Parenting is the process of raising a child from birth until they reach adulthood. This task is usually done by the biological parents, but if the parents are unable or unwilling to provide care, the task is usually deferred to adoptive parents, foster parents, close relatives (including older siblings), godparents, or institutions (such as group homes or orphanages). An integral part of parenting is education of the child. (For further details on the education of children, see Education) Parenting - Aspects of pa ...

Including:

• Parenting - Aspects of parenting
• Parenting - Parenting Methods and Practices
• Parenting - Pregnancy and the early years
• Parenting - During infancy
• Parenting - Common areas many parents look to address during infancy
• Parenting - School years
• Parenting - Assistance
• Parenting - Observers
• Parenting - Parenting assessment

Read more here: » Parenting: Encyclopedia - Parenting

See also:

Parenting, Parenting - Aspects of parenting, Parenting - Parenting Methods and Practices, Parenting - Pregnancy and the early years, Parenting - During infancy, Parenting - Common areas many parents look to address during infancy, Parenting - School years, Parenting - Assistance, Parenting - Observers, Parenting - Parenting assessment

Read more here: » Parenting: Encyclopedia II - Parenting - Pregnancy and the early years

There are several parent self-report measures that have been developed for use by clinicians and researchers to assess parenting, such as the Parenting Stress Index (PSI; Abidin, 1995) and Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory (AAPI; Bavolek, 1984). Parenting measures can also be observational, such as the Parent-Child Interaction Assessment-II (PCIA-II; Holigrocki, Kaminski, & Frieswyk, 1999). See: Abidin, R. (1995). Parenting Stress Index: Professional Manual. 3rd Ed. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resourc ...

See also:

Parenting, Parenting - Aspects of parenting, Parenting - Parenting Methods and Practices, Parenting - Pregnancy and the early years, Parenting - During infancy, Parenting - Common areas many parents look to address during infancy, Parenting - School years, Parenting - Assistance, Parenting - Observers, Parenting - Parenting assessment

Read more here: » Parenting: Encyclopedia II - Parenting - Parenting assessment

 Grandparents and grandchildren are often linked by a special affection for each other. There seems to be a natural bond between them, perhaps because both are a little outside the rush of life's middle years. When we look deeper into this relationship, however, we find traces of another pattern. We may discover one of the pathways connecting birth and death.

Read more here: » Parenting: The Grandparent Connection

Pregnancy is the carrying of one or more embryos or fetuses by female mammals, including humans, inside their bodies. In a pregnancy, there can be multiple gestations (for example, in the case of twins, or triplets). Human pregnancy is the most studied of all mammalian pregnancies. Human pregnancy lasts approximately 40 weeks between the time of the last menstrual cycle and birth (38 weeks from fertilisation). The medical term for a pregnant woman is genetalian, just as the medical term for the unborn is embryo (e ...

Including:

• Pregnancy - Detection and dating
• Pregnancy - Timeline of a typical pregnancy
• Pregnancy - First trimester
• Pregnancy - Second trimester
• Pregnancy - Third trimester
• Pregnancy - Medical aspects of pregnancy
• Pregnancy - Birth
• Pregnancy - Postnatal Period
• Pregnancy - Terms and definitions
• Pregnancy - Technical
• Pregnancy - Colloquial
• Pregnancy - Reference

Read more here: » Pregnancy: Encyclopedia - Pregnancy

We are the most complex and wonderful of God's creations. The human nervous system allows us to experience the richness of life. Our perceptions create reality. We become what we think. But the right environment is required to create the right perceptions. Hence bringing up a child is an art. It requires knowledge and forbearance, love and compassion. Merely thinking of it as a responsibility is insufficient.

(See also: Spiritual Parenting, Spiritual Guidance, God and Religion, Peace on Earth, Peace of Mind, Love and Happiness, Life and Beyond, Body Mind and Soul)

Pregnancy and childbirth open powerful doorways for spiritual experiences. It was when I was pregnant with my first child, Nick, that my conscious psychic awareness sprang to life. I had many unusual supernatural experiences at this time. One that didn't seem all that extraordinary at the time but later proved profound involved communication with the spirit of my unborn son.

Read more here: » Pregnancy and Childbirth: Before Life Communication

Parental Advisory is a warning message affixed by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) to musical albums records and singles containing what the Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC) sees as explicit content in the United States. The label was introduced in 1985 by the RIAA after pressure from the National Parent-Teacher Association and Parents Music Resource Center. Many record stores refuse to sell albums containing the label (most notably ...

Read more here: » Parental Advisory: Encyclopedia - Parental Advisory

Attachment parenting, a phrase coined by pediatrician Dr. William Sears, is a parenting philosophy based on the principles of the attachment theory in developmental psychology. According to attachment theory, a strong emotional bond with parents during childhood, also known as a secure attachment, is a precursor of secure, empathic relationships in adulthood. Attachment parenting - History. Attachment parenting describes a parenting approach rooted in attachment theory. The infant has a tendency to seek clo ...

Including:

• Attachment parenting - History
• Attachment parenting - Dr. Sears' Eight Ideals of Attachment Parenting
• Attachment parenting - Attachment Parenting and Childcare
• Attachment parenting - Attachment Parenting and Discipline
• Attachment parenting - Criticisms of attachment parenting
• Attachment parenting - Response to criticisms
• Attachment parenting - Relevant publications

Read more here: » Attachment parenting: Encyclopedia - Attachment parenting

The beginning of pregnancy may be detected in a number of ways, including various pregnancy tests which detect hormones generated by the newly-formed placenta. Clinical blood and urine tests can detect pregnancy as early as 6-8 days after date of conception. Home pregnancy tests are personal urine tests, which normally cannot detect a pregnancy until at least 12-15 days after conception. Both clinical and home tests can only detect the state of pregnancy ...

See also:

Pregnancy, Pregnancy - Detection and dating, Pregnancy - Timeline of a typical pregnancy, Pregnancy - First trimester, Pregnancy - Second trimester, Pregnancy - Third trimester, Pregnancy - Medical aspects of pregnancy, Pregnancy - Birth, Pregnancy - Postnatal Period, Pregnancy - Terms and definitions, Pregnancy - Technical, Pregnancy - Colloquial, Pregnancy - Reference

Read more here: » Pregnancy: Encyclopedia II - Pregnancy - Detection and dating

The beginning of pregnancy may be detected in a number of ways, including various pregnancy tests which detect hormones generated by the newly-formed placenta. Clinical blood and urine tests can detect pregnancy as early as 6-8 days after date of conception. Home pregnancy tests are personal urine tests, which normally can't detect a pregnancy until at least 12-15 days after conception. Both clinical and home tests can only detect the state of pregnancy ...

See also:

Pregnancy, Pregnancy - Detection and dating, Pregnancy - Timeline of a typical pregnancy, Pregnancy - First trimester, Pregnancy - Second trimester, Pregnancy - Third trimester, Pregnancy - Medical aspects of pregnancy, Pregnancy - Birth, Pregnancy - Postnatal Period, Pregnancy - Terms and definitions, Pregnancy - Technical, Pregnancy - Colloquial, Pregnancy - Reference

Read more here: » Pregnancy: Encyclopedia II - Pregnancy - Detection and dating

Ectopic pregnancy - Nonsurgical treatment. Early treatment of an ectopic pregnancy with the drug methotrexate has proven to be a viable alternative to surgical treatment since 1993. If administered early in the pregnancy, methotrexate can disrupt the growth of the developing embryo causing the cessation of pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy - Surgical treatment. If hemorrhaging has already occurred, surgical intervention is necessary to halt blood loss and reduce the risk of shock. S ...

See also:

Ectopic pregnancy, Ectopic pregnancy - Overview, Ectopic pregnancy - Causes, Ectopic pregnancy - Cilia damage and tube occlusion, Ectopic pregnancy - Excessive estrogen and progesterone, Ectopic pregnancy - Other, Ectopic pregnancy - Symptoms, Ectopic pregnancy - Diagnosis, Ectopic pregnancy - Nontubal ectopic pregnancy, Ectopic pregnancy - Treatment, Ectopic pregnancy - Nonsurgical treatment, Ectopic pregnancy - Surgical treatment

Read more here: » Ectopic pregnancy: Encyclopedia II - Ectopic pregnancy - Treatment

Born in Montreal, Quebec, Parent was always a stand-up type goalie, a technique he learned from his boyhood hero, Jacques Plante. Many years later, when the slumping Parent talked about retiring, Plante talked him out of it. In addition, Plante coached Parent on some fundamental points that Bernie had been missing in his game. Plante watched him practice in Philadelphia for two days and didn't say anything. Then he told Parent exactly what he was doing wrong - sitting back on his heels, b ...

See also:

Bernie Parent, Bernie Parent - Playing career, Bernie Parent - Awards, Bernie Parent - Records, Bernie Parent - Career statistics, Bernie Parent - Regular season, Bernie Parent - Post season

Read more here: » Bernie Parent: Encyclopedia II - Bernie Parent - Playing career

Doctors can also perform quantitative a serum beta hCG levels. In the first two months of pregnancy, hCG levels are supposed to double every 2-3 days. Failure to do so may indicate that the pregnancy is not developing well and can be an early sign for a possible miscarriage. Also, an ectopic pregnancy may be suspected when hCG levels fail to double. Quantitative beta hCG readings are also used in evaluat ...

See also:

Pregnancy test, Pregnancy test - hCG measurement, Pregnancy test - Doubling rule, Pregnancy test - Correlation to obstetric ultrasonography, Pregnancy test - False positive/negative tests, Pregnancy test - History

Read more here: » Pregnancy test: Encyclopedia II - Pregnancy test - Doubling rule

In 1979, the United States FDA introduced a classification of fetal risks due to pharmaceuticals. This was based on a similar system that was introduced in Sweden just one year earlier. The United States FDA has the following definitions for the pregnancy categories: A shortcoming of the FDA definitions of the pregnancy categories is that the FDA requires an unrealistic amount of high-quality data on a pharmaceutical for it to be defined as Pregnancy Category A. As a consequence of this, many drugs that would be considered Pregnancy Category A in oth ...

See also:

Pregnancy category, Pregnancy category - United States, Pregnancy category - Australia, Pregnancy category - Categorisation of selected agents

Read more here: » Pregnancy category: Encyclopedia II - Pregnancy category - United States

Pregnancy - Technical. zygote - from fertilization until second cell division embryo - conceptus between time of fertilization to 10 weeks of gestation fetus - from 10 weeks of gestation to time of birth FASD - Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, a clinical term for the effects alcohol can have on the developing fetus gestational age - time from last menstrual period (LMP) up to present gravidity (G) - number of times a woma ...

See also:

Pregnancy, Pregnancy - Detection and dating, Pregnancy - Timeline of a typical pregnancy, Pregnancy - First trimester, Pregnancy - Second trimester, Pregnancy - Third trimester, Pregnancy - Medical aspects of pregnancy, Pregnancy - Birth, Pregnancy - Postnatal Period, Pregnancy - Terms and definitions, Pregnancy - Technical, Pregnancy - Colloquial, Pregnancy - Reference

Read more here: » Pregnancy: Encyclopedia II - Pregnancy - Terms and definitions

Perinatal death in the U.S. alone can affect as many as 40,000 families. While the causes may be many, the experience of loss is nearly universal. "Perinatal bereavement" is the grief experienced in and around the time of birth, and the initial synthesis of the grieving process may last two years or more. Perinatal death includes miscarriages, stillbirths and neonatal deaths. SIDS is usually considered in a separate category. Loss at abortion may also be considered in this general area. At the death of an infant, parental expectations ...

See also:

Stillbirth, Stillbirth - Causes, Stillbirth - Effects, Stillbirth - Perinatal Bereavement: Loss at the time of Pregnancy, Stillbirth - Morbid or Difficult Reactions, Stillbirth - Essential Choices & Facilitation of Grief, Stillbirth - Negative Consequences, Stillbirth - Intervention, Stillbirth - Reference

Read more here: » Stillbirth: Encyclopedia II - Stillbirth - Perinatal Bereavement: Loss at the time of Pregnancy

Shaka was probably the first son of the chieftain Senzangakhona and Nandi, a daughter of a past chief of the Langeni tribe, born near present-day Melmoth, KwaZulu-Natal Province. He was conceived out of wedlock somewhere between 1781 and 1787. Some accounts state that he was disowned by his father and chased into exile. Others maintain that his parents married normally. Most accounts attribute his commonly used name to taunts and insults- "ishaka" being a type of native intestinal beetle, perhaps a reference to his illegitimate birth. Other ...

See also:

Shaka, Shaka - Early years, Shaka - Shaka's social and military revolution, Shaka - The major conflicts, Shaka - Mfecane - The Scattering, Shaka - Death and succession, Shaka - Sources

Read more here: » Shaka: Encyclopedia II - Shaka - Early years

Shaka was probably the first son of the chieftain Senzangakhona and Nandi, a daughter of a past chief of the Langeni tribe, born near present-day Melmoth, KwaZulu-Natal Province. He was conceived out of wedlock somewhere between 1781 and 1787. Some accounts state that he was disowned by his father and chased into exile. Others maintain that his parents married normally. Most accounts attribute his commonly used name to taunts and insults- "ishaka" being a type of native intestinal beetle, perhaps a reference to his illegitimate birth. Other ...

See also:

Shaka, Shaka - Early years, Shaka - Shaka's social and military revolution, Shaka - The major conflicts, Shaka - Mfecane - The Scattering, Shaka - Death and succession, Shaka - Sources

Read more here: » Shaka: Encyclopedia II - Shaka - Early years

Montesinos was born in Arequipa. His parents were fervent communists who named him after Lenin, but he would soon disavow this and become a right-winger. In 1965, as a military cadet, he studied at the US Army's School of the Americas. In the early 1970s, during the leftist Military Government of General Juan Velasco, Montesinos became a captain of the army. In 1973, he was appointed aide to the arm ...

See also:

Vladimiro Montesinos, Vladimiro Montesinos - Early years, Vladimiro Montesinos - Fujimori years, Vladimiro Montesinos - Downfall, Vladimiro Montesinos - Trial

Read more here: » Vladimiro Montesinos: Encyclopedia II - Vladimiro Montesinos - Early years