periglacial - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Younger Dryas: Encyclopedia - Younger Dryas
The Younger Dryas stadial, named after the alpine / tundra wildflower Dryas octopetala, and also referred to as the Big Freeze [1], was a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia - Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a Neolithic and Bronze Age monument located near Amesbury in the English county of Wiltshire, about 8 miles (13 km) northwe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Weathering: Encyclopedia - Weathering
Weathering is the process of decomposition and/or disintegration of rocks, soils and their minerals through natural, chemical, and biolog...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia - Coal
Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by underground mining or open-pit mining (strip mining). It is a readily combustible blac...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lake: Encyclopedia - Lake
A Lake is a body of water surrounded by land. The majority of lakes are fresh water, and most lie in the northern hemisphere at higher la...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Younger Dryas: Encyclopedia Ii - Younger Dryas - Was The Younger Dryas Global?
Although the Younger Dryas had the greatest effect in Europe, it was noted throughout the world including: Replacement of forest in Scan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - A151 Road: Encyclopedia Ii - A151 Road - Description
A151 road - The Western End.. Having for some time, extended its influence by diplomacy and trade5, The Roman Empire began to take cont...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Weathering: Encyclopedia Ii - Weathering - Mechanical Physical Weathering
Mechanical weathering is the cause of the disintegration of rocks or wood. Most of the times it produces smaller angular fragments (like ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Development Of Stonehenge
The Stonehenge complex was built in several construction phases spanning 2,000 years, although there is evidence for activity both before...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - Uses
Coal - Coal as fuel. See also Clean coal Coal is primarily used as a solid fuel to produce heat through combustion. World coal consum...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River Little Ouse: Encyclopedia Ii - River Little Ouse - Its Origin
The most distinctive feature of the headwaters of the Little Ouse and the Waveney is the valley in which they flow; the Little Ouse westw...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - River Glen Lincolnshire: Encyclopedia Ii - River Glen Lincolnshire - History
The Nennius text, Historia Britonum, tells us that Arthur, the war leader of the Britons fought his first battle against the Anglo-Saxons...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lake: Encyclopedia Ii - Lake - Characteristics
The change in level of a lake is controlled by the difference between the sources of inflow and outflow, compared to the total volume of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Weathering: Encyclopedia Ii - Weathering - Mechanical Physical Weathering
Mechanical weathering is the cause of the disintegration of rocks or, wood. Most of the times it produces smaller angular fragments (like...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - World Coal Reserves
It has been estimated that, as of 1996, there is around one exagram (1 × 1015 kg) of total coal reserves economically accessible using c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - Etymology And Folklore
The word "coal" came from Anglo-Saxon col, which meant charcoal. Coal was not mined in Britain before late Middle Ages; i.e. after ca. 10...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Theories About Stonehenge
Stonehenge - Early interpretations. Many early historians were influenced by supernatural folktales in their explanations. Some legends...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Laser Scanning The Bronze Age Dagger And Axes At Stonehenge
In 2003 a team from Wessex Archaeology and Archaeoptics used laser scanning technologies to analyse and record the surfaces of the megali...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - A151 Road: Encyclopedia Ii - A151 Road - Turnpike Roads
As elsewhere, roads in England have developed over many years. Perhaps some of the A151 lies on lines which are pre-Roman. In other words...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - Etymology And Folklore
The word "coal" came from Anglo-Saxon col, which meant charcoal. Coal was not mined in Britain before the late Middle Ages; i.e. after ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - Composition
Carbon forms more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70 percent by volume of coal (this includes inherent moisture). This is depende...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - World Coal Reserves
It has been estimated that, as of 1996, there is around one exagram (1 × 1015 kg) of total coal reserves accessible using current mining...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - A151 Road: Encyclopedia Ii - A151 Road - The A151: Summary
In the early nineteenth century, the A151 would have been called a cross-road2 since it runs across the pattern of these radial routes. A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Replicas And Derivative Names
Stonehenge's fame has led to numerous efforts to recreate it, using a variety of different materials, around the world. Some have been ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Myths And Legends
Friar's Heel: The Heel Stone was once known as "Friar's Heel." A folk tale, which cannot be dated earlier than the seventeenth century, r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Recent History
By the beginning of the 20th century many of the bluestones were leaning precariously, probably due to the increase in curious visitors c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Etymology
Christopher Chippendale's Stonehenge Complete gives the derivation of Stonehenge as being from the Old English words "stān" meaning "sto...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stonehenge: Encyclopedia Ii - Stonehenge - Excavations At Stonehenge
The first recorded excavations at Stonehenge were carried out by William Cunnington and Richard Colt Hoare. In 1798, Cunnington investiga...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - Creation
Coal is formed from plant remains that have been compacted, hardened, chemically altered, and metamorphosed by heat and pressure over geo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lake: Encyclopedia Ii - Lake - Extraterrestrial Lakes
At present the surface of the planet Mars is too cold to permit pooling of liquid water on the surface. However geologic evidence appears...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lake: Encyclopedia Ii - Lake - How Lakes Disappear
A lake may be infilled with deposited sediment, and gradually, the lake becomes a wetland, such as a swamp or marsh. An important differe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lake: Encyclopedia Ii - Lake - Origin Of Natural Lakes
Most lakes are young, as the natural results of erosion will tend to wear away one of the basin sides containing the lake. There are a nu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lake: Encyclopedia Ii - Lake - Abiotic And Biotic Limnology
Limnology divides lakes in three zones: littoral zone, which is a sloped area that is close to land; open-water zone, where sunlight is a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - Coal Fires
There are hundreds of coal fires burning around the world.[8] Those burning underground can be difficult to locate and many can not be ex...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coal: Encyclopedia Ii - Coal - Composition
Carbon forms more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70 percent by volume of coal (this includes inherent moisture). This is dependa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Weathering: Encyclopedia Ii - Weathering - Chemical Weathering
Weathering - Carbonation-solution. Carbonation occurs on rocks which contain calcium carbonate such as limestone and chalk. This takes ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Younger Dryas: Encyclopedia Ii - Younger Dryas - The End Of The Younger Dryas
Measurements of oxygen isotopes from the GISP2 ice core suggest the ending of the Younger Dryas took place over just 40 - 50 years in thr...   » Read the article