Patent medicine is the term given to various medical compounds sold under a variety of names and labels, though they were for the most part actually trademarked medicines, not patented. In ancient times, such medicine was called nostrum remedium, "our remedy" in Latin, hence the name "nostrum"; it is a medicine whose efficacy is questionable and whose ingredients are usually kept secret. The name patent medicine has become particularly associated with the sale of drug compounds in the nineteenth century under cover of colourful ...

Including:

• Patent medicine - Patent medicines and advertising
• Patent medicine - Ingredients and their uses
• Patent medicine - What was in them?
• Patent medicine - What did they claim to be good for?
• Patent medicine - What did they actually contain?
• Patent medicine - The end of the patent medicine era
• Patent medicine - Surviving consumer products from the patent medicine era
• Patent medicine - Products no longer sold under medicinal claims

Read more here: » Patent medicine: Encyclopedia - Patent medicine

See also:

Patent medicine, Patent medicine - Patent medicines and advertising, Patent medicine - Ingredients and their uses, Patent medicine - What was in them?, Patent medicine - What did they claim to be good for?, Patent medicine - What did they actually contain?, Patent medicine - The end of the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Surviving consumer products from the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Products no longer sold under medicinal claims

Read more here: » Patent medicine: Encyclopedia II - Patent medicine - Patent medicines and advertising

Muckraker journalists and other investigators began to publicize instances of death, drug addiction, and other hazards from the compounds. This took some small courage on behalf of the publishing industry that circulated these claims, since the typical newspaper of the period relied heavily on the patent medicines, which founded the U.S. advertising industry. In 1905, Samuel Hopkins Adams published an exposé entitled "The Great American Fraud" in Collier's Weekly that led to the passage of the first Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906. Th ...

See also:

Patent medicine, Patent medicine - Patent medicines and advertising, Patent medicine - Ingredients and their uses, Patent medicine - What was in them?, Patent medicine - What did they claim to be good for?, Patent medicine - What did they actually contain?, Patent medicine - The end of the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Surviving consumer products from the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Products no longer sold under medicinal claims

Read more here: » Patent medicine: Encyclopedia II - Patent medicine - The end of the patent medicine era

Ayurveda and Herbal Medicine

Today, you may think in this technologically advanced society, (as I sit by my computer writing this, and you sit by yours reading it) there are a whole range of patented chemical drugs tailored for all ailments, so why use herbal medicines?

Herbs are as effective for healing today as they were in our grandmothers' day, and for thousands of years before that. We may live in a very different world today but the human body hasn't changed, in fact it's often struggling to cope with ifs new modern environment.

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The WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) is an international treaty which sets down minimum standards for most forms of intellectual property regulation within all member countries of the WTO. Specifically, TRIPs deals with copyright and related rights (ie. rights of performers, producers of sound recordings and broadcasting organisations); geographical indications (including appellations of origin); industrial designs; integrated circuit layout-designs; patents (including the pr ...

Including:

• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - Background and history
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - The requirements of TRIPs
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - Controversy
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - Access to essential medicines
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - Software and business method patents
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - Use for enforcement of industrial espionage cases
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - Post-TRIPs expansionism
• Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights - Panel reports

Read more here: » Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights: Encyclopedia - Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights

In the United States, the FDA approves prescription drugs. Before a drug can be prescribed, it must undergo an extensive FDA approval process. This process involves first testing the drug on animals or in medical labs. If found to be safe by the FDA and approved for the next phase of study, the drug is then tested for safety and effectiveness in humans (clinical trials). The drug manufacturer then files a New Drug Application to the FDA, which review ...

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Bitters are an alcoholic herbal preparation with a bitter flavor. Bitters, once numerous, were formerly manufactured as patent medicines, but the few remaining varieties are principally used as apertifs, or in cocktails. They are not to be confused with bitter, a type of British ale. Bitters still available today include: Angostura™ Bitters Peychaud's™ Bitters Orange bitters Peach bitters Mint bitters Gammel Dansk Fernet Branca Jägermeist ...

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Hoodoo is a traditional folk magic which originated in the western African coastal cultures and migrated to the United States during the slave trade. The goal of hoodoo is to allow people access to supernatural forces to influence their daily lives. Hoodoo is believed to have influence in many areas, including gambling, love, divination, cursing one's enemies, treatment of disease, employment, and necromancy. Many patent medicines were aimed at hoodoo practitioners. Significant use is made of various home-made potion ...

Including:

• Hoodoo - References in Other Media

Read more here: » Hoodoo: Encyclopedia - Hoodoo

Chlorodyne was the name for one of the most famous patent medicines sold in the British Isles. It was invented in the 19th century, by a Dr. J. Collis Browne, a doctor in the British Indian Army: its original purpose was in the treatment of cholera. Browne sold his formula to a pharmacist named Davenport, who advertised it widely, as a treatment for cholera, diarrhea, insomnia, neuralgia, migraines, etc. As its principal ingredients were a mixture of laudanum (alcoholic solution of opium), tincture of cannabis, and chloroform, it readily lived up to its claims of relieving pain, ...

Including:

• Chlorodyne - Imitations
• Chlorodyne - Decline

Read more here: » Chlorodyne: Encyclopedia - Chlorodyne

Yoga piracy is the appropriation of postures and techniques that are found in ancient and traditional yoga treatises belonging to Hinduism and India. India yogis have been concerned by such people as fitness instructors in the West who claim patents and copyrights on asanas (yoga poses) and pranayama techniques and sequences; and ayurvedic medicine. Typically, western practitioners and teachers have taken over the traditional knowledge, ...

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A supermarket or grocery store is a store that sells a wide variety of food. A supermarket is larger than and more than a grocery store. Most supermarkets also sell a variety of other household products that are consumed regularly, such as alcohol (where permitted), household cleaning products, medicine, clothes, and some sell a much wider range of non-food products. Supermarkets are often part of a chain that owns or controls (sometimes by franchise) other supermarkets located in the same or other towns; this increases the opp ...

Including:

• Supermarket - History
• Supermarket - Typical supermarket merchandise
• Supermarket - Patent

Read more here: » Supermarket: Encyclopedia - Supermarket

Tonic may mean: A concept from musical harmony and musical theory: see Tonic (music); A carbonated beverage flavoured with quinine, used in cocktails: see Tonic water. A carbonated soft drink ("tonic" is a regional expression in this sense, used primarily in and around Boston, Massachusetts, whereas other American locales prefer "soda", "pop", or "coke") A usually liquid drug given to improve health; A patent medicine that claims to have tonic properties; A band formed in the 1

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Banisteriopsis caapi, also known as Ayahuasca, Caapi or Yage, is a South American jungle vine of the family Malpighiaceae. It is used to prepare Ayahuasca, a decoction that has a long history of entheogenic uses as a medicine and "plant teacher" among the indigenous peoples of the Amazon Rainforest. It contains beta-carbolines (which are MAOIs) such as harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine. Caapi needs sunlight to grow, and most caapi is cultivated by the shamans who use it. According to The C ...

Including:

• Banisteriopsis caapi - Types of vine
• Banisteriopsis caapi - Peru
• Banisteriopsis caapi - Ecuador
• Banisteriopsis caapi - Legal issues
• Banisteriopsis caapi - Legality
• Banisteriopsis caapi - Patent issues
• Banisteriopsis caapi - External link

Read more here: » Banisteriopsis caapi: Encyclopedia - Banisteriopsis caapi

A number of brands of consumer products that date from the patent medicine era are still on the market and available today. Their ingredients may have changed from the original formulas; the claims made for the benefits they offer have typically been seriously revised. These brands include: 666 cough syrup Absorbine Jr. Bromo-Seltzer Carter's Little Liver Pills (The liver is no longer mentioned, though.) Chlorodyne Doan's Pills Fletcher's Castoria Geritol Go ...

See also:

Patent medicine, Patent medicine - Patent medicines and advertising, Patent medicine - Ingredients and their uses, Patent medicine - What was in them?, Patent medicine - What did they claim to be good for?, Patent medicine - What did they actually contain?, Patent medicine - The end of the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Surviving consumer products from the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Products no longer sold under medicinal claims

Read more here: » Patent medicine: Encyclopedia II - Patent medicine - Surviving consumer products from the patent medicine era

Patent medicine - What was in them?. Some level of exoticism and mystery in the contents of the preparation was deemed desirable by their promoters. Unlikely ingredients such as the baobab fruit in Oxien were a recurring theme. A famous patent medicine of the period was Dr. Kilmer's Swamp Root; unspecified roots found in swamps had remarkable effects on the kidneys, according to its literature. Native American themes were also useful; Natives, imagined to be noble savages, were thought to be ...

See also:

Patent medicine, Patent medicine - Patent medicines and advertising, Patent medicine - Ingredients and their uses, Patent medicine - What was in them?, Patent medicine - What did they claim to be good for?, Patent medicine - What did they actually contain?, Patent medicine - The end of the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Surviving consumer products from the patent medicine era, Patent medicine - Products no longer sold under medicinal claims

Read more here: » Patent medicine: Encyclopedia II - Patent medicine - Ingredients and their uses

The process for creating ricin is well-known, in part because a patent was granted for it in 1952. The inventors named in US Patent 3,060,165 (granted October 23, 1962) "Preparation of Toxic Ricin", assigned to the U.S. Secretary of the Army, are Harry L. Craig, O.H. Alderks, Alsoph H. Corwin, Sally H. Dieke, and Charlotte Karel. The patent was removed from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) database sometime in 2004, but is still available online t ...

See also:

Ricin, Ricin - Toxicity and manufacture, Ricin - Potential medicinal use, Ricin - Use as a chemical/biological warfare agent, Ricin - Ricin patent, Ricin - Ricin extraction process, Ricin - Ricin-related arrests in Britain in 2003, Ricin - Ricin in Washington D.C., Ricin - Ricin in popular culture

Read more here: » Ricin: Encyclopedia II - Ricin - Ricin patent

New developments in science are often adapted into questionable therapies. Magnets were, and still are, used as elements in cure-all devices. The plausibility of electrical cures was enhanced by the fact that electrical machinery was being put into practical use in medicine at this time. Electrocautery machines proved much more effective than hot irons and other primitive cauterization tools, for example. The 20th ...

See also:

Electrical quackery, Electrical quackery - Perkins Patent Tractors, Electrical quackery - Electric belts and corsets, Electrical quackery - Electronic Reactions of Abrams, Electrical quackery - Other Theories of Electrical Medicine

Read more here: » Electrical quackery: Encyclopedia II - Electrical quackery - Other Theories of Electrical Medicine

In 1795, an American doctor from Connecticut named Elisha Perkins developed the Perkins Patent Tractors — a pair of rods, one made of iron and one made of brass, that purportedly drew out disease and pain by passing them over one's body. The Connecticut Medical Society loudly condemned the tractors as "delusive quackery". Despite the device's failure to meet the conventional medical standards of the time, the tractors proved popular, and even George Washington bought a set. Perkins died of yellow fever in 1799 and his son, Benjamin Perkins, amassed a fortune with the tractors, as well as wi ...

See also:

Electrical quackery, Electrical quackery - Perkins Patent Tractors, Electrical quackery - Electric belts and corsets, Electrical quackery - Electronic Reactions of Abrams, Electrical quackery - Other Theories of Electrical Medicine

Read more here: » Electrical quackery: Encyclopedia II - Electrical quackery - Perkins Patent Tractors

Main article: Albert Abrams In the years from World War I to 1924, Albert Abrams promoted "ERA", which stood for Electronic Reactions of Abrams. His theory was that electrons were the basic element of all life, and that he could diagnose, and later cure, diseases by analysis of blood. His work was debunked in 1923 and 1924, and after his death his machines were found to consist of nothin ...

See also:

Electrical quackery, Electrical quackery - Perkins Patent Tractors, Electrical quackery - Electric belts and corsets, Electrical quackery - Electronic Reactions of Abrams, Electrical quackery - Other Theories of Electrical Medicine

Read more here: » Electrical quackery: Encyclopedia II - Electrical quackery - Electronic Reactions of Abrams

It was widely reported in the media that traces of ricin were detected by British police in a flat in Wood Green, North London after a raid on a suspected ring of terrorists on 5 January 2003. Media reports stated that a group was suspected of intending to use the poison in an attack on the London Underground. However at the trial of Kamel Bourgass in 2005 it became apparent that within a few days of the raid the leader of the Biological Weapon Identification Group at the Porton Down Defence Science and Technology Laboratory had concluded th ...

See also:

Ricin, Ricin - Toxicity and manufacture, Ricin - Potential medicinal use, Ricin - Use as a chemical/biological warfare agent, Ricin - Ricin patent, Ricin - Ricin extraction process, Ricin - Ricin-related arrests in Britain in 2003, Ricin - Ricin in Washington D.C., Ricin - Ricin in popular culture

Read more here: » Ricin: Encyclopedia II - Ricin - Ricin-related arrests in Britain in 2003