Pausha (Hindi: पूस puus or पौष pauṣ) is a month of the Hindu calendar, also know as Poush or Pushya. In India's national civil calendar, Pausha is the tenth month of the year, beginning on 22 December and ending on 20 January. In lunar religious calendars, Pausha may begin on either the new moon or the full moon around the same time of year ...

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The month is a unit of time, used with calendars, which is approximately as long as some natural period related to the motion of the Moon. The traditional concept arose with the cycle of moon phases; such months (lunations) are synodic months and last ~29.53 days. From excavated tally sticks, researchers have deduced that people counted days in relation to the Moon's phases as early as the Paleolithic age. Synodic months are still the basis of many calendars. Month - Astronomical background. The moti ...

Including:

• Month - Astronomical background
• Month - Sidereal month
• Month - Tropical month
• Month - Anomalistic month
• Month - Draconic month
• Month - Synodic month
• Month - Month lengths
• Month - Calendrical consequences
• Month - Months in various calendars
• Month - Julian and Gregorian calendars
• Month - French Republican calendar
• Month - Islamic calendar
• Month - Hebrew Calendar
• Month - Hindu Calendar
• Month - Iranian/Persian calendar
• Month - Icelandic/Old Norse calendar
• Month - Notes

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The motion of the Moon in its orbit is very complicated and its period is not constant. Moreover, many cultures (most notably those using the ancient Hebrew (Jewish) calendar and the Islamic calendar) start a month with the first appearance of the thin crescent of the new moon after sunset over the western horizon. The date and time of this actual observation depends on the exact geographical longitude as well as latitude, atmospheric conditions, the visual acuity of the observers, etc. Therefore the beginning and lengths of months in these ...

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Month, Month - Astronomical background, Month - Sidereal month, Month - Tropical month, Month - Anomalistic month, Month - Draconic month, Month - Synodic month, Month - Month lengths, Month - Calendrical consequences, Month - Months in various calendars, Month - Julian and Gregorian calendars, Month - French Republican calendar, Month - Islamic calendar, Month - Hebrew Calendar, Month - Hindu Calendar, Month - Iranian/Persian calendar, Month - Icelandic/Old Norse calendar, Month - Notes

Read more here: » Month: Encyclopedia II - Month - Astronomical background

The name Malwa is derived from the ancient Aryan tribe of Malavas, about whom very little is known apart from the fact that they founded the Vikrama Samvat; this is a calendar dating from 57 BCE that is widely used in India and that is popularly associated with the king Chandragupta Vikramaditya. The name Malava is derived from the Sanskrit term Malav, and means “part of the abode of Lakshmi”[1]. The location of the Malwa ...

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Malwa, Malwa - History, Malwa - Geography, Malwa - Demographics, Malwa - Economy, Malwa - Culture, Malwa - Tourism, Malwa - Notes

Read more here: » Malwa: Encyclopedia II - Malwa - History

The main tourist destinations in Malwa are places of historical or religious significance. The river Shipra and the city of Ujjain have been regarded as sacred for thousands of years. The Mahakal Temple of Ujjain is one of the 12 jyotirlingas. Ujjain has over 100 other ancient temples, including Harsidhhi, Chintaman Ganesh, Gadh Kalika, Kaal Bhairava and Mangalnath. The Kalideh Palace, on the outskirts of the city, is a fine example of ancient Indian architecture. The Bhartrihari caves are associated ...

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Malwa, Malwa - History, Malwa - Geography, Malwa - Demographics, Malwa - Economy, Malwa - Culture, Malwa - Tourism, Malwa - Notes

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The culture of Malwa has been significantly influenced by Gujarati and Rajasthani culture, because of their geographic proximity. Marathi influence is also visible, because Malwa was the recent rule by the Marathas. The main language of Malwa is Malvi, although Hindi is widely spoken in the cities. This Indo-European language is subclassified as Indo-Aryan. The language is sometimes referred to as Malavi or Ujjaini. Malvi is part of the Rajasthani branch of languages; Nimadi is spoken in the Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh and i ...

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Malwa, Malwa - History, Malwa - Geography, Malwa - Demographics, Malwa - Economy, Malwa - Culture, Malwa - Tourism, Malwa - Notes

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The Malwa region occupies a plateau in western Madhya Pradesh and south-eastern Rajasthan (between 21°10′N 73°45′E and 25°10′N 79°14′E) [7], with Gujarat in the west. To the south and east is the Vindhya Range and to the north is the Bundelkhand upland. The plateau is an extension of the Deccan Traps, formed between 60 and 68 million years ago[8]See also:

Malwa, Malwa - History, Malwa - Geography, Malwa - Demographics, Malwa - Economy, Malwa - Culture, Malwa - Tourism, Malwa - Notes

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At the simplest level, all lunar calendars are based on the approximation that 2 lunations last 59 days: a 30 day full month followed by a 29 day hollow month — but this is only marginally accurate and quickly needs correction by using larger cycles, or the equivalent of leap days. Second, the synodic month does not fit easily into the year, which makes constructing accurate, rule-based lunisolar calendars difficult. The most common solution to this problem is the Metonic cycle, which takes advantage of the fact that 2 ...

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Month, Month - Astronomical background, Month - Sidereal month, Month - Tropical month, Month - Anomalistic month, Month - Draconic month, Month - Synodic month, Month - Month lengths, Month - Calendrical consequences, Month - Months in various calendars, Month - Julian and Gregorian calendars, Month - French Republican calendar, Month - Islamic calendar, Month - Hebrew Calendar, Month - Hindu Calendar, Month - Iranian/Persian calendar, Month - Icelandic/Old Norse calendar, Month - Notes

Read more here: » Month: Encyclopedia II - Month - Calendrical consequences

Month - Julian and Gregorian calendars. The Gregorian calendar, like the Julian calendar before it, has twelve months: January, 31 days February, 28 days, 29 in leap years, or 30 on certain occasions in related calendars March, 31 days April, 30 days May, 31 days June, 30 days July, 31 days August, 31 days September, 30 days October, 31 days November, 30 days December, 31 days For the rationale beh ...

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Month, Month - Astronomical background, Month - Sidereal month, Month - Tropical month, Month - Anomalistic month, Month - Draconic month, Month - Synodic month, Month - Month lengths, Month - Calendrical consequences, Month - Months in various calendars, Month - Julian and Gregorian calendars, Month - French Republican calendar, Month - Islamic calendar, Month - Hebrew Calendar, Month - Hindu Calendar, Month - Iranian/Persian calendar, Month - Icelandic/Old Norse calendar, Month - Notes

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The population of the Malwa region was about 18.9 million in 2001, with a population density of a moderate 231/km². The annual birth rate in the region was 31.6 per 1000, and the death rate 10.3. The infant mortality rate was 93.8, slightly higher than the overall rate for the Madhya Pradesh state. There are numerous tribes in the region, such as the Bhils—and their allied groups, the Bhilalas, Barelas and Patelias—and the Meenas, who all differ to a remarkable degree from the regional population in their dialects and social life. They ...

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Malwa, Malwa - History, Malwa - Geography, Malwa - Demographics, Malwa - Economy, Malwa - Culture, Malwa - Tourism, Malwa - Notes

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The region is one of the world's major opium producers. It was this crop that resulted in close connections between the economies of Malwa, the western Indian ports and China, bringing international capitalism to the region in the 18th and 19th centuries. Malwa opium was a challenge to the monopoly of the East India Company, which was supplying Bengal opium to China. This led the British company to impose many restrictions on the production and trade of the drug; eventually, opium trading was pushed underground. When smuggling became rife, t ...

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Malwa, Malwa - History, Malwa - Geography, Malwa - Demographics, Malwa - Economy, Malwa - Culture, Malwa - Tourism, Malwa - Notes

Read more here: » Malwa: Encyclopedia II - Malwa - Economy