Phoenicia

Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal plain of what is now Lebanon, between the Lebanon Mountains and the Mediterranean Sea. Phoenician civilization was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread right across the Mediterranean during the first millennium BC. Though ancient boundaries of such city-centered cultures fluctuated, the city of Tyre seems to have been the southernmost. Sarepta between Sidon and Tyre, is the most thoroughly excavated city of the Ph ...

Including:

• Phoenicia - Origins
• Phoenicia - The cultural and economic empire
• Phoenicia - Phoenician trade
• Phoenicia - Decline
• Phoenicia - Persian and Hellenistic Phoenicia
• Phoenicia - Important Phoenician cities and colonies
• Phoenicia - Language and literature
• Phoenicia - External links
• Phoenicia - Phoenicians in the Bible

Read more here: » Phoenicia: Encyclopedia - Phoenicia

Herodotus's account (written c. 440 BC) refers to a faint memory from 1000 years earlier, and so may be subject to question (History, I:1): "According to the Persians best informed in history, the Phoenicians began to quarrel. This people, who had formerly reached the shores of the Erythraean Sea, having migrated to the Mediterranean from an unknown origin and settled in the parts which they now inhabit, began at once, they say, to adventure on long voyages, freighting their vessels with the ...

See also:

Phoenicia, Phoenicia - Origins, Phoenicia - The cultural and economic empire, Phoenicia - Phoenician trade, Phoenicia - Decline, Phoenicia - Persian and Hellenistic Phoenicia, Phoenicia - Important Phoenician cities and colonies, Phoenicia - Language and literature, Phoenicia - External links, Phoenicia - Phoenicians in the Bible

Read more here: » Phoenicia: Encyclopedia II - Phoenicia - Origins

Canaan or Knáʕan (Arabic کنعان, Hebrew כְּנַעַן, Septuagint Greek Χανααν) is an ancient term for a region roughly corresponding to present-day Israel/Palestine including the West Bank, western Jordan, southern and coastal Syria and Lebanon continuing up until the border of modern Turkey. Various Canaanite sites have been excavated by archaeologists, most notably the Canaanite town of Ugarit, which was rediscovere ...

Including:

• Canaan - Etymology
• Canaan - Phoenician Canaan
• Canaan - Canaan in Mesopotamian inscriptions
• Canaan - Egyptian Canaan
• Canaan - Biblical Canaanites

Read more here: » Canaan: Encyclopedia - Canaan

The alleged Palace of David site is a large 10th to 9th century BC public building in eastern Jerusalem whose discovery was announced on August 4, 2005 by Israeli archaeologist Eilat Mazar, who identifies it as the palace of the Biblical King David. The site is widely recognized as a major find, but the specific identification is disputed. The Biblical chronologies would imply that David's palace would have been built very early in the 10th century BC. Due to its proximity with another site known as the Stepped Stone Structur ...

Including:

• Alleged Palace of David site - Current progress
• Alleged Palace of David site - Publications
• Alleged Palace of David site - External references

Read more here: » Alleged Palace of David site: Encyclopedia - Alleged Palace of David site

Antigonus II Gonatas (c. 319 BC—239 BC) was a powerful ruler who definitely established the Antigonid dynasty in Macedonia and acquired fame for his victory over the Gauls who had invaded the Balkans. Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family. Antigonus Gonatas was born around 319 BC, probably in Gonnoi in Thessaly. He was related to the most powerful of the Diadochi (the generals of Alexander who divided the empire after his death in 323 BC). Antigonus's father was Demetrius Poliorcetes, who was the son of ...

Including:

• Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Demetrius's general
• Antigonus II Gonatas - In the wilderness
• Antigonus II Gonatas - King of Macedonia
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Pyrrhus
• Antigonus II Gonatas - The Chremonidean war
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Aratus
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Death and Appraisal

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Ancient history is the study of significant cultural and political events from the beginning of human history until the Early Middle Ages. Although the ending date is largely arbitrary, most Western scholars use the fall of the Western Roman Empire in AD 476 as the traditional end of ancient history. Another term that is often used to refer to ancient history is antiquity, although this term is most often used to refer specifically to ...

Including:

• Ancient history - The study of ancient history
• Ancient history - Archaeology
• Ancient history - Primary sources
• Ancient history - Chronology
• Ancient history - Prehistory
• Ancient history - Important events
• Ancient history - End of ancient history in Europe
• Ancient history - Some prominent civilizations of ancient history
• Ancient history - Europe and the Mediterranean
• Ancient history - East Asia
• Ancient history - Central and Southwest Asia
• Ancient history - Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa
• Ancient history - The Americas
• Ancient history - References and further reading

Read more here: » Ancient history: Encyclopedia - Ancient history

Artaxerxes II Memnon (c. 436 - 358 BC) was king of Persia from 404 BC until his death. He defended his position against his brother Cyrus the Younger, who was defeated and killed at the Battle of Cunaxa in 401 BC, and against a revolt of the provincial governors, the satraps (366 - 358). He also became involved in a war with Persia's erstwhile allies, the Spartans, who, under Agesilaus, invaded Asia Minor. To keep the Spartans busy, Artaxerxes subsidized their enemies in Greece - the Athenians, Thebans, and Corinthians, especially - t ...

Including:

• Artaxerxes II of Persia - Building Projects

Read more here: » Artaxerxes II of Persia: Encyclopedia - Artaxerxes II of Persia

Belus (Greek Belos) the Egyptian is in Greek Mythology a son of Poseidon by Libya. He was a King of Egypt and father of Aegyptus and Danaus and (usually) brother to Agenor. Belus Egyptian - More genealogical information. Apollodorus (2.1.4) claims that Aegyptus and Danaus were twins and that their mother was Anchinoe (otherwise unknown) and that she was daughter of the river Nile. He says that it was Euripides who added Cepheus and Phineus as additional sons of Belus. Belus ruled in Egypt, and Agenor ...

Including:

• Belus Egyptian - More genealogical information
• Belus Egyptian - A unique alternate tradition
• Belus Egyptian - Belus and Bel Marduk
• Belus Egyptian - Belus and Ba‘al

Read more here: » Belus Egyptian: Encyclopedia - Belus Egyptian

Beirut (Arabic: بيروت, transliterated Bayrūt - the French name, Beyrouth, was also commonly used in English in the past) is the capital, largest city and chief seaport of Lebanon. Beirut is the home of about 1.8 million people (2.1 million if the surrounding metropolitan areas are included), and is the commercial, banking and financial center of the region. Beirut was known as "The Paris of the East" prior to the civil war because of its cosmopolitan atmosphere. Th ...

Including:

• Beirut - Religion
• Beirut - Colleges and Universities
• Beirut - Geography
• Beirut - Transportation
• Beirut - Tourism
• Beirut - History
• Beirut - Reference
• Beirut - Movies/Documentary

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The Battle of Karkar (or Qarqar) was fought in 853 BC when the army of Assyria, led by king Shalmaneser III, encountered an allied army of 12 kings at Karkar led by Hadadezer of Damascus. This battle is notable for having a larger number of combatants than any previous battle, and for being the first instance some peoples enter recorded history (such as the Arabs). It is recorded on The Kurkh Monolith. According to the inscription of Shalmaneser which he later erected, he had started his annual campaign, leaving Nineveh ...

Read more here: » Battle of Karkar: Encyclopedia - Battle of Karkar

Assyria in earliest historical times referred to a region on the Upper Tigris river, named for its original capital, the ancient city of Ashur. Later, as a nation and Empire, it also came to include roughly the northern half of Mesopotamia (the southern half being Babylonia). Assyria proper was located in a mountainous region, extending along the Tigris as far as the high Gordiaean or Carduchian mountain range of Armenia, sometimes called the "Mountains of Ashur". Assyria - Early history. Of the earl ...

Including:

• Assyria - Early history
• Assyria - Old Assyrian city-state
• Assyria - Assyrian Empire
• Assyria - Assyrian empire-building
• Assyria - Sargonid dynasty
• Assyria - Downfall and heritage

Read more here: » Assyria: Encyclopedia - Assyria

33°30' N 36°18' E The Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية) or Syria (Arabic: سوريا) is a country in the Middle East. It borders Lebanon to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north. Israel occupies the Golan Heights in the southwest of the country; a dispute with Turkey over the Hatay Province now seems to have subsided. Historically, Syria has often been taken to include the terri ...

Including:

• Syria - Name
• Syria - History
• Syria - French occupation
• Syria - Independence to 1970
• Syria - 1970 to 2005
• Syria - 2000 to 2005
• Syria - The events from 2005
• Syria - Politics
• Syria - Government
• Syria - Governorates
• Syria - Geography
• Syria - Economy
• Syria - Demographics
• Syria - Culture
• Syria - Holidays
• Syria - Fairs and festivals
• Syria - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Syria: Encyclopedia - Syria

Flavius Julius Valens (Latin: IMP·CAESAR·FLAVIVS·IVLIVS·VALENS·AVGVSTVS) (328 – August 9, 378) was Roman emperor from 364 until his death, after he was given the Eastern part of the empire by his brother Valentinian I. His father was the general Gratian the Elder. Valens was known as the Last True Roman. Valens - Appointment to Emperor. Flavius Valens and his brother Flavius Valentinianus were both born 48 miles east of Sirmium, in the town of Cibalae in 328 and 321, respectively. They had gro ...

Including:

• Valens - Appointment to Emperor
• Valens - The Revolt of Procopius
• Valens - First Gothic War
• Valens - The Persian Struggle
• Valens - Barbaric Unrest
• Valens - The Battle of Adrianople
• Valens - Legacy
• Valens - Struggles with the Religious Nature of the Empire

Read more here: » Valens: Encyclopedia - Valens

Ulster County is a county located in the state of New York, USA. As of 2000, the population is 177,749. The county seat is Kingston. The county is named for the Duke of York's earldom in Ireland. Ulster County New York - History. In 1683, the Province of New York established its first twelve counties. Ulster County was one of them. Its boundaries at that time included the present Sullivan County, and portions of the present Delaware and Greene Counties. In 1777, the capital of New York ...

Including:

• Ulster County New York - History
• Ulster County New York - Geography
• Ulster County New York - Demographics
• Ulster County New York - Cities and towns
• Ulster County New York - Additional County Information

Read more here: » Ulster County New York: Encyclopedia - Ulster County New York

Tyre (Arabic الصور aṣ-Ṣūr, native Phoenician Ṣur, Latin Tyrus, Akkadian Ṣurru, Tiberian Hebrew צר Ṣōr, Greek Τύρος Týros) is an ancient Phoenician city in modern Lebanon on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, about 23 miles north of Acre, and 20 miles south of Sidon. The modern city is still named Sur. The name of the city means 'Rock'. Tyre consisted of two distinct parts, a rocky fortress on the shore, called "Old Tyre", and the city, buil ...

Including:

• Tyre - Foundation
• Tyre - Early history
• Tyre - Later history
• Tyre - Modern references
• Tyre - List of kings of Tyre:

Read more here: » Tyre: Encyclopedia - Tyre

Please remove this notice after the article has been expanded. Details are on this talk page or at Wikipedia:Requests for expansion. In ancient Egyptian mythology and in myths derived from it, the phoenix is a mythical sacred firebird. Said to live for 500, 1461 or for 12594 years (depending on the source), the phoenix is a male bird with beautiful gold and red plumage. At the end of its life-cycle the phoenix builds itself a nest of cinnamon twigs that it then ignites; both nest and bird burn fiercely and ...

Including:

• Phoenix - In fiction

Read more here: » Phoenix: Encyclopedia - Phoenix

Scythia was an area in Eurasia inhabited in ancient times by a group of Iranian people speaking Indo-Iranian languages, known as the Scythians. The location and extent of Scythia varied over time, from the Altai region where Mongolia, China, Russia, and Kazakhstan come together, across South of Ukraine to the lower Danube river area, Bulgaria and Georgia. The Saka were Asian Scythians and were known as Sai (Character: ...

Including:

• Scythia - Etymology
• Scythia - Scythian society
• Scythia - History
• Scythia - Overview
• Scythia - Scythians in Classical sources
• Scythia - Scythians in the Bible
• Scythia - Peoples claimed to be Scythian
• Scythia - Pazyryk culture
• Scythia - Scythian Gelonus Belsk
• Scythia - The Ryzhanovka kurgan
• Scythia - Scythian gold
• Scythia - Sakas
• Scythia - Indo-Scythians
• Scythia - Scythians and China
• Scythia - The genetic argument
• Scythia - The idea of Scythia

Read more here: » Scythia: Encyclopedia - Scythia

Ahab or Ach'av (אַחְאָב "Brother of the father", Standard Hebrew Aḥʼav, Tiberian Hebrew ʼAḥăʼāḇ, ʼAḫʼāḇ) was King of the Kingdom of Israel and the province of Samaria, and the son and successor of Omri (1 Kings 16:29-34). William F. Albright has dated his reign to 869 BC-850 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 874 BC-853 BC. He married Jezebel, the daughter of king Ithobaal I of Tyre, and the alliance was doubtless the means of procuring him great riches, wh ...

Read more here: » Ahab: Encyclopedia - Ahab

In demonology Berith is a Great Duke of Hell, powerful and terrible, and has twenty-six legions of demons under his command. He tells things of the past, present and future with true answers; he can also turn all metals into gold, give dignities to men and confirm them. He speaks with a clear and subtle voice, and according to some authors he is a big liar when not answering questions. To speak with him the conjurer must wear a silver ring and put it before his face in the same form as it is needed in Beleth's case and demons d ...

Including:

• Berith - Other uses of the name Berith
• Berith - Other names

Read more here: » Berith: Encyclopedia - Berith

Alexander the Great (in Greek Μέγας Αλέξανδρος, transliterated Megas Alexandros; born in Pella, Macedon, in July, 356 BC, died in Babylon, on June 10, 323 BC), King of Macedon 336–323 BC, is arguably the most successful military commander in world history, conquering most of the known world before his death. Alexander is also known in the Zoroastrian Middle Persian work Arda Wiraz Nāmag as "the accursed Alexander" due to his conquest of the ...

Including:

• Alexander the Great - Early life
• Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedon
• Alexander the Great - Period of conquests
• Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire
• Alexander the Great - The invasion of India
• Alexander the Great - After India
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality
• Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela
• Alexander the Great - Infantry
• Alexander the Great - Cavalry
• Alexander the Great - Death
• Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire
• Alexander the Great - Timeline
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's character
• Alexander the Great - Stories and legends
• Alexander the Great - Ancient sources
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources
• Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander
• Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media
• Alexander the Great - Note

Read more here: » Alexander the Great: Encyclopedia - Alexander the Great