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Paradigm Shift

A Wisdom Archive on Paradigm Shift

Paradigm Shift

A selection of articles related to Paradigm Shift

We recommend this article: Paradigm Shift - 1, and also this: Paradigm Shift - 2.
paradigm shift

ARTICLES RELATED TO Paradigm Shift

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Paradigm - Other uses

Probably the most common use of the word paradigm is in the sense of Weltanschauung. For example, in social science, the term is used to describe the set of experiences, beliefs and values that affect the way an individual perceives reality and responds to that perception. Social scientists have adopted the Kuhnian phrase "paradigm shift" to denote a particular social phenomenon rather than what was originally meant by Kuhn's study on the practices and development of science. Even occultists, notably chaos magicians, use the term to describe a shift in personal belief s ...

See also:

Paradigm, Paradigm - Paradigm shifts, Paradigm - Other uses, Paradigm - Etymology, Paradigm - Quote

Read more here: » Paradigm: Encyclopedia II - Paradigm - Other uses

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Chaos magicians

Practitioners of chaos magic attempt to be outside of all categories - for them, worldviews, theories, beliefs, opinions, habits and even personalities are tools that may be chosen arbitrarily in order to understand or manipulate the world they see and create around themselves. Chaos magicians are frequently described as funny, extreme or very individualistic people. They also may consider themselves exceptionally tolerant, remarking that whatever one might disagree over is merely an opinion, and hence interchangeable, anyway. For a list of notable chaos mag ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Chaos magicians

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Demarcation problem - Feyerabend and the problem of autonomy in science

There has been a post-Kuhn trend to downplay the difference between science and non-science, as Kuhn's work largely called to question the Popperian ideal of simple demarcation, and emphasized the human, subjective quality of scientific change. The radical philosopher of science Paul Feyerabend took these arguments to their limit, arguing that science does not occupy a special place in terms of either its logic or method, so that any claim to special authority made by scientists cannot be upheld. This leads to a particularly democratic and a ...

See also:

Demarcation problem, Demarcation problem - Science and religion part ways, Demarcation problem - Logical Positivism, Demarcation problem - Falsificationism, Demarcation problem - Kuhn and paradigm shifts, Demarcation problem - Feyerabend and the problem of autonomy in science, Demarcation problem - Conclusion

Read more here: » Demarcation problem: Encyclopedia II - Demarcation problem - Feyerabend and the problem of autonomy in science

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Chaos magicians

Practitioners of chaos magick attempt to be outside of all categories - for them, worldviews, theories, beliefs, opinions, habits and even personalities are tools that may be chosen arbitrarily in order to understand or manipulate the world they see and create around themselves. Chaos magicians are frequently described as funny, extreme or very individualistic people. They also may consider themselves exceptionally tolerant, remarking that whatever one might disagree over is merely an opinion, and hence interchangeable, anyway. For a list of notable chaos mag ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Chaos magicians

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Demarcation problem - Science and religion part ways

The demarcation problem is a fairly recent creation. The problem can be traced back to a time when science and religion had already become independent of one another to a great extent. In 1874, the influential science historian John William Draper published his 'History of the Conflict between Religion and Science'. In it he portrayed the entire history of scientific development as a war against religion. This somewhat skewed presentation of historical fact was propagated further by such prestigious followers as Andrew Dickson White in his ess ...

See also:

Demarcation problem, Demarcation problem - Science and religion part ways, Demarcation problem - Logical Positivism, Demarcation problem - Falsificationism, Demarcation problem - Kuhn and paradigm shifts, Demarcation problem - Feyerabend and the problem of autonomy in science, Demarcation problem - Conclusion

Read more here: » Demarcation problem: Encyclopedia II - Demarcation problem - Science and religion part ways

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Demarcation problem - Falsificationism

The philosopher Karl Popper noticed that the philosophers of the Vienna Circle had mixed two different problems and had accordingly given them a single solution: verificationism. In opposition to this view, Popper emphasized that a theory might well be meaningful without being scientific, and that, accordingly, a criterion of meaningfulness may not necessarily coincide with a criterion of demarcation. His own falsificationism, thus, is not only an alternative to verificationism; it is also an acknowledgment of the co ...

See also:

Demarcation problem, Demarcation problem - Science and religion part ways, Demarcation problem - Logical Positivism, Demarcation problem - Falsificationism, Demarcation problem - Kuhn and paradigm shifts, Demarcation problem - Feyerabend and the problem of autonomy in science, Demarcation problem - Conclusion

Read more here: » Demarcation problem: Encyclopedia II - Demarcation problem - Falsificationism

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Plate tectonics - History and impact

Plate tectonics - Continental drift. For more details on this topic, see Continental drift. Continental drift was one of many ideas about tectonics proposed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The theory has been superseded by and the concepts and data have been incorporated within plate tectonics. By 1915 Alfred Wegener was making serious arguments for the idea with the first edition of The Origin of Continents and Oceans. In that book he noted how the east ...

See also:

Plate tectonics, Plate tectonics - Key principles, Plate tectonics - Types of plate boundaries, Plate tectonics - Transform conservative boundaries, Plate tectonics - Divergent constructive boundaries, Plate tectonics - Convergent destructive boundaries, Plate tectonics - Sources of plate motion, Plate tectonics - Friction, Plate tectonics - Gravity, Plate tectonics - Major plates, Plate tectonics - History and impact, Plate tectonics - Continental drift, Plate tectonics - Floating continents, Plate tectonics - Plate tectonic theory, Plate tectonics - Geological paradigm shift, Plate tectonics - Plate tectonics on Mars, Plate tectonics - Metaphoric uses

Read more here: » Plate tectonics: Encyclopedia II - Plate tectonics - History and impact

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Plate tectonics - History and impact

Plate tectonics - Continental drift. For more details on this topic, see Continental drift. Continental drift was one of many ideas about tectonics proposed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The theory has been superseded by and the concepts and data have been incorporated within plate tectonics. By 1915 Alfred Wegener was making serious arguments for the idea with the first edition of The Origin of Continents and Oceans. In that book he noted how the east ...

See also:

Plate tectonics, Plate tectonics - Key principles, Plate tectonics - Types of plate boundaries, Plate tectonics - Transform conservative boundaries, Plate tectonics - Divergent constructive boundaries, Plate tectonics - Convergent destructive boundaries, Plate tectonics - Sources of plate motion, Plate tectonics - Friction, Plate tectonics - Gravity, Plate tectonics - Major plates, Plate tectonics - History and impact, Plate tectonics - Continental drift, Plate tectonics - Floating continents, Plate tectonics - Plate tectonic theory, Plate tectonics - Geological paradigm shift, Plate tectonics - Plate tectonics on Other Planets, Plate tectonics - Metaphoric uses

Read more here: » Plate tectonics: Encyclopedia II - Plate tectonics - History and impact

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Pre-History

Austin Osman Spare was initially involved with the Golden Dawn tradition, and its offshoots such as the O.T.O and Aleister Crowley's Argenteum Astrum but later broke with them to work independently. He would develop theory and practices which would, after his death, profoundly influence the Illuminates of Thanateros. Specifically, Spare developed the use of sigils, and techniques involving states of ecstasy (see gnosis below) to empower these. Spare also pioneered the development of a personal sacred alphabet, and was a talented artist who u ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Pre-History

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - History

The term chaos magick first appeared in print in the widely influential Liber Null by Peter Carroll, first published in 1978. In it, Carroll formulated several concepts on magic that were radically different from what was considered magical mysteries in the days of Crowley. This book, along with Psychonaut (1981) by the same author, remain important sourcebooks. Magicians who align themselves with these ideas call themselves Ch ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - History

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - The Gnostic state

A concept introduced by Carroll is the gnostic state, also referred to as gnosis. This is defined as a special state of consciousness that in his magic theory is what is necessary for working most forms of magic. This is a departure from older concepts which described energies, spirits or symbolic acts as the source of magical powers. The concept has an ancestor in the Buddhist concept of Samadhi, made popular in western occultism by Aleister Cr ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - The Gnostic state

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Symbols and deities

Chaos magick is unique among magical traditions in that it does not attribute significance to any particular symbol or deity. Wicca and Thelema, for example, could not be what they are without the Mother goddess and Horus, respectively. In contrast, chaos magicians may (or may not) pick any concept or set of concepts to worship, invoke or evoke. Following the tenet that anything can have significance and hold magical power, chaos magic rituals have centered around symbols as diverse as the color Octarine, a single worn sock, or Harpo ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Symbols and deities

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - The Gnostic state

A concept introduced by Carroll is the gnostic state, also referred to as gnosis. This is defined as a special state of consciousness that in his magic theory is what is necessary for working most forms of magick. This is a departure from older concepts which described energies, spirits or symbolic acts as the source of magical powers. The concept has an ancestor in the Buddhist concept of Samadhi, made popular in western occultism by Aleister Cr ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - The Gnostic state

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Symbols and deities

Chaos magick is unique among magical traditions in that it does not attribute significance to any particular symbol or deity. Wicca and Thelema, for example, could not be what they are without the Mother goddess and Horus, respectively. In contrast, chaos magicians may (or may not) pick any concept or set of concepts to worship, invoke or evoke. Following the tenet that anything can have significance and hold magical power, chaos magick rituals have centered around symbols as diverse as the color Octarine, a single worn sock, or Harpo ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - Symbols and deities

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - History

The term chaos magick first appeared in print in the widely influential Liber Null by Peter Carroll, first published in 1978. In it, Carroll formulated several concepts on magick that were radically different from what was considered magical mysteries in the days of Crowley. This book, along with Psychonaut (1981) by the same author, remain important sourcebooks. Magicians who align themselves with these ideas call themselves Ch ...

See also:

Chaos magic, Chaos magic - Pre-History, Chaos magic - History, Chaos magic - Magical paradigm shifting, Chaos magic - The Gnostic state, Chaos magic - Chaos magicians, Chaos magic - Symbols and deities, Chaos magic - In pop culture

Read more here: » Chaos magic: Encyclopedia II - Chaos magic - History

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Raymond Kurzweil - Transhumanism and future studies

In his 2001 essay, The Law of Accelerating Returns, Ray Kurzweil proposed a generalization of Moore's law that forms the basis of many people's beliefs regarding a "Technological Singularity". Moore's law describes an exponential growth pattern in the complexity of integrated semiconductor circuits. Kurzweil extended this to include technologies from far before the integrated circuit to future forms of computation. He declared that, whenever a technology approaches some kind of a barrier, a new technology will be invented to allow us to cros ...

See also:

Raymond Kurzweil, Raymond Kurzweil - Life inventions and awards, Raymond Kurzweil - Transhumanism and future studies, Raymond Kurzweil - Published books

Read more here: » Raymond Kurzweil: Encyclopedia II - Raymond Kurzweil - Transhumanism and future studies

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Raymond Kurzweil - Life inventions and awards

Kurzweil grew up in Queens, New York. In his youth, he was an avid consumer of science fiction literature. By the age of 12 he had programmed his first computer. Shortly after his discovery of programming, he appeared on the CBS television programme I've Got a Secret, where he performed a piano piece that was composed by a computer he had built. In 1968 he sold a company he created that matched high schoolers with prospective colleges by answering a 200 question survey. H ...

See also:

Raymond Kurzweil, Raymond Kurzweil - Life inventions and awards, Raymond Kurzweil - Transhumanism and future studies, Raymond Kurzweil - Published books

Read more here: » Raymond Kurzweil: Encyclopedia II - Raymond Kurzweil - Life inventions and awards

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Disruptive technology - Examples of disruptive technologies

Not all technologies promoted as disruptive technologies have actually prospered as well as their proponents had hoped. However, some of these technologies have only been around for a few years, and their ultimate fate has not yet been determined. Unresolved examples of technologies promoted as 'disruptive technologies' Music downloads and file sharing vs. compact discs ebooks vs. paper books e-commerce vs. physical shops Open-source software vs. proprietary software (for example Linux versus Mi ...

See also:

Disruptive technology, Disruptive technology - The theory, Disruptive technology - Examples of disruptive technologies, Disruptive technology - Business implications, Disruptive technology - Books and papers

Read more here: » Disruptive technology: Encyclopedia II - Disruptive technology - Examples of disruptive technologies

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Disruptive technology - The theory

Christensen distinguishes between low-end disruption which targets customers who do not need the full performance of the high end of the market and new-market disruption which targets customers who could previously not be served profitably by the incumbent. "Low-end disruption" occurs when the rate at which products improve exceeds the rate at which customers can learn and adopt the new performance. Therefore, at some point the performance of the product overshoots the needs of certain customer segments. At this point, a ...

See also:

Disruptive technology, Disruptive technology - The theory, Disruptive technology - Examples of disruptive technologies, Disruptive technology - Business implications, Disruptive technology - Books and papers

Read more here: » Disruptive technology: Encyclopedia II - Disruptive technology - The theory

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Samuel Kuhn - The Structure of Scientific Revolutions 1962

Thomas Kuhn is most famous for his book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (SSR) (1962) in which he presented the idea that science does not evolve gradually toward truth, but instead undergoes periodic revolutions which he calls "paradigm shifts." The enormous impact of Kuhn's work can be measured in the revolution it brought about even in the vocabulary of the history of science: besides "paradigm shifts," Kuhn raised the word "paradigm" itself from a term used in certain forms of linguistics to its current broader meani ...

See also:

Thomas Samuel Kuhn, Thomas Samuel Kuhn - Life, Thomas Samuel Kuhn - The Structure of Scientific Revolutions 1962, Thomas Samuel Kuhn - Bibliography

Read more here: » Thomas Samuel Kuhn: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Samuel Kuhn - The Structure of Scientific Revolutions 1962

Paradigm Shift: Encyclopedia II - Plate tectonics - Key principles

The division of the Earth's interior into lithospheric and asthenospheric components is based on their mechanical differences. The lithosphere is cooler and more rigid, whilst the asthenosphere is hotter and mechanically weaker. This division should not be confused with the chemical subdivision of the Earth into (from innermost to outermost) core, mantle, and crust. The key principle of plate tectonics is that the lithosphere exists as separate and distinct tectonic plates, which "float" on the fluid-like asthenosphere. The relative fluidity of the asthenosphere allows the tectonic ...

See also:

Plate tectonics, Plate tectonics - Key principles, Plate tectonics - Types of plate boundaries, Plate tectonics - Transform conservative boundaries, Plate tectonics - Divergent constructive boundaries, Plate tectonics - Convergent destructive boundaries, Plate tectonics - Sources of plate motion, Plate tectonics - Friction, Plate tectonics - Gravity, Plate tectonics - Major plates, Plate tectonics - History and impact, Plate tectonics - Continental drift, Plate tectonics - Floating continents, Plate tectonics - Plate tectonic theory, Plate tectonics - Geological paradigm shift, Plate tectonics - Plate tectonics on Mars, Plate tectonics - Metaphoric uses

Read more here: » Plate tectonics: Encyclopedia II - Plate tectonics - Key principles




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