninsula of Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Ethics
Although Aristotle wrote several works on ethics, the major one was the Nicomachean Ethics, which is considered one of Aristotle's greate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Ethics
Although Aristotle wrote several works on ethics, the major one was the Nicomachean Ethics, which is considered one of Aristotle's greate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Ethics
Although Aristotle wrote several works on ethics, the major one was the Nicomachean Ethics, which is considered one of Aristotle's greate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - The Loss Of His Works
Though we know that Aristotle wrote many elegant treatises (Cicero described his literary style as "a river of gold"), the originals have...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Metaphysics
Aristotle - Aristotle's four causes. Aristotle names four "causes" of things, but the word cause (Greek: αἰτἱα, aitia) is not us...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Bibliography
Note: Bekker numbers are often used to uniquely identify passages of Aristotle. They are identified below where available. Aristotle - M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Bibliography
Note: Bekker numbers are often used to uniquely identify passages of Aristotle. They are identified below where available. Aristotle - M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Metaphysics
Aristotle - Aristotle's four causes. Aristotle names four "causes" of things, but the word cause (Greek: αἰτἱα, aitia) is not us...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Aristotle's Metaphysics
Aristotle - Aristotle's four causes. Aristotle names four "causes" of things, but the word cause (Greek: αἰτἱα, aitia) is not us...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotle: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotle - Bibliography
Note: Bekker numbers are often used to uniquely identify passages of Aristotle. They are identified below where available. Aristotle - M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of Business: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of Business - Early Development Of The Philosophy Of Business
It is a somewhat curious truism that despite the fact that business touches nearly every aspect of our lives, few thinkers have shown an ...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Platonic School: Spiritual - Theosophy Dictionary On Platonic School
Platonic School The philosophers of the Academy, who followed Plato and can be traced down to the days of Cicero, gradually undergoing...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Virtue Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Virtue Epistemology - Partial Bibliogaphy For Virtue Epistemology
Aquino, Frederick D. Communities of Informed Judgment: Newman’s Illative Sense and Accounts of Rationality. Washington, D.C.: Catholic ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - Epistemological Theories
It is common for epistemological theories to avoid skepticism by adopting a foundationalist approach. To do this, they argue that certain...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - Epistemological Theories
It is common for epistemological theories to avoid skepticism by adopting a foundationalist approach. To do this, they argue that certain...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Problem Of Universals: Encyclopedia Ii - Problem Of Universals - Ancient Times
The debate may have begun with Heraclitus, who said that "we never step twice into the same river." In the time it takes us to move our r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotelian Ethics - Influences Of Earlier Greek Ethical Systems
Aristotle's ethics builds upon earlier Greek ethics, particularly that of Aristotle's teacher Plato and his teacher, Socrates. One import...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fact-value Distinction: Encyclopedia Ii - Fact-value Distinction - The Fact-value Problem
The problem of the unexamined acceptance of the fact-value distinction is two-fold. Firstly, the idea itself is not self-sufficient. The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - A Priori Versus A Posteriori Knowledge
Western philosophers for centuries have distinguished between two kinds of knowledge: a priori and a posteriori knowledge. A priori know...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Metaphilosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Metaphilosophy - Metaphilosophical Writings
Many philosophers have written on metaphilosophy. The tradition goes back to Plato, whose dialogues are directly concerned with ethics, b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Regress Argument: Encyclopedia Ii - Regress Argument - Origin
The argument is usually attributed to Sextus Empiricus, and has been restated by Agrippa as part of what has become known as "Agrippa's T...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - Contemporary Approaches
Much contemporary work in epistemology depends on the two categories: foundationalism and coherentism. Recently, Susan Haack has attempte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Eleatics: Encyclopedia Ii - Eleatics - Philosophy
The Eleatics rejected the epistemological validity of sense experience, and instead took mathematical standards of clarity and necessity ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Publications In Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Publications In Philosophy - Historical Texts
List of publications in philosophy - Western philosophy. Plato, Charmides Plato, Lysis Plato, Laches Plato, Protagoras Plato, Euthyde...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - Justification
Much of epistemology has been concerned with seeking ways to justify beliefs. Epistemology - Irrationalism. Some approaches to justifyi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epistemology: Encyclopedia Ii - Epistemology - Justification
Much of epistemology has been concerned with seeking ways to justify beliefs. Epistemology - Irrationalism. Some approaches to justifyi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Basic Philosophical Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Basic Philosophical Topics - Basic Philosophical Concepts
A priori -- A posteriori -- abduction -- absolute -- Aesthetics -- Age of Enlightenment -- Agnosticism -- Altruism -- Ambiguity -- Americ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Eleatics: Encyclopedia Ii - Eleatics - History
The school took its name from Elea, a Greek city of lower Italy, the home of its chief exponents, Parmenides and Zeno. Its foundation is ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Regress Argument: Encyclopedia Ii - Regress Argument - Formal Statement Of The Argument
Assuming that knowledge is justified true belief: Suppose that P is some true belief. For it to count as knowledge, it must be justified...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy - History Of Philosophy
Main articles: History of philosophy, History of Western philosophy, and Eastern philosophy Traditionally, the history of western philoso...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Scholasticism: Encyclopedia Ii - Scholasticism - History
Scholastic philosophy usually combined logic, metaphysics and semantics into one discipline, and is generally recognized to have develope...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The World As Will And Representation: Encyclopedia Ii - The World As Will And Representation - Relationship To Earlier Philosophical Work
The main body of the work states at the beginning that it assumes prior knowledge of Immanuel Kant's theories, and Schopenhauer is regard...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thought Experiment: Encyclopedia Ii - Thought Experiment - Famous Thought Experiments
Thought experiment - Physics. Thought experiments are popular in physics and include: Brownian ratchet (Richard Feynman's "perpetual m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Idealism: Encyclopedia Ii - Idealism - Other Uses
In general parlance, "idealism" or "idealist" is also used to describe a person having high ideals, sometimes with the connotation that t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Philosophy - Origins
The introduction of the terms "philosopher" and "philosophy" has been ascribed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras (see Diogenes Laertius: "D...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy - History Of Philosophy
The bifurcation into Eastern philosophy and Western philosophy is most apparent in the discussion of the history of philosophical discour...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Western Philosophy Russell: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Western Philosophy Russell - Structure
History of Western Philosophy is divided into three books, subdivided into sections and chapters - usually, each chapter deals with a sin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leo Strauss: Encyclopedia Ii - Leo Strauss - Bibliography Of Published Texts
Leo Strauss - Writings about Maimonides and Jewish philosophy. "How to begin to study The Guide of the Perplexed", in "The Guide of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy And Literature: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy And Literature - The Philosophy Of Literature
Strictly speaking, the philosophy of literature is a branch of aesthetics, the branch of philosophy that deals with the question, "what i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Problem Of Universals: Encyclopedia Ii - Problem Of Universals - Medieval Times
The most widely published non-religious text in the early middle ages was Boëthius's Consolation of Philosophy. Through it and his trans...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of Mathematics: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of Mathematics - Relation To Philosophy Proper
Some philosophers of mathematics view their task as giving an account of mathematics and mathematical practice as it stands, as interpret...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - A. C. Grayling: Encyclopedia Ii - A. C. Grayling - Academic Interests
Grayling’s main areas of interest are the theory of knowledge, metaphysics and philosophical logic. He brings these subjects together i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy - Branches Of Philosophy
There is no universal agreement about which subjects are the main branches of philosophy. The Aristotelian division was as follows: Meta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy - Philosophy Compared To Science And Religion
In antiquity there was no distinction between philosophy and science. Early scientists, regardless of their field of study, called themse...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aristotelian Ethics: Encyclopedia Ii - Aristotelian Ethics - Criticisms
Aristotle, more than Socrates or Plato, defends the existing mores of his time. Although he argues for many values which many of today's ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ontology: Encyclopedia Ii - Ontology - Early History Of Ontology
The concept of ontology is generally thought to have originated in early Greece and occupied Plato and Aristotle. Since the word is of Gr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Universal Pragmatics: Encyclopedia Ii - Universal Pragmatics - History
Universal Pragmatics (UP) is the name of a position within contemporary philosophy which seeks to overcome three venerable dichotomies: b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Epicureanism: Encyclopedia Ii - Epicureanism - Epicureanism And Religion
Epicureanism emphasizes the neutrality of gods on earth and that they do not interfere with the world we live in. It also states that god...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Scholasticism: Encyclopedia Ii - Scholasticism - Scholastic School
Scholastic schools had two methods of teaching. The first is the lectio. A teacher would read a text, expounding on certain words or idea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Scholasticism: Encyclopedia Ii - Scholasticism - Contemporary Scholasticism
The Canadian essayist John Ralston Saul has argued in his books that much of what passes for post-modernist discourse in universities tod...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Philosophy Of Business: Encyclopedia Ii - Philosophy Of Business - Definition And Scope
The philosophy of business considers the fundamental principles that underlie the formation and operation of a business enterprise; the n...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The World As Will And Representation: Encyclopedia Ii - The World As Will And Representation - Influence
The value of this work is much disputed. Some rank Schopenhauer as one of the most original and inspiring of all philosophers, whilst oth...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The World As Will And Representation: Encyclopedia Ii - The World As Will And Representation - Aesthetics Vol. 1 Book 3
Like many other aesthetic theories, Schopenhauer's centers on the concept of genius. Genius, according to Schopenhauer, is possessed by a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Universal Pragmatics: Encyclopedia Ii - Universal Pragmatics - Goals And Methodology
Universal Pragmatics is associated with the philosophical method of "rational reconstruction". The basic concern in universal pragmatics ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kwasi Wiredu: Encyclopedia Ii - Kwasi Wiredu - Philosophical Work
Wiredu opposes the ethnophilosophy and philosophical sagacity approaches to African philosophy, arguing that all cultures have their dist...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Biography
Plato was born in Athens or Aegina in May or December in 428 BC or 427 BC. He was raised in a moderately well-to-do aristocratic family. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Metaphysics
Platonism has traditionally been interpreted as a form of metaphysical dualism, sometimes referred to as Platonic or Exaggerated Realism....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - The State
Plato's philosophical views had many societal implications, especially on the idea of an ideal state or government. There is some discrep...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Bibliography
Plato's writings (most of them dialogues) have been published in several fashions; this has led to several conventions regarding the nami...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Platonic Scholarship
Plato's thought is often compared with that of his most famous student, Aristotle, whose reputation during the Western Middle Ages so com...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Work
Plato - Themes. Unlike Socrates, Plato wrote down his philosophical views, leaving behind a considerable number of manuscripts. In Plat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Metaphysics
Platonism has traditionally been interpreted as a form of metaphysical dualism, sometimes referred to as Platonic or Exaggerated Realism....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - The State
Plato's philosophical views had many societal implications, especially on the idea of an ideal state or government. There is some discrep...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plato: Encyclopedia Ii - Plato - Biography
Plato was born in Athens or Aegina in May or December in 428 BC or 427 BC. He was raised in a moderately well-to-do aristocratic family. ...   » Read the article

Article - Popular Pages Sitemap Iii - P
This is a sitemap for Popular Pages III - P . Click on a link and you will find multiple definitions and articles related to the word. ...   » Read the article