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Palomar Observatory | A Wisdom Archive on Palomar Observatory | | Palomar Observatory A selection of articles related to Palomar Observatory | |
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Palomar Observatory
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Palomar Observatory | | | |  Palomar Observatory: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs
Gamma ray burst - Notable GRBs.
GRB 990123, in 1999, was the first seen in the optical waveband while bursting.
GRB 971214, in 1998, was found to be the brightest observed GRB in the universe. As it is likely that the radiation was beamed towards us, it is impossible to say what the total energy release was.
GRB 970228, in 1997, was the first pinpointed. It was pinpointed using its X-ray afterglow.
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See also:Gamma ray burst, Gamma ray burst - Discovery, Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228, Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123, Gamma ray burst - What is a GRB?, Gamma ray burst - Early theories, Gamma ray burst - Modern ideas, Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth, Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Notable GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Extreme GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater Read more here: » Gamma ray burst: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs |
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| | | | | Palomar Observatory: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater A Soft gamma repeater is a type of magnetar which emits large bursts of gamma rays and X-rays at irregular intervals. The photons are less energetic than in a normal gamma ray burst (in the soft gamma ray and hard X-ray range), and repeated bursts come from the same region.
SGR 1806-20 had the most massive burst yet recorded, with an absolute magnitude of -29.
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See also:Gamma ray burst, Gamma ray burst - Discovery, Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228, Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123, Gamma ray burst - What is a GRB?, Gamma ray burst - Early theories, Gamma ray burst - Modern ideas, Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth, Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Notable GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Extreme GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater Read more here: » Gamma ray burst: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater |
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| | | | | Palomar Observatory: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth One line of research has investigated the consequences of Earth being hit by a beam of gamma rays from a nearby gamma ray burst. This is motivated by the efforts to explain mass extinctions on Earth and estimate the probability of extraterrestrial life. The consensus seems to be that the damage that a gamma ray burst could do would be limited by its very short duration, but that a sufficiently close gamma ray burst could do serious damage to the atmosphere, perhaps wiping out the ozone layer and triggering a mass extinction. The damage from a gamma ray burst w ...
See also:Gamma ray burst, Gamma ray burst - Discovery, Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228, Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123, Gamma ray burst - What is a GRB?, Gamma ray burst - Early theories, Gamma ray burst - Modern ideas, Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth, Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Notable GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Extreme GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater Read more here: » Gamma ray burst: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth |
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| | | | | Palomar Observatory: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123 Astronomers first managed to obtain a visible-light image of a GRB as it occurred on January 23, 1999, using the Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment 1 (ROTSE-1), sited in Los Alamos, New Mexico. ROTSE-1 consists of an array of four commercial 200 millimeter telephoto lenses focused on CCD electronic imaging arrays and mounted on an automated platform. While such lenses are modest even by the standards of amateur astronomy, ROTSE-1 has a wide field of view and ...
See also:Gamma ray burst, Gamma ray burst - Discovery, Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228, Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123, Gamma ray burst - What is a GRB?, Gamma ray burst - Early theories, Gamma ray burst - Modern ideas, Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth, Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Notable GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Extreme GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater Read more here: » Gamma ray burst: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123 |
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| | | | | Palomar Observatory: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Discovery Cosmic gamma-ray bursts were discovered in the late 1960s by the US Vela nuclear test detection satellites. The Velas were built to detect radiation emitted by nuclear weapons tests, but they picked up occasional bursts of gamma rays from unknown sources. In 1973 researchers at the US Los Alamos National Laboratory were able to use the data from the satellites to determine that the bursts came from deep space.
Gamma ray bursts can only be observed directly from space, as the atmosphere blocks gamma rays. Astronomers believed that once ...
See also:Gamma ray burst, Gamma ray burst - Discovery, Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228, Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123, Gamma ray burst - What is a GRB?, Gamma ray burst - Early theories, Gamma ray burst - Modern ideas, Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth, Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Notable GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Extreme GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater Read more here: » Gamma ray burst: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Discovery |
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| | | | | Palomar Observatory: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228 By the late 1990s, the local origin hypothesis for GRBs had been ruled out. The first clue came from the Italian-Dutch BeppoSAX satellite, which was launched in 1996 and operated until 2003.
BeppoSAX carried a gamma-ray detector that worked in conjunction with a pair of wide-field X-ray cameras. While the satellite's gamma-ray detector had poor angular resolution, a gamma-ray burst will generally have an X-ray component, which would allow the X-ray cameras to quickly p ...
See also:Gamma ray burst, Gamma ray burst - Discovery, Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228, Gamma ray burst - Caught in the act: GRB 990123, Gamma ray burst - What is a GRB?, Gamma ray burst - Early theories, Gamma ray burst - Modern ideas, Gamma ray burst - Mass extinction on Earth, Gamma ray burst - List of GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Notable GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Extreme GRBs, Gamma ray burst - Soft Gamma Repeater Read more here: » Gamma ray burst: Encyclopedia II - Gamma ray burst - Pinpointing a burst: GRB 970228 |
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| | | | | Palomar Observatory: Encyclopedia II - San Diego County California - Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 11,721 km² (4,526 mi²). 10,878 km² (4,200 mi²) of it is land and 843 km² (326 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 7.20% water.
San Diego County has varied topography. On its western side is seventy miles of coastline. Snow-capped mountains rise to the northeast, with the Sonoran Desert to the far east. The Cleveland National Forest lies to the southeast.
North San Diego County is known ...
See also:San Diego County California, San Diego County California - History, San Diego County California - Geography, San Diego County California - Adjacent Counties, San Diego County California - Sites of interest, San Diego County California - Observatories, San Diego County California - Wine regions, San Diego County California - Politics, San Diego County California - Demographics, San Diego County California - Current estimates, San Diego County California - Cities and towns in San Diego County, San Diego County California - Airports Read more here: » San Diego County California: Encyclopedia II - San Diego County California - Geography |
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