 |
|
|
ores | A Wisdom Archive on ores | | ores A selection of articles related to ores | |
| |
ores, Ore, Ore - Important ore minerals, Mineral resource classification, Economic geology
| | | | Top | Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 » Page 7 « Page 8 More » | |
| |
| ARTICLES RELATED TO ores | | | |  ores: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - IsotopesHydrogen is the only element that has different names for its isotopes. (During the early study of radioactivity, various heavy radioactive isotopes were given names, but such names are no longer used, although one element, radon, has a name that originally applied to only one of its isotopes.) The symbols D and T (instead of 2H and 3H) are sometimes used for deuterium and tritium, although this is not officially sanctioned. (The symbol P is ...
See also:Hydrogen, Hydrogen - Basic features, Hydrogen - Applications, Hydrogen - History, Hydrogen - Electron energy levels, Hydrogen - Occurrence, Hydrogen - Compounds, Hydrogen - Forms, Hydrogen - Isotopes Read more here: » Hydrogen: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Isotopes |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - History Hydrogen was first produced by Theophratus Bombastus von Hohenheim (1493–1541)—also known as Paracelsus—by mixing metals with acids. He was unaware that the explosive gas produced by this chemical reaction was hydrogen. In 1671, Robert Boyle described the reaction between two iron fillings and dilute acids, which results in the production of gaseous hydrogen.[3] In 1766, Henry Cavendish was the first to recognize hydrogen as a discrete subs ...
See also:Hydrogen, Hydrogen - Basic features, Hydrogen - Applications, Hydrogen - History, Hydrogen - Electron energy levels, Hydrogen - Occurrence, Hydrogen - Compounds, Hydrogen - Forms, Hydrogen - Isotopes Read more here: » Hydrogen: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - History |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Forms Under normal conditions, hydrogen gas is a mix of two different kinds of molecules which differ from one another by the relative spin of the nuclei.[5] These two forms are known as ortho- and para-hydrogen (this is different from isotopes, see below). In ortho-hydrogen the nuclear spins are parallel (form a triplet), while in para they are antiparallel (form a singlet). At standard conditions hydrogen is composed of about 25% of the para form and 75% of ...
See also:Hydrogen, Hydrogen - Basic features, Hydrogen - Applications, Hydrogen - History, Hydrogen - Electron energy levels, Hydrogen - Occurrence, Hydrogen - Compounds, Hydrogen - Forms, Hydrogen - Isotopes Read more here: » Hydrogen: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Forms |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Compounds The lightest of all gases, hydrogen combines with most other elements to form compounds. Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.2, so it forms compounds where it is the more nonmetallic and where it is the more metallic element. The former are called hydrides, where hydrogen either exists as H- ions or just as a solute within the other element (as in palladium hydride). The latter tend to be covalent, since the H+ ion would be a bare nucleus and so has a strong tendency to pull electrons to itself. These both form acids ...
See also:Hydrogen, Hydrogen - Basic features, Hydrogen - Applications, Hydrogen - History, Hydrogen - Electron energy levels, Hydrogen - Occurrence, Hydrogen - Compounds, Hydrogen - Forms, Hydrogen - Isotopes Read more here: » Hydrogen: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Compounds |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Occurrence Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, making up 75% of normal matter by mass and over 90% by number of atoms. [4] This element is found in great abundance in stars and gas giant planets. It is very rare in the Earth's atmosphere (1 ppm by volume), because being the lightest gas causes it to escape Earth's gravity, though when compounds are considered, it is the tenth most abundant element on Earth. The most common source for t ...
See also:Hydrogen, Hydrogen - Basic features, Hydrogen - Applications, Hydrogen - History, Hydrogen - Electron energy levels, Hydrogen - Occurrence, Hydrogen - Compounds, Hydrogen - Forms, Hydrogen - Isotopes Read more here: » Hydrogen: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Occurrence |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Igneous rock - Morphology and Setting In terms of modes of occurrence, igneous rocks can be either intrusive (plutonic) or extrusive (volcanic).
Igneous rock - Intrusive Igneous Rocks.
Intrusive igneous rocks are formed from magma that cools and hardens within the earth. Surrounded by pre-existing rock (called country rock), the magma cools slowly, and as a result these rocks are coarse grained. The mineral grains in such rocks can generally be identified with the naked eye. Intrusive rocks can also classified according to the shape and size o ...
See also:Igneous rock, Igneous rock - Magma origination, Igneous rock - Morphology and Setting, Igneous rock - Intrusive Igneous Rocks, Igneous rock - Extrusive Igneous Rocks, Igneous rock - Classification, Igneous rock - Texture, Igneous rock - Chemical Classification, Igneous rock - Mineralogical Classification, Igneous rock - Example of classification, Igneous rock - Etymology, Igneous rock - Reference Read more here: » Igneous rock: Encyclopedia II - Igneous rock - Morphology and Setting |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Igneous rock - Classification Igneous rocks are classified according to mode of occurrence, texture, chemical composition, and the geometry of the igneous body.
The classification of the many types of different igneous rocks can provide us with important information about the conditions under which they formed. Two important variables used for the classification of igneous rocks are particle size, which largely depends upon the cooling history, and the mineral composition of the rock. Feldspars, quartz, olivines, pyroxenes, amphiboles, and micas are all important ...
See also:Igneous rock, Igneous rock - Magma origination, Igneous rock - Morphology and Setting, Igneous rock - Intrusive Igneous Rocks, Igneous rock - Extrusive Igneous Rocks, Igneous rock - Classification, Igneous rock - Texture, Igneous rock - Chemical Classification, Igneous rock - Mineralogical Classification, Igneous rock - Example of classification, Igneous rock - Etymology, Igneous rock - Reference Read more here: » Igneous rock: Encyclopedia II - Igneous rock - Classification |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Molybdenum - Precautions Molybdenum dusts and molybdenum compounds, such as molybdenum trioxide and water-soluble molybdates, may have slight toxicities if inhaled or ingested orally. Laboratory tests suggest, compared to many heavy metals, that molybdenum is of relatively low toxicity. Acute toxicity in humans is unlikely because the dose required would be exceptionally large. There is the potential for molybdenum exposure in mining and refining operations, as well as the chemical industry, but to date, no instance of harm from this exposure has been reported. Thou ...
See also:Molybdenum, Molybdenum - Notable characteristics, Molybdenum - Applications, Molybdenum - History, Molybdenum - Occurrence, Molybdenum - Biological role, Molybdenum - Isotopes, Molybdenum - Precautions, Molybdenum - Toxicity in animals Read more here: » Molybdenum: Encyclopedia II - Molybdenum - Precautions |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Open-pit mining - Typical Open Cut Grades Gold is generally extracted in open cut mines at 1 to 2 ppm (grams per tonne), but in certain cases, 0.75ppm gold is economic. This was achieved by bulk heap leaching at Alkane Minerals Ltd. Peak Hill mine in western New South Wales, near Dubbo.
Nickel, generally as laterite, is extracted via open cut down to 0.2%.
Copper is extracted at grades as low as 0.15% to 0.2%, generally in massive open cut mines in Chile, where the size of the re ...
See also:Open-pit mining, Open-pit mining - Extraction, Open-pit mining - Rehabilitation, Open-pit mining - Typical Open Cut Grades, Open-pit mining - Open-pit mines Read more here: » Open-pit mining: Encyclopedia II - Open-pit mining - Typical Open Cut Grades |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Applications Large quantities of hydrogen are needed in the chemical and petroleum industries, notably in the Haber process for the production of ammonia, which by mass ranks as the world's fifth most produced industrial compound. Hydrogen is used in the hydrogenation of fats and oils (into items such as margarine), and in the production of methanol. Hydrogen is used in hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking[2]. The element has several o ...
See also:Hydrogen, Hydrogen - Basic features, Hydrogen - Applications, Hydrogen - History, Hydrogen - Electron energy levels, Hydrogen - Occurrence, Hydrogen - Compounds, Hydrogen - Forms, Hydrogen - Isotopes Read more here: » Hydrogen: Encyclopedia II - Hydrogen - Applications |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Molybdenum - Occurrence Though molybdenum is found in such minerals as wulfenite (PbMoO4) or powellite (CaMoO4), the main commercial source of molybdenum is molybdenite (MoS2). Molybdenum is mined directly, and is also recovered as a byproduct of copper mining. Molybdenum is present in ores from 0.01% to about 0.5%. About half of the world's molybdenum is mined in the United States, with Phelps Dodge Corporation being a primary provider.
The Russian Luna 24 mission discovered a single grain (1 x 0.6 μm) of pure molybdenum in a pyroxene frag ...
See also:Molybdenum, Molybdenum - Notable characteristics, Molybdenum - Applications, Molybdenum - History, Molybdenum - Occurrence, Molybdenum - Biological role, Molybdenum - Isotopes, Molybdenum - Precautions, Molybdenum - Toxicity in animals Read more here: » Molybdenum: Encyclopedia II - Molybdenum - Occurrence |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Igneous rock - Mineralogical Classification For volcanic rocks, mineralogy is important in classifying and naming lavas. The most important criteria is the phenocryst species, followed by the groundmass mineralogy. Often, where the groundmass is aphanitic, chemical classification must be used to properly identify a volcanic rock.
Mineralogic contents - felsic versus mafic
felsic rock, with predominance of quartz, alkali feldspar and/or feldspathoids: the felsic minerals; these rocks (e.g., granite) are usually light coloured, and have low densi ...
See also:Igneous rock, Igneous rock - Magma origination, Igneous rock - Morphology and Setting, Igneous rock - Intrusive Igneous Rocks, Igneous rock - Extrusive Igneous Rocks, Igneous rock - Classification, Igneous rock - Texture, Igneous rock - Chemical Classification, Igneous rock - Mineralogical Classification, Igneous rock - Example of classification, Igneous rock - Etymology, Igneous rock - Reference Read more here: » Igneous rock: Encyclopedia II - Igneous rock - Mineralogical Classification |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Uranium - Occurrence Uranium is a naturally-occurring element found at low levels in virtually all rock, soil, and water. It is considered to be more plentiful than antimony, beryllium, cadmium, gold, mercury, silver, or tungsten and is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. It is found in many minerals including uraninite (most common uranium ore), autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite. Significant concentrations of uranium occur in some substances such as phosphate rock deposits, and minerals such as lignite, and monazite sands in uranium-rich ores (it is recov ...
See also:Uranium, Uranium - Notable characteristics, Uranium - Applications, Uranium - History, Uranium - Military applications, Uranium - Uranium exploration and mining, Uranium - Rise stagnation and possible renaissance of uranium mining, Uranium - Risks of uranium mining, Uranium - Codenames tuballoy and oralloy, Uranium - Compounds, Uranium - Occurrence, Uranium - Production and distribution, Uranium - Isotopes, Uranium - Precautions Read more here: » Uranium: Encyclopedia II - Uranium - Occurrence |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Uranium - Production and distribution Commercial-grade uranium can be produced through the reduction of uranium halides with alkali or alkaline earth metals. Uranium metal can also be made through electrolysis of KUF5 or UF4, dissolved in a molten CaCl2 and NaCl. Very pure uranium can be produced through the thermal decomposition of uranium halides on a hot filament.
Owners and operators of U.S. civilian nuclear power reactors purchased from U.S. and foreign suppliers a total of 21,300 tons of uranium deliveries during 2001. The average pr ...
See also:Uranium, Uranium - Notable characteristics, Uranium - Applications, Uranium - History, Uranium - Military applications, Uranium - Uranium exploration and mining, Uranium - Rise stagnation and possible renaissance of uranium mining, Uranium - Risks of uranium mining, Uranium - Codenames tuballoy and oralloy, Uranium - Compounds, Uranium - Occurrence, Uranium - Production and distribution, Uranium - Isotopes, Uranium - Precautions Read more here: » Uranium: Encyclopedia II - Uranium - Production and distribution |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Demographics The ethnology, folklore, institutions and history of the Pyrenean region form an interesting study: see Andorra; Aragon; Ariege; Basque Country; Béarn; Catalonia; Navarre; Roussillon.
For their history, see also Almogavars, Marca Hispanica.
...
See also:Pyrenees, Pyrenees - Geography, Pyrenees - Geology, Pyrenees - Landscape, Pyrenees - Natural resources, Pyrenees - Climate, Pyrenees - Flora and fauna, Pyrenees - Demographics, Pyrenees - Sports, Pyrenees - Ski resorts include, Pyrenees - Summits, Pyrenees - Highest summits, Pyrenees - The others above 3000 m, Pyrenees - Other famous summits below 3000 m, Pyrenees - External link and references Read more here: » Pyrenees: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Demographics |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Sports Both sides of the Pyrenees are popular spots for winters sports, like alpine skiing and mountaineering. Some resorts are Formigal, Panticosa, Baqueira-Beret. Pyrena is a mushing competition held in the Pyrenees.
In the summer and autumn, the Pyrenees are featured in two of the sport of cycling's grand tours, the Tour de France held annually in July and La Vuelta a España held in September. The stages held in the Pyrenees are often the defining moments of both tours, drawing hundreds of tho ...
See also:Pyrenees, Pyrenees - Geography, Pyrenees - Geology, Pyrenees - Landscape, Pyrenees - Natural resources, Pyrenees - Climate, Pyrenees - Flora and fauna, Pyrenees - Demographics, Pyrenees - Sports, Pyrenees - Ski resorts include, Pyrenees - Summits, Pyrenees - Highest summits, Pyrenees - The others above 3000 m, Pyrenees - Other famous summits below 3000 m, Pyrenees - External link and references Read more here: » Pyrenees: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Sports |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Flora and fauna A still more marked effect of the preponderance of rainfall in the western half of the chain is seen in the aspect of the vegetation. The lower mountains in the extreme west are very well wooded, but the extent of forest declines eastwards, and the eastern Pyrenees are peculiarly wild and barren, all the more since it is in this part of the chain that granitic masses prevail. There is a change, moreover, in the composition of the flora in passing from west to east. In the west the flora, at least in the north, resembles that of central Europ ...
See also:Pyrenees, Pyrenees - Geography, Pyrenees - Geology, Pyrenees - Landscape, Pyrenees - Natural resources, Pyrenees - Climate, Pyrenees - Flora and fauna, Pyrenees - Demographics, Pyrenees - Sports, Pyrenees - Ski resorts include, Pyrenees - Summits, Pyrenees - Highest summits, Pyrenees - The others above 3000 m, Pyrenees - Other famous summits below 3000 m, Pyrenees - External link and references Read more here: » Pyrenees: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Flora and fauna |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Natural resources The metallic ores of the Pyrenees are not in general of much importance, though there was considerable iron mines at Vie de Sos in Ariège and at the foot of Canigou in Pyrénées-Orientales. Coal deposits capable of being profitably worked are situated chiefly on the Spanish slopes but the French side has numerous beds of lignite. The open pitt if Trimoun (Ariège) is one of the greatest source of talc in Europe.
Mineral springs are abundant and very remarkable, and specially noteworthy are the hot springs, in which the Alps, on the ...
See also:Pyrenees, Pyrenees - Geography, Pyrenees - Geology, Pyrenees - Landscape, Pyrenees - Natural resources, Pyrenees - Climate, Pyrenees - Flora and fauna, Pyrenees - Demographics, Pyrenees - Sports, Pyrenees - Ski resorts include, Pyrenees - Summits, Pyrenees - Highest summits, Pyrenees - The others above 3000 m, Pyrenees - Other famous summits below 3000 m, Pyrenees - External link and references Read more here: » Pyrenees: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Natural resources |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Landscape Conspicuous features of Pyrenean scenery are:
the absence of great lakes, such as fill the lateral valleys of the Alps
the rarity and great elevation of passes
the large number of the mountain torrents locally called gaves, which often form lofty waterfalls, surpassed in Europe only by those of Scandinavia
the frequency with which the upper end of a valley assumes the form of a semicircle of precipitous cliffs, ...
See also:Pyrenees, Pyrenees - Geography, Pyrenees - Geology, Pyrenees - Landscape, Pyrenees - Natural resources, Pyrenees - Climate, Pyrenees - Flora and fauna, Pyrenees - Demographics, Pyrenees - Sports, Pyrenees - Ski resorts include, Pyrenees - Summits, Pyrenees - Highest summits, Pyrenees - The others above 3000 m, Pyrenees - Other famous summits below 3000 m, Pyrenees - External link and references Read more here: » Pyrenees: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Landscape |
| |
| | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Summits THe highest point of the Pyrenees is the Aneto (3,404 m), located on the Spanish side.
Pyrenees - Highest summits.
Aneto (3,404 m)
Posets (3,375 m)
Monte Perdido (3,355 m)
Pic Maudit (3,350 m)
Pic du Cylindre (3,328 m)
Pic de la Maladeta (3,308 m)
Vignemale (Pique Longue) (3,298 m)
Pyrenees - The others above 3000 m.
Clot de la Hount (3,289 m)
Pic du Marboré (3,248 m)
Pic de Cerbi ...
See also:Pyrenees, Pyrenees - Geography, Pyrenees - Geology, Pyrenees - Landscape, Pyrenees - Natural resources, Pyrenees - Climate, Pyrenees - Flora and fauna, Pyrenees - Demographics, Pyrenees - Sports, Pyrenees - Ski resorts include, Pyrenees - Summits, Pyrenees - Highest summits, Pyrenees - The others above 3000 m, Pyrenees - Other famous summits below 3000 m, Pyrenees - External link and references Read more here: » Pyrenees: Encyclopedia II - Pyrenees - Summits |
| |
| | | | | | ores: Encyclopedia II - Bashkortostan - Demographics About a hundred nationalities inhabit Bashkortostan, including Russians (39%), Tatars (28%), Bashkirs (22%), Chuvash, Mari, Ukrainians, and Germans.
Spoken languages: Russian (~100%), Tatar (~30%), Bashkir (~20%).
It is believed that during the census of 2002 some information was forged, especially the numbers of Tatars and Bashkirs.
Population: 4,104,336 (2002)
Urban: 2,626,613 (70.8%)
Rural: 1,477,723 (29.2%)
Male: 1,923,233 (46.9%)
Female: 2, ...
See also:Bashkortostan, Bashkortostan - Terminology, Bashkortostan - Geography, Bashkortostan - Time zone, Bashkortostan - Rivers, Bashkortostan - Lakes, Bashkortostan - Mountains, Bashkortostan - Natural resources, Bashkortostan - Climate, Bashkortostan - Administrative divisions, Bashkortostan - Demographics, Bashkortostan - Population development, Bashkortostan - History, Bashkortostan - Politics, Bashkortostan - Economy, Bashkortostan - Education, Bashkortostan - Culture, Bashkortostan - Tourism Read more here: » Bashkortostan: Encyclopedia II - Bashkortostan - Demographics |
| |
| | | | Top | Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 » Page 7 « Page 8 More » | |
| |
|
|
