A cross is a geometrical figure consisting of two lines or bars intersecting each other at a 90° angle, dividing one or two of the lines in half. The lines usually run vertically and horizontally; if they run diagonally, the design is technically termed a saltire. The cross is one of the most ancient human symbols, and is used by many religions, most notably Christianity. It is frequently a representation of the division of the world into four elements (or cardinal points), or alternately as the union of the concepts of divini ...

Including:

• Cross - History
• Cross - As markings
• Cross - As emblems and symbols
• Cross - In heraldry
• Cross - In flags
• Cross - Other noteworthy crosses

Read more here: » Cross: Encyclopedia - Cross

See also:

Navy Cross, Navy Cross - Effective Dates, Navy Cross - Criteria, Navy Cross - Order of Precedence, Navy Cross - Devices, Navy Cross - Designer, Navy Cross - First Recipient, Navy Cross - Description and Symbolism, Navy Cross - Obverse, Navy Cross - Reverse, Navy Cross - Ribbon, Navy Cross - Notable Recipients

Read more here: » Navy Cross: Encyclopedia II - Navy Cross - Description and Symbolism

P and Cross, called generally the Labarum of Constantine. It was, however, one of the oldest emblems in Etruria before the Roman Empire. It was also the sign of Osiris. Both the long Latin and the Greek pectoral crosses are Egyptian, the former being very often seen in the hand of Horus. "The cross and Calvary so common in Europe, occurs on the breasts of mummies" (Bonwick).

(See also: P and Cross, Theosophy, Spirituality, Body mind and Soul, Spiritual Dictionary, )

In information theory, the cross entropy between two probability distributions measures the overall difference between the two distributions. Cross entropy is closely related to Kullback-Leibler divergence (which is also known as the relative entropy). The cross entropy for two distributions p and q over the same probability space is defined as follows: , where H(p) is the entropy of p and K

Read more here: » Cross entropy: Encyclopedia - Cross entropy

The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest recognition for valour "in the face of the enemy" that can be awarded to members of the British and Commonwealth armed forces of any rank in any service, and civilians under military command. It is also the highest award in the British Honours system. The medal takes the form of a cross pattée, 1.375 inches (35 mm) wide, bearing a crown surmounted by a lion, and the inscription "FOR VALOUR". This was originally to have been "FOR BRAVERY", until it was changed on the recommenda ...

Including:

• Victoria Cross - Historical background
• Victoria Cross - Awards
• Victoria Cross - Victoria Cross after 2000
• Victoria Cross - Forfeited VCs
• Victoria Cross - Theft of the VC
• Victoria Cross - Official collections
• Victoria Cross - Unofficial collections
• Victoria Cross - Photo Gallery

Read more here: » Victoria Cross: Encyclopedia - Victoria Cross

The Christian cross is a familiar religious symbol of Christianity. It is significant for Christians based on the gospel accounts of the New Testament, which describe the manner of Jesus Christ's death as crucifixion. This painful method of execution was common for slaves and non-Romans convicted of serious crimes in the Roman Empire. The type of cross actually used by Romans for crucifixion is now known as St. Anthony's Cross, shaped like the letter "T", unlike the traditionally depicted Latin cross. Christian cr ...

Including:

• Christian cross - History and Usage
• Christian cross - Forms of the Cross
• Christian cross - Alternative theological views of the cross
• Christian cross - Gallery

Read more here: » Christian cross: Encyclopedia - Christian cross

P is the sixteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is pee. Semitic Pê (mouth) as well as Greek Π or π (Pi) and the Etruscan and Latin letters that developed from the former alphabet all symbolized /p/, a plosive, unvoiced consonant. Those who speak Arabic usually have difficulty pronouncing this sound; they pronounce it like b instead. P - Phonetic use. In English and most other European languages, P is a voiceless bilabial plosive (Including:

• P - Phonetic use
• P - Alternative representations
• P - Computing
• P - Meanings for P

Read more here: » P: Encyclopedia - P

Image:Welsh dresser.jpg Cross-stitch is a popular form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches are used to form a picture. Other stitches are also commonly used in cross-stitch, among them, 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 stitches and backstitches. Cross-stitch is usually executed on easily countable evenweave fabric, or more rarely on non-countable fabric, on which a countable fabric is applied that is removed later, by drawing out every thread of it under the embroidery. This fabric is called waste canvas. The stitcher counts the threads in each direction so th ...

Including:

• Cross-stitch - Modern cross-stitch
• Cross-stitch - Description of the technique
• Cross-stitch - Uses
• Cross-stitch - Designs
• Cross-stitch - Related stitches and forms of embroidery
• Cross-stitch - History
• Cross-stitch - External link

Read more here: » Cross-stitch: Encyclopedia - Cross-stitch

The Cross of Lorraine is a heraldic cross. It consists of a vertical line, crossed by two smaller horizontal bars. The lower bar is as close to the bottom of the vertical as the upper bar is to the top. In the ancient version, both bars were of the same length. In 20th century use, the lower bar is longer than the upper, thus resembling a patriarchal cross, the crossbars of which, however, are both near the top. Cross of Lorraine - Symbol in France. The Cross of Lorraine is part of the heraldic arms of Lorr ...

Including:

• Cross of Lorraine - Symbol in France
• Cross of Lorraine - Other uses
• Cross of Lorraine - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Cross of Lorraine: Encyclopedia - Cross of Lorraine

In mathematics, the cross product is a binary operation on vectors in a three-dimensional Euclidean space. It is also known as the vector product or outer product. It differs from the dot product in that it results in a vector rather than in a scalar. Its main use lies in the fact that the cross product of two vectors is orthogonal to both of them. Cross product - Definition. The cross product of the two vectors a and b is denoted by a × b (in longhand some mathema ...

Including:

• Cross product - Definition
• Cross product - Properties
• Cross product - Geometric meaning
• Cross product - Algebraic properties
• Cross product - Associativity
• Cross product - Matrix notation
• Cross product - Lagrange's formula
• Cross product - Applications
• Cross product - Higher dimensions
• Cross product - Symbol

Read more here: » Cross product: Encyclopedia - Cross product

Wildlife crossings reconnect habitats, allowing animals to cross roads safely. They are widely used in Europe, where efforts to protect wildlife have involved underpasses, amphibian tunnels, and tunnels for small mammals such as otters, hedgehogs, and badgers. The Humane Society reports that the more than 600 tunnels installed under both major and minor roads in the Netherlands have helped to substantially increase population levels of the endangered European badger. Wildlife crossing - Benefits. Reversing ...

Including:

• Wildlife crossing - Benefits
• Wildlife crossing - Practical considerations
• Wildlife crossing - Sources

Read more here: » Wildlife crossing: Encyclopedia - Wildlife crossing

Bicycle | Cycling Bike trials riding Cyclo-cross (sometimes CX or Cyclo-X) is a form of bicycle racing. Races take place typically in the autumn and winter (the international or "World Cup" season is September-January), and consists of many laps of a short (2–3 km) course featuring pavement, wooded trails, grass, steep hills, and obstacles requiring the rider to quickly dismount, jump the barrier and remount in one graceful motion. Races for senior categories are gene ...

Including:

• Cyclo-cross - Origins
• Cyclo-cross - Equipment
• Cyclo-cross - Bicycles
• Cyclo-cross - Clothing
• Cyclo-cross - Courses
• Cyclo-cross - Cyclocross Championships

Read more here: » Cyclo-cross: Encyclopedia - Cyclo-cross

Bon Jovi's sixth album Cross Road, released in October of 1994, was a "Best Of" release. It includes two previously unreleased songs, "Always" and "Someday I'll Be Saturday Night". Also includes "Prayer '94", a low-key re-recording of "Livin' on a Prayer" and "Blaze of Glory", a song that Jon Bon Jovi released on his first solo album of the same title. Approximate sales were in excess of four million copies. Cross Road - Track listing. "Livin' on a Prayer" - 4:41 "Keep t ...

Including:

• Cross Road - Track listing

Read more here: » Cross Road: Encyclopedia - Cross Road

The Battle of Cross Keys was fought on June 8, 1862, in Rockingham County, Virginia, as part of Confederate Army Major General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. Together, the battles of Cross Keys and Port Republic were the decisive victories in Jackson's Valley Campaign, forcing the Union armies to retreat and leaving Jackson free to reinforce Robert E. ...

Read more here: » Battle of Cross Keys: Encyclopedia - Battle of Cross Keys

Cross Roads may refer to: Cross Roads, Texas Cross Roads, Pennsylvania Cross Roads, West Yorkshire In music, Cross Road is the name of a Bon Jovi compilation album, released in 1994. See also: Crossroads Other related archives1994, Bon Jovi, Cross Road, Cross Roads, Pennsylvania, Cross Roads, Texas, Crossroads, compilation album

Read more here: » Cross Roads: Encyclopedia - Cross Roads

Cross section. In geometry, a cross section is the intersection of a 3-dimensional body with a plane; see cross section (geometry). In physics, a cross section represents the probability of an interaction event between two particles; see cross section (physics). Other related archivescross section (geometry), cross section (physics), probability

Read more here: » Cross section: Encyclopedia - Cross section

Alan John Percivale Taylor (March 25, 1906 – September 7, 1990) was a renowned British historian of the 20th century. Taylor was probably the best-known British historian of the century and was certainly one of the most controversial. Taylor was born in Birkdale, brought up in Lancashire, and educated at various Quaker schools and the Bootham School in York. In 1924, he went to Oxford to study modern history. His wealthy parents held strongly left-wing views, which Taylor inherited. In the 1920s, Taylor's mother was a member ...

Including:

• A.J.P. Taylor - Books

Read more here: » A.J.P. Taylor: Encyclopedia - A.J.P. Taylor

These crosses are ones used exclusively or primarily in heraldry, and do not necessarily have any special meanings commonly associated with them. Crosses that are used in heraldry but also commonly in other contexts are not listed here (see main article Cross). A simple heraldic cross (the default if there are no additional specifying words) has arms of roughly equal length, artistically proportioned to the particular shape of the shield, which extend to the edges of the shield. Illustrated is the blazon "Azure, a cross Or" (i.e. a yellow cross on a blue shield). A cross which does not extend to the edges of ...

Read more here: » Cross heraldry: Encyclopedia - Cross heraldry

The Anchored Cross is a symbol which is shaped like a plus sign with anchor-like protrusions at the end of each arm, hence the name Anchored Cross. The symbol can be used to signify 'fresh start' or 'hope'. Anchored crosses are occasionally a feature of coats of arms in which context they are referred to by the heraldic terms anchry or ancre. See also the cross in heraldry. ...

Read more here: » Anchored Cross: Encyclopedia - Anchored Cross

The Cross of Tau, also called St. Anthony's Cross, is a Christian symbol. Tau is a symbol used from antiquity and is represented by a type of cross. Christ most likely died on a Tau cross, although the stem at the top of the cross has become the modern view, called the Latin cross. As with Christianity, other ancient societies who used the "Tau" symbol also evolved its use to represent life, resurrection, reincarnation and blood sacrifice. Other related archivesChrist, Christian, Tau,

Read more here: » Cross of Tau: Encyclopedia - Cross of Tau