Palmach

The Palmach (Hebrew abbreviation of "Plugot Mahatz פלוגות מחץ" - in English strike force) were the regular fighting forces of the Yishuv (Jewish settlement) in Palestine prior to the establishment of state of Israel. The Palmach was established by the British military and Haganah on May 15, 1941 to help the British protect Palestine from the Nazi German threat. They were also to assist British forces with the planned invasion of Syria and Lebanon, then held by Vichy French forces. British experts trained the Pal ...

See also:

Palmach, Palmach - History, Palmach - Military organisation, Palmach - The Palmach in Politics and Culture, Palmach - Notable Palmachniks, Palmach - Bibliography

Read more here: » Palmach: Encyclopedia II - Palmach - History

Yitzhak Rabin ▶ (help·info) (or Yitschak Rabin) (יצחק רבין in Hebrew), (March 1, 1922 – November 4, 1995) was an Israeli politician and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel from 1974 until 1977 and again from 1992 until his assassination in 1995 by Yigal Amir, a right-wing activist who had strenuously opposed Rabin's signing of the Oslo Accords. He was the first local-born Prime Minister of Israel, the only Prime Minister ...

Including:

• Yitzhak Rabin - Youth and service in the Palmach
• Yitzhak Rabin - IDF service
• Yitzhak Rabin - Ambassador and Minister of Labor
• Yitzhak Rabin - First term as prime minister
• Yitzhak Rabin - Opposition member and minister of defence
• Yitzhak Rabin - Second term as prime minister
• Yitzhak Rabin - Assassination and aftermath

Read more here: » Yitzhak Rabin: Encyclopedia - Yitzhak Rabin

Yehuda Bauer (born 1926) is an historian and scholar of the Holocaust. He is a Professor of Holocaust Studies at the Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Yehuda Bauer - Biography. Born and raised in Prague, Czechoslovakia, young Yehuda Bauer acquired fluency in the Czech, Slovak and German languages. Later in life he learned Hebrew, Yiddish, English, French and Polish. His father had strong Zionist convictions and during the 1930s tried to raise money to get ...

Including:

• Yehuda Bauer - Biography
• Yehuda Bauer - Views
• Yehuda Bauer - Reference
• Yehuda Bauer - Bibliography

Read more here: » Yehuda Bauer: Encyclopedia - Yehuda Bauer

Uzi Narkiss (Jerusalem, 1925 - Jerusalem, 1997), was an Israeli soldier and general, who served as commander of the Israel Defense Forces units in the Central Region during the Six Day War. He is famous for appearing in a photograph with Chief of Staff Yitzhak Rabin and Defense Minister Moshe Dayan, taken in the Old City of Jerusalem shortly after its capture from Jordanian forces in the 1967 Six Day War. Uzi Narkiss - Early life and career. Born in Jerusalem to Polish immigrant parents, Narkiss' fir ...

Including:

• Uzi Narkiss - Early life and career
• Uzi Narkiss - Mature career
• Uzi Narkiss - Six Day War
• Uzi Narkiss - Later career

Read more here: » Uzi Narkiss: Encyclopedia - Uzi Narkiss

The 1948 Arab-Israeli War is referred to as the "War of Independence" (Hebrew: מלחמת העצמאות) or as the "War of Liberation" (Hebrew: מלחמת השחרור) by Israelis. For Palestinians, the war marked the beginning of the events referred to as "The Catastrophe" ("al Nakba," Arabic: النكبة ). It was the first in a series of wars in the Arab-Israeli conflict. It established the state of Israel as an independent state, dividing the remaining areas of the British Mandate of Palestine into areas co ...

Including:

• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Background
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - The Great Arab Revolt and Its Aftermath
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Yishuv/British Security and Intelligence Collaboration
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - The End of Colonial Rule
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Amin al-Husayni
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Phases of the War
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - First phase: November 29 1947 - April 1 1948
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Second phase: April 1 1948 - May 15 1948
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Third phase: May 15 1948 - June 11 1948
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - First truce: June 11 1948 - July 8 1948
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Fourth phase: July 8 1948 - July 18 1948
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Second truce: July 18 1948 - October 15 1948
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Fifth phase: October 15 1948 - July 20 1949
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Aftermath
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - 1949 Armistice Agreements
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Casualties
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Demographic outcome
• 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Footnotes

Read more here: » 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Encyclopedia - 1948 Arab-Israeli War

The name Tel Aviv in Hebrew means "Hill (tel) of Spring (aviv)", the title given by Nahum Sokolov to his Hebrew translation of Theodor Herzl's book Altneuland (German: "Old-new-land"). The Hebrew word aviv means spring (the season). There is an account that Sokolov came up with the Hebrew title "Tel Aviv" to allude to the destruction of the ancient Jewish state and its hoped-for restoration: aviv = "spring" to symbolize renewal; and tel to symbolize the destruction of the ancient state, follow ...

See also:

Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv - Origin of the name, Tel Aviv - History, Tel Aviv - Culture, Tel Aviv - Sports, Tel Aviv - Transportation, Tel Aviv - Mayors of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv - Twin cities, Tel Aviv - Footnote

Read more here: » Tel Aviv: Encyclopedia II - Tel Aviv - Origin of the name

1948 Arab-Israeli War - First phase: November 29 1947 - April 1 1948. In the twelve days following the UN decision 79 jews were killed by Palestinians, on Nov 30 seven were killed in an attack on a Jerusalem bound bus, and on Dec 2, a mob of Palestinians looted jewish-owned shops in Jerusalem and killed two. The British, who were responible for law and order did not always enforce it, sometimes they would disarm Jewish defense brigades who would then be attacked by Palestinians. The Jews defended themselves and s ...

See also:

1948 Arab-Israeli War, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Background, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - The Great Arab Revolt and Its Aftermath, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Yishuv/British Security and Intelligence Collaboration, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - The End of Colonial Rule, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Amin al-Husayni, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Phases of the War, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - First phase: November 29 1947 - April 1 1948, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Second phase: April 1 1948 - May 15 1948, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Third phase: May 15 1948 - June 11 1948, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - First truce: June 11 1948 - July 8 1948, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Fourth phase: July 8 1948 - July 18 1948, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Second truce: July 18 1948 - October 15 1948, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Fifth phase: October 15 1948 - July 20 1949, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Aftermath, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - 1949 Armistice Agreements, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Casualties, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Demographic outcome, 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Footnotes

Read more here: » 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Encyclopedia II - 1948 Arab-Israeli War - Phases of the War

David Elazar - Events leading up to the war. On 1 October 1973 the armies of Egypt and Syria were placed on alert. Due to an erroneous intelligence assessment and poor decisions by the Israeli military, the IDF responded with only limited measures, few reserve units were called up, and it was determined that war was "unlikely." In the early hours of October 6 (on Yom Kippur, the holiest of the Jewish holidays), Elazar was finally convinced that war would break out that same day, even though the Chief of Military ...

See also:

David Elazar, David Elazar - Early life, David Elazar - Chief of General Staff, David Elazar - The Yom Kippur War, David Elazar - Events leading up to the war, David Elazar - The war, David Elazar - The aftermath, David Elazar - Legacy

Read more here: » David Elazar: Encyclopedia II - David Elazar - The Yom Kippur War

Bauer is a respected authority on the subjects of the Holocaust, antisemitism (the word he insists to be spelled unhyphenated [1]), and Jewish resistance movement during the Holocaust, and has argued for a wider definition of the term. In Bauer's view, resistance to the Nazis comprised not only physical opposition, but any activity that gave the Jewish people dignity and humanity in the most humiliating and inhumane conditions. Furthermore, Bauer has disputed the popular view that most Jews went to their deaths passively. He has presented a ...

See also:

Yehuda Bauer, Yehuda Bauer - Biography, Yehuda Bauer - Views, Yehuda Bauer - Reference, Yehuda Bauer - Bibliography

Read more here: » Yehuda Bauer: Encyclopedia II - Yehuda Bauer - Views

Rabin was born in Jerusalem in what was then Palestine (formal; British Mandate of Palestine). He grew up in Tel Aviv, where his family moved when he was one year old, and in 1940 he graduated with distinction from the Kadoori Agricultural High School. His matriculation was his last formal education, with the exception of some military strategy courses which he later took in the United Kingdom. He aspired to become an irrigation engineer. In 1941, during his practical training at Kibbutz Ramat Yochanan, Rabin joined the Palmach section of the Haganah, and ...

See also:

Yitzhak Rabin, Yitzhak Rabin - Youth and service in the Palmach, Yitzhak Rabin - IDF service, Yitzhak Rabin - Ambassador and Minister of Labor, Yitzhak Rabin - First term as prime minister, Yitzhak Rabin - Opposition member and minister of defence, Yitzhak Rabin - Second term as prime minister, Yitzhak Rabin - Assassination and aftermath

Read more here: » Yitzhak Rabin: Encyclopedia II - Yitzhak Rabin - Youth and service in the Palmach

The fighting was over at about 11:00 am. The fighters begin to clean up the houses to secure them. Irgun's commander Ben-Zion Cohen noted: "[We] felt a desire for revenge." One villager has stated that the attackers appeared to have been set off by an Irgun commander's death, still others reported that upon discovering an armed man disguised as a woman, one guerrilla began shooting everyone around, followed by his comrades joining in. In the afternoon prisoners were taken on the village trucks to a victory parade in the Jewish neighbourhoods ...

See also:

Deir Yassin massacre, Deir Yassin massacre - Historical background, Deir Yassin massacre - 1948, Deir Yassin massacre - The Village and Irgun and Lehi Activity, Deir Yassin massacre - The question of foreign Arab ALA troops in Deir Yassin, Deir Yassin massacre - Battle plans, Deir Yassin massacre - The battle, Deir Yassin massacre - The loudspeaker truck, Deir Yassin massacre - The massacre, Deir Yassin massacre - Photographs of the bodies, Deir Yassin massacre - Meir Pa'il's eyewitness account, Deir Yassin massacre - Mordechai Gihon's eyewitness account, Deir Yassin massacre - Eliahu Arbel's eyewitness account, Deir Yassin massacre - Jacques de Reynier's eyewitness accout, Deir Yassin massacre - Dr. Alfred Engel's eyewitness account, Deir Yassin massacre - Yeshurun Schiff's eyewitness account, Deir Yassin massacre - Yair Tsaban's eyewitness accout, Deir Yassin massacre - Some villagers' eyewitness accounts, Deir Yassin massacre - Irgun & Lehi member's eyewitness accounts, Deir Yassin massacre - Number of dead wounded and prisoners, Deir Yassin massacre - Results, Deir Yassin massacre - Modern debate

Read more here: » Deir Yassin massacre: Encyclopedia II - Deir Yassin massacre - The massacre

Born in Jerusalem to Polish immigrant parents, Narkiss' first memory was of going into hiding in the city during the 1929 Arab Riots. Narkiss was educated at the Rehavia Gymnasium and began his military service when he joined the Palmach at the age of 16. Subsequently, he was heavily involved in Haganah operations against British Mandatory forces in Palestine; Narkiss was determined to help realise the idea of a Jewish state. In April 1948, Narkiss headed the assault on Katamon, liberating the monastery at San Simon - a key strategic ...

See also:

Uzi Narkiss, Uzi Narkiss - Early life and career, Uzi Narkiss - Mature career, Uzi Narkiss - Six Day War, Uzi Narkiss - Later career

Read more here: » Uzi Narkiss: Encyclopedia II - Uzi Narkiss - Early life and career

The Hadassah Hospital on the Hebrew University campus on Mount Scopus, Jerusalem was connected to Jerusalem only by a narrow access road, a mile and a half long, that travelled through surrounding Arab vilages. Traffic between the hospital and the city came under occasional attacks since the outbreak of hostilities in November 1947. At a press conference on 17 March the leader of the Palestinian forces in Jerusalem, Abdul Kader Husseini, threatened that the Hadassah Hospital and the Hebrew University would be captured or destroyed "if ...

See also:

Hadassah medical convoy massacre, Hadassah medical convoy massacre - The Blockade of Mount Scopus, Hadassah medical convoy massacre - The Attack, Hadassah medical convoy massacre - Aftermath, Hadassah medical convoy massacre - Notes

Read more here: » Hadassah medical convoy massacre: Encyclopedia II - Hadassah medical convoy massacre - The Blockade of Mount Scopus

Rafael Eitan - Early battles. Eitan was a junior officer in the elite Palmach strike force and took part in the Israel's War of Independence. He fought in Jerusalem and received a head wound in the battle for the San Simon Monastery in April 1948. Later he served with the 10th Infantry Battalion in the Lachish-Negev region. In 1954, Captain Eitan became commander of a Paratroops company in Unit 101. During Operation Kinereth in 1955 he received a machinegun wound to his chest, wh ...

See also:

Rafael Eitan, Rafael Eitan - Military career, Rafael Eitan - Early battles, Rafael Eitan - Chief of Staff, Rafael Eitan - Lebanon War, Rafael Eitan - Political career, Rafael Eitan - Death, Rafael Eitan - Books

Read more here: » Rafael Eitan: Encyclopedia II - Rafael Eitan - Military career

Shamir began writing stories at a young age. They immediately attracted attention, and not only for his literary ability. He was always engaged with political problems, always arousing opposition. The first opposition came from Meir Yairi, leader of the left-wing movement to which Shamir belonged, concerning what was perceived as "ideological aberration" in his stories. In hindsight it is difficult to understand what the fuss was about. The stories seem completely innocent and certainly are not hostile or injurious to the kibbutz movement. However, the anger that was aroused against Shamir was so strong ...

See also:

Moshe Shamir, Moshe Shamir - Author Playwright and Opinion Writer, Moshe Shamir - Political activity, Moshe Shamir - Works published in English translation

Read more here: » Moshe Shamir: Encyclopedia II - Moshe Shamir - Author Playwright and Opinion Writer

Argov was born in Jerusalem in 1929 into a family that had lived in the city for seven generations. He joined the Palmach as a teenager, and joined the Israeli Defense Force when it was formed in 1948. Argov was wounded in the Battle of Safed during the Israeli War of Independence, but continued in the military. In 1950, he moved to Washington D.C. to study for a BA in foreign relations at Georgetown University, from which he graduated in 1952. He followed that up with an MA in international rela ...

See also:

Shlomo Argov, Shlomo Argov - Life up to 1982, Shlomo Argov - Attempted Assassination

Read more here: » Shlomo Argov: Encyclopedia II - Shlomo Argov - Life up to 1982

On June 7, 1941, Allied forces including the Australian 7th Division, two Free French brigades and the Indian 5th Brigade launched thrusts into Vichy territory from bases in the British Mandate of Palestine. The ground forces were supported by shelling from Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy units, and by ground attack squadrons from the Royal Air Force and Royal Australian Air Force. Also in support of the Allies was a force of Palestinian Jews - Palmach - acting to disrupt defences and as guides. They were opposed by Dentz's A ...

See also:

Syria-Lebanon campaign, Syria-Lebanon campaign - Causes, Syria-Lebanon campaign - The balance of forces, Syria-Lebanon campaign - The campaign, Syria-Lebanon campaign - Casualties, Syria-Lebanon campaign - Other points

Read more here: » Syria-Lebanon campaign: Encyclopedia II - Syria-Lebanon campaign - The balance of forces

The name Tel Aviv in Hebrew means "Hill (tel) of Spring (aviv)", the title given by Nahum Sokolov to his Hebrew translation of Theodor Herzl's book Altneuland (German: "Old-new-land"). The Hebrew word aviv means spring (the season). There is an account that Sokolov came up with the Hebrew title "Tel Aviv" to allude to the destruction of the ancient Jewish state and its hoped-for restoration: aviv = "spring" to symbolize renewal; and tel to symbolize the destruction of the ancient state, follow ...

See also:

Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv - Origin of the name, Tel Aviv - History, Tel Aviv - Culture, Tel Aviv - Sports, Tel Aviv - Transportation, Tel Aviv - Statistics, Tel Aviv - Mayors of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv - Twin cities, Tel Aviv - Footnote

Read more here: » Tel Aviv: Encyclopedia II - Tel Aviv - Origin of the name

List of Russian Jews - Politicians. Alexey Arbatov, Russian politician & defence analyst Georgy Arbatov, Soviet politician, academic & political advisor Mikhail Fradkov, Prime Minister (Jewish father) Alexander Herzen, Socialist (Jewish mother) Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician Lev Kamenev (Jewish father) & Grigory Zinoviev, ruling triumvirate with Stalin Maxim Litvinov, Soviet ambassador and Minister of Foreign Affairs Alex ...

See also:

List of Russian Jews, List of Russian Jews - Historical figures, List of Russian Jews - Politicians, List of Russian Jews - Soldiers, List of Russian Jews - Other, List of Russian Jews - Scientists, List of Russian Jews - Natural scientists, List of Russian Jews - Social scientists, List of Russian Jews - Cultural figures, List of Russian Jews - Musicians, List of Russian Jews - Comedians, List of Russian Jews - Artists, List of Russian Jews - Authors and poets, List of Russian Jews - Business figures, List of Russian Jews - Entrepreneurs, List of Russian Jews - Oligarchs, List of Russian Jews - Sport figures, List of Russian Jews - Chess, List of Russian Jews - Other sports

Read more here: » List of Russian Jews: Encyclopedia II - List of Russian Jews - Historical figures

When the hopelessness of their position became undeniable on May 13, the defenders of Kfar Etzion laid down their arms and attempted to surrender. The number of people killed and the perpetrators are in dispute. According to one account, the main group of about 50 defenders were surrounded by a large number of Arab irregulars, who shouted "Deir Yassin!" and ordered the Jews to sit down, stand up, and sit down again. Suddenly someone opened up on the Jews with a machine gun and others joined in the killing. Those Jews not imm ...

See also:

Kfar Etzion massacre, Kfar Etzion massacre - Background, Kfar Etzion massacre - The Massacre, Kfar Etzion massacre - The aftermath, Kfar Etzion massacre - Sources

Read more here: » Kfar Etzion massacre: Encyclopedia II - Kfar Etzion massacre - The Massacre