Pitchcapping

Torture is any act by which severe torment, whether physical or psychological, is intentionally inflicted on a person as a means of intimidation, deterrent, revenge or punishment, or as a method for the extraction of information or confessions (i.e. "third-degree methods" of interrogation). Torture is often associated with terrible pain, severe suffering, and long-term trauma in its subjects. Torture is almost universally considered to be an extreme violation of human rights, as stated by the Universal Declaration of Human Righ ...

Including:

• Torture - Current legal status of torture
• Torture - United Nations Convention Against Torture
• Torture - Geneva Conventions
• Torture - Other conventions
• Torture - Supervision of anti-torture treaties
• Torture - Domestic and national law
• Torture - Use of torture
• Torture - Torture in the past
• Torture - Torture in recent times
• Torture - Aspects of torture
• Torture - Psychological torture as opposed to physical torture
• Torture - Incrimination of innocent people
• Torture - Secrecy/publicity
• Torture - Motivation to torture
• Torture - Medical torture
• Torture - Torture murder
• Torture - Effects of torture
• Torture - Physical torture devices and methods
• Torture - Torture using chemicals
• Torture - Electrical torture
• Torture - Physical torture methods
• Torture - Torture devices
• Torture - Methods of execution and capital punishment
• Torture - Psychological torture methods
• Torture - Quotes
• Torture - Other meanings of the word
• Torture - Etymology
• Torture - Footnotes

Read more here: » Torture: Encyclopedia - Torture

The shaken Establishment responed by launching a campaign of repression and coercion using tactics that included house burnings, torture, pitchcapping and murder, particularly in Ulster as it was the one area of Ireland where large numbers of Catholics and Protestants, (mainly Presbyterians) had effected common cause. However, sectarianism was quickly recognised as a usefully divisive tool against the United Irishmen in the classic "divide and rule" method of colonial governance and officially encouraged by the Government. For example ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution

In Wicklow large numbers rose but largely operated away from settled areas and engaged in a bloody rural guerilla war with the military and loyalist forces. "General" Joseph Holt led up to 1,000 men in the Wicklow Hills forcing the British to commit substantial forces to the area until his capitulation in October. In the north-east, Presbyterian rebels under Henry Joy McCracken briefly occupied Antrim town on 7 June before being defeated on 13 June. In Down, after initial success at Saintfield, the rebels led by Henry Munro were ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads

On 22 August, nearly two months after the main uprisings had been defeated, about 1,000 French soldiers under General Humbert landed in the north-west of the country, at Killala in County Mayo. Joined by up to 5,000 local rebels, they inflicted a humiliating defeat (known as the Castlebar races to commemorate the speed of the English retreat) on the British at Castlebar and set up a short-lived "Republic of Connaught", before final defeat at the Battle of Ballinamuck, in County Longford, on 8 September 1798. The French troops who surrendered were repatriated to France in exchange for British prisoners of war; ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798

Since 1691 and the end of the Williamite war, Ireland had been controlled by a Protestant Ascendancy on behalf of the British Crown, governing the majority Catholic population via a form of institutionalised sectarianism known as the Penal Laws. As the century progressed, progressive elements among the ruling class were inspired by the example of the American Revolution and sought to form common cause with the Catholic populac ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background

On December 10, 1948 the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly. Article 5 states "No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment". Since that time the use of torture has been regulated by a number of international treaties, of which the two major ones are the United Nations Convention Against Torture and the Geneva Conventions. ...

See also:

Torture, Torture - Current legal status of torture, Torture - United Nations Convention Against Torture, Torture - Geneva Conventions, Torture - Other conventions, Torture - Supervision of anti-torture treaties, Torture - Domestic and national law, Torture - Use of torture, Torture - Torture in the past, Torture - Torture in recent times, Torture - Aspects of torture, Torture - Psychological torture as opposed to physical torture, Torture - Incrimination of innocent people, Torture - Secrecy/publicity, Torture - Motivation to torture, Torture - Medical torture, Torture - Torture murder, Torture - Effects of torture, Torture - Physical torture devices and methods, Torture - Torture using chemicals, Torture - Electrical torture, Torture - Physical torture methods, Torture - Torture devices, Torture - Methods of execution and capital punishment, Torture - Psychological torture methods, Torture - Quotes, Torture - Other meanings of the word, Torture - Etymology, Torture - Footnotes

Read more here: » Torture: Encyclopedia II - Torture - Current legal status of torture

It is plainly evident that, since the earliest times, tremendous ingenuity has been devoted to devising ever more effective and mechanically simpler instruments and techniques of torture. That those capable of applying such genius to the science of pain could in future employ their capabilities in other directions was not lost on the authorities: for example, after Perillos of Athens demonstrated his newly invented brazen bull to Phalaris, Tyrant of Agrigentum, Perillos himself was immed ...

See also:

Torture, Torture - Current legal status of torture, Torture - United Nations Convention Against Torture, Torture - Geneva Conventions, Torture - Other conventions, Torture - Supervision of anti-torture treaties, Torture - Domestic and national law, Torture - Use of torture, Torture - Torture in the past, Torture - Torture in recent times, Torture - Aspects of torture, Torture - Psychological torture as opposed to physical torture, Torture - Incrimination of innocent people, Torture - Secrecy/publicity, Torture - Motivation to torture, Torture - Medical torture, Torture - Torture murder, Torture - Effects of torture, Torture - Physical torture devices and methods, Torture - Torture using chemicals, Torture - Electrical torture, Torture - Physical torture methods, Torture - Torture devices, Torture - Methods of execution and capital punishment, Torture - Psychological torture methods, Torture - Quotes, Torture - Other meanings of the word, Torture - Etymology, Torture - Footnotes

Read more here: » Torture: Encyclopedia II - Torture - Physical torture devices and methods

Especially in countries where citizens can expect to be spared routine exposure to real torture, the word "torture" is used loosely (and to some people, inappropriately) for ordinary, even accidental discomforts. For example, "I was stuck in a traffic jam for three hours today, it was torture!" Rather paradoxically the term is also commonly used in BDSM, where similar methods to inflict pain and/or humiliation are used, though generally in mitigated form, as games, i.e. for the inverse purpose of giving the 'players' sexual and/or fet ...

See also:

Torture, Torture - Current legal status of torture, Torture - United Nations Convention Against Torture, Torture - Geneva Conventions, Torture - Other conventions, Torture - Supervision of anti-torture treaties, Torture - Domestic and national law, Torture - Use of torture, Torture - Torture in the past, Torture - Torture in recent times, Torture - Aspects of torture, Torture - Psychological torture as opposed to physical torture, Torture - Incrimination of innocent people, Torture - Secrecy/publicity, Torture - Motivation to torture, Torture - Medical torture, Torture - Torture murder, Torture - Effects of torture, Torture - Physical torture devices and methods, Torture - Torture using chemicals, Torture - Electrical torture, Torture - Physical torture methods, Torture - Torture devices, Torture - Methods of execution and capital punishment, Torture - Psychological torture methods, Torture - Quotes, Torture - Other meanings of the word, Torture - Etymology, Torture - Footnotes

Read more here: » Torture: Encyclopedia II - Torture - Other meanings of the word

The initial plan was to take Dublin, with the counties bordering Dublin to then rise to prevent the arrival of reinforcements with the remainder of the country to then rise and tie down other garrisons. The agreed signal for the rest of the country to rise was to be the interception of the outward bound mail coaches from Dublin. Last minute intelligence from informers provided details of rebel assembly points at Smithfield and Haymarket however, and they were occupied by a huge force of military barely one hour before rebels were to a ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan

The nucleus of the rebellion had imploded but the counties surrounding Dublin rose as planned and the long threatened rising finally began. Surrounding districts of Dublin were first to rise and rebels quickly began to assemble in Wicklow, Meath and Kildare. The first clashes of the rebellion took place just after dawn on May 24th, and widespread fighting quickly spread throughout Leinster with the county of Kildare bearing the brunt of the initial fighting. Despite the Government successfully beating off almost every rebel attack, al ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion

Recent times in the context of this article is from December 10, 1948 when the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly. Torture - Torture in the past. Torture was used by many governments and countries in the past. In the Roman Republic, for example, a slave's testimony was admissible only if it was extracted by torture, on the assumption that slaves could not b ...

See also:

Torture, Torture - Current legal status of torture, Torture - United Nations Convention Against Torture, Torture - Geneva Conventions, Torture - Other conventions, Torture - Supervision of anti-torture treaties, Torture - Domestic and national law, Torture - Use of torture, Torture - Torture in the past, Torture - Torture in recent times, Torture - Aspects of torture, Torture - Psychological torture as opposed to physical torture, Torture - Incrimination of innocent people, Torture - Secrecy/publicity, Torture - Motivation to torture, Torture - Medical torture, Torture - Torture murder, Torture - Effects of torture, Torture - Physical torture devices and methods, Torture - Torture using chemicals, Torture - Electrical torture, Torture - Physical torture methods, Torture - Torture devices, Torture - Methods of execution and capital punishment, Torture - Psychological torture methods, Torture - Quotes, Torture - Other meanings of the word, Torture - Etymology, Torture - Footnotes

Read more here: » Torture: Encyclopedia II - Torture - Use of torture

The prelude to the rebellion was characterised by the vicious brutality of Crown forces towards rebels, real or imagined, but large scale massacres quickly accompanied the outbreak of the rebellion. Almost every British victory in the rising was marked by the massacre of captured and wounded rebels, and they were responsible for particularly gruesome massacres at Gibbet Rath, New Ross and Enniscorthy, burning rebels alive in the latter two. In addition, countless civilians were murdered by the rampaging military who also practiced gang rape ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities

The use of torture has been criticized not only on humanitarian and moral grounds, but on the grounds that evidence extracted by torture tends to be extremely unreliable and that the use of torture corrupts institutions which tolerate it. The purpose of torture is often as much to force acquiescence on an enemy, or destroy a person psychologically from within, as it is to gain information, and its effects endure long after the torture itself has ended. In this sense torture is often described by survivors as "never ending". See Psychology of torture to study the ...

See also:

Torture, Torture - Current legal status of torture, Torture - United Nations Convention Against Torture, Torture - Geneva Conventions, Torture - Other conventions, Torture - Supervision of anti-torture treaties, Torture - Domestic and national law, Torture - Use of torture, Torture - Torture in the past, Torture - Torture in recent times, Torture - Aspects of torture, Torture - Psychological torture as opposed to physical torture, Torture - Incrimination of innocent people, Torture - Secrecy/publicity, Torture - Motivation to torture, Torture - Medical torture, Torture - Torture murder, Torture - Effects of torture, Torture - Physical torture devices and methods, Torture - Torture using chemicals, Torture - Electrical torture, Torture - Physical torture methods, Torture - Torture devices, Torture - Methods of execution and capital punishment, Torture - Psychological torture methods, Torture - Quotes, Torture - Other meanings of the word, Torture - Etymology, Torture - Footnotes

Read more here: » Torture: Encyclopedia II - Torture - Aspects of torture

Pockets of rebel resistance remained in Wexford with the last rebel group under James Corocoran, veterans of the battle of New Ross, not being defeated until February 1804. Wicklow experienced a form of fugitive warfare in the years after 1798 but the failure of Robert Emmet's rebellion in 1803 finally convinced the last organised rebel forces under Michael Dwyer to a negotiated surrender a few months later. The 1798 rebellion was probably the most concentrated outbreak of violence in Irish history and resulted in the deaths of c. 30, ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath

The promise of reform inspired liberals to found the Society of the United Irishmen in 1791, openly putting forward its policies of democratic reform and Catholic emancipation, reforms that the Irish Parliament had no intention of granting and the British government were just as unwilling to enforce. The declaration of war against France in 1793 following the execution of Louis XVI forced the Society underground and toward the French revolutionary model of agitation as opposed to the less radical American example. The avowed intent of the Un ...

See also:

Irish Rebellion of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Background, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Government Crackdown and Counter Revolution, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Plan, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Outbreak of the Rebellion, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - The Rebellion Spreads, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Atrocities, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - French Landing, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Aftermath, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Legacy of 1798, Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Sources

Read more here: » Irish Rebellion of 1798: Encyclopedia II - Irish Rebellion of 1798 - Society of United Irishmen