penrose-hawking singularity theorems

penrose-hawking singularity theorems: Encyclopedia - Cosmic censorship hypothesis

In general relativity, the cosmic censorship hypothesis (CCH) is a conjecture about the nature of singularities in spacetime. Singularities that arise in the solutions of Einstein's equations are typically hidden within event horizons, and therefore cannot be seen from the rest of spacetime. Singularities which are not so hidden are called naked. The weak cosmic censorship hypothesis conjectures that no naked singularities other than the Big Bang singularity exist in the universe. Cosmic censo ...

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penrose-hawking singularity theorems: Encyclopedia II - Cosmic censorship hypothesis - Basics

The fundamental concern is that since the physical behavior of singularities is unknown, if singularities can be seen from the rest of spacetime, causality may break down, and physics may lose its predictive power. The issue cannot be avoided, since according to the Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems, singularities are inevitable in physically reasonable situations. Still, in the absence of naked singularities, the universe is deterministic — it's possible to predict the entire evolution of the universe, knowing only its condition at a c ...

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Spacetime - Basic concepts

Spacetime - Spacetime intervals

Spacetime - Mathematics of space-times

penrose-hawking singularity theorems: Encyclopedia - Black hole

edit A black hole is a concentration of mass great enough that the force of gravity prevents anything from escaping it except through quantum tunnelling behaviour (known as Hawking Radiation). The gravitational field is so strong that the escape velocity near it exceeds the speed of light. This implies that nothing, not even light, can escape its gravity, hence the word "black". The term "black hole" is widespread, even though it does not refer to a hole in the usual sense, but rather a region of space fro ...

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Black hole - Features and issues

penrose-hawking singularity theorems: Encyclopedia II - Roger Penrose - Career

In 1955, while still a student, Penrose reinvented the generalized inverse (also known as Moore-Penrose inverse, see Penrose, R. "A Generalized Inverse for Matrices." Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc. 51, 406-413, 1955.) Penrose earned his Ph.D. at Cambridge in 1958, writing a thesis on tensor methods in algebraic geometry under the well known algebraicist and geometer John A. Todd. In 1965 at Cambridge, Penrose proved that singularities (such as black holes) could be formed from the gravitational collapse of dy ...

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penrose-hawking singularity theorems: Encyclopedia II - Black hole - Alternative models

Several alternate models, which behave like a black hole but avoid the singularity, are considered. But most researchers judge these concepts artificial, as they are more complicated but don't give near term observable differences from black holes (see Occam's razor). The most prominent theory is the Gravastar. In March 2005, physicist George Chapline at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California proposed that black holes do not exist, and that objects currently thought to be black holes are actually dark-energy stars. H ...

penrose-hawking singularity theorems

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