Operation Goodwood

Throughout the rest of January 1945, Hohenstaufen was involved in a fighting withdrawal to the German border. At the end of the month, the division was transferred to the Kaufenheim-Mayen area to be refitted. At the end of February, the division was sent east to Hungary as a part of the reformed 6.SS-Panzerarmee under Sepp Dietrich. The division, along with the majority of the SS Panzer units available, was to take part in Operation Frühlingserwachen (Spring Awakening), the offensive near Lake Balaton aimed at ...

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9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Formation / Eastern Front, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Western Front - Normandy, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Arnhem, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Refitting and the Ardennes Offensive, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Hungary - Operation Frühlingserwachen, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Commanders, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Order of Battle

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After the battle of Arnhem, Hohenstaufen moved to Paderborn for a much-needed rest and refit. On 12 December 1944, the division moved south to the Munstereifel. It was to act as a reserve for Sepp Dietrich's 6.Panzerarmee, a part of the Ardennes offensive (Operation Wacht Am Rhein). 6.Panzerarmee was tasked with attacking in the north, along the line St. Vith - Vielsalm. Initially, only the divisional reconnaissance and a ...

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9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Formation / Eastern Front, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Western Front - Normandy, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Arnhem, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Refitting and the Ardennes Offensive, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Hungary - Operation Frühlingserwachen, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Commanders, 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Order of Battle

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In the immediate aftermath of the First World War, Britain faced serious economic woes and heavy defence cuts were consequently imposed by the British Government in the early 1920s as part of a reduction in public expenditure known as the "Geddes Axe" after Sir Eric Geddes. The Government introduced the Ten-Year Rule, stating its belief that Britain would not be involved in another major war for 10-years, and was abandoned in 1932. The Royal Tank Corps was the only corps formed in WWI that survived the cuts; the cavalry had sixteen regiments ...

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History of the British Army, History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774, History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854, History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - The Great War 1914-18, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Equipment, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Inter-War Period 1919-1939, History of the British Army - World War II 1939-1945, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - End of Empire and Cold War 1945-1990, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Terminology, History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

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History of the British Army - Organisation. Due to the Indian Mutiny (1857-58), the Army was extremely overstretched, to such an extent that Canadian volunteers raised a regiment for the British Army for serve in India, titled the 100th (or Prince of Wales's Royal Canadians) Regiment of Foot; it did not, however, see service there. In the aftermath of the Mutiny, control of India was transferred from the East India Company to the Crown. The so-called 'European' regiments of the East India Company were transferred ...

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History of the British Army, History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774, History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854, History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - The Great War 1914-18, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Equipment, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Inter-War Period 1919-1939, History of the British Army - World War II 1939-1945, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - End of Empire and Cold War 1945-1990, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Terminology, History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

Read more here: » History of the British Army: Encyclopedia II - History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914

History of the British Army - Organisation. The United Nations (UN) was formed on 24 October 1945, with Britain one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council. Britain still saw itself as a global power, despite it having been eclipsed by the two superpowers -- the USA and Soviet Union -- and the efforts by many colonies of the Empire to gain independence. Another global organisation, known as the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), was established on 4 April 1949 with Britain one of its founding ...

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History of the British Army, History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774, History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854, History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - The Great War 1914-18, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Equipment, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Inter-War Period 1919-1939, History of the British Army - World War II 1939-1945, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - End of Empire and Cold War 1945-1990, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Terminology, History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

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History of the British Army - Organisation. The collapse of the Soviet Union, ending the Cold War, saw a new defence white paper, Options for Change produced. This saw inevitable reductions in the British armed forces. The Army experienced a substantial cut in its manpower (reduced to about 120,000), which included the usual regimental amalgamations, including two of the large regiments of the 1960s -- the Queen's Regiment and Royal Irish Rangers -- and the third battalions of the remaining large regiments being ...

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History of the British Army, History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774, History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854, History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - The Great War 1914-18, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Equipment, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Inter-War Period 1919-1939, History of the British Army - World War II 1939-1945, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - End of Empire and Cold War 1945-1990, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Terminology, History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

Read more here: » History of the British Army: Encyclopedia II - History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present

The order of battle was approximately as follows, east to west: British 6th Airborne Division, comprising 8th and 9th Parachute Battalions of 3rd Parachute Brigade and the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion, airlifted and delivered by parachute and glider to the east of the River Orne to protect the left flank. 1 Special Service Brigade comprising No.3, No.4, No.6 and No.45(RM) Commandos landed at Ouistreham in Queen Red sector (leftmost). No.4 Commando were augmented by 1 Troop and 8 Troop (both French) of No.10 ( ...

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Battle of Normandy, Battle of Normandy - Prelude, Battle of Normandy - Allied preparations, Battle of Normandy - German preparations, Battle of Normandy - The Allied invasion plan, Battle of Normandy - German defenses, Battle of Normandy - The landings, Battle of Normandy - The French Resistance, Battle of Normandy - Airborne landings, Battle of Normandy - Sword Beach, Battle of Normandy - Juno Beach, Battle of Normandy - Gold Beach, Battle of Normandy - Omaha Beach, Battle of Normandy - Pointe du Hoc, Battle of Normandy - Utah Beach, Battle of Normandy - After the landings, Battle of Normandy - Chronology, Battle of Normandy - Political considerations, Battle of Normandy - Aftermath and strategic appraisal, Battle of Normandy - Notes, Battle of Normandy - Documentaries, Battle of Normandy - Dramatizations, Battle of Normandy - Sources, Battle of Normandy - Bibliography

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The British army has mixed extreme conservatism, 'penny-pinching', and extraordinarily exacting standards in its rifles. For example the move to percussion-caps was not made until 1842, while an 1866 trial examined 104 weapons and declined to award a first prize, or that the specifications for a SLR in the 1930s were so stiff "it is doubtful if any... rifle of the present day could meet it in its entirety." Changes were usually forced on the Army as a result of conflict or the actions of other armies. Note the rapid pace of change in ...

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History of the British Army, History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774, History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854, History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - The Great War 1914-18, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Equipment, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Inter-War Period 1919-1939, History of the British Army - World War II 1939-1945, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - End of Empire and Cold War 1945-1990, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Terminology, History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

Read more here: » History of the British Army: Encyclopedia II - History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

Montgomery was born in London in 1887. After graduating from St Paul's School and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, he joined the 1st Battalion, The Royal Warwickshire Regiment in 1908, first seeing service in India. The First World War began in August 1914 and he moved to France with his regiment that month. He saw service during the retreat from Mons and was severely wounded during the First Battle of Ypres on 13 October 1914 while taking part in an attack against the German-held village of Meteren. He was awarded the DSO for his actio ...

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Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein - Early life and World War I service, Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein - World War II, Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein - North Africa and Italy, Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein - Normandy, Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein - Removal as Ground Forces Commander, Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein - Later life and controversy, Bernard Law Montgomery 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein - Quotations

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The American War of Independence began in 1775 when the Thirteen Colonies rose up against British rule. Many Americans, however, sought to remain with the British Empire and duly fought for the British, and were known as Loyalists. Five American units were placed on the regular establishment, known as the American Establishment (formed in 1779) though there were many other Loyalist units. Upon the independence of America and the end of the war in 1783, many of the Loyalist forces fled north to Canada, where many subsequently served with the ...

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History of the British Army, History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774, History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854, History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - The Great War 1914-18, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Equipment, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Inter-War Period 1919-1939, History of the British Army - World War II 1939-1945, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - End of Empire and Cold War 1945-1990, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Terminology, History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

Read more here: » History of the British Army: Encyclopedia II - History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854

To the North, Montgomery launched a new offensive to the south of Caen at the same time, with the Canadians and the Poles of General Maczek's 1st Armored Division launched a drive south towards Falaise on August 9 (Operation Totalize). Although under air attack by day, the German forces were still able to cause serious damage, as they did on August 10 when the Canadians lost 40 men at "Hill 111" near Estrées-la-Campagne. They also put up fierce resistance against the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division in the woods north of Falaise on August 16. ...

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Falaise pocket, Falaise pocket - Prelude, Falaise pocket - South, Falaise pocket - North, Falaise pocket - Inside the pocket, Falaise pocket - The aftermath, Falaise pocket - External link

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Headed by General Leclerc's French 2nd Armored Division, which had taken Le Mans on August 9, the American XV Corps received orders on August 10 to move rapidly north. On August 12 it entered Alençon, then moved on to Ecouché and finally Argentan on August 14, 22 km south of Falaise, where they were ordered to halt by Bradley (a decision supported by Eisenhower) for fear of running into the Canadians to the north—the rapid changes in troop locations were causing confusion in the Allied communication lines. The halt in the northward advan ...

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Falaise pocket, Falaise pocket - Prelude, Falaise pocket - South, Falaise pocket - North, Falaise pocket - Inside the pocket, Falaise pocket - The aftermath, Falaise pocket - External link

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Prior to the English Civil War in 1642, there was no standing army in England or Scotland. Men were raised by the King when required, a development of the feudal concept of fief (in which a lord was obliged to raise a certain quota of knights, men-at-arms and yeomanry under greater control of the King). After the Civil War and establishment of a Republic, parliament assumed control of the Army, and standing companies based on Cromwell's New Model Army formed the concept of the first regiments. The Restoration of Charles II saw the Model Army ...

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History of the British Army, History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774, History of the British Army - American Revolution Napoleonic Wars and the Long Peace 1774-1854, History of the British Army - Crimea Mutiny Colonial Wars & the Cardwell-Childers reforms 1854-1914, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - The Great War 1914-18, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Equipment, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Inter-War Period 1919-1939, History of the British Army - World War II 1939-1945, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - End of Empire and Cold War 1945-1990, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Age of Mobility 1990-present, History of the British Army - Organisation, History of the British Army - Operations, History of the British Army - Terminology, History of the British Army - Official rifle of the Army 1722-2005

Read more here: » History of the British Army: Encyclopedia II - History of the British Army - Origins 1661-1774

Under the combined pressure of the Americans and French to the south, the British to the west, and the Canadians and Poles to the north, by August 10 the Germans were aware of the danger, although Hitler was demanding an immediate counter-attack on Avranches rather than a deliberate withdrawal. On August 15, Hitler replaced Field Marshall von Kluge with Model. The following day, with the remaining 150,000 troops of the German Seventh Army and Fifth Panzer Army almost encircled, Hitler finally ordered a general withdrawal of troops towards th ...

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Falaise pocket, Falaise pocket - Prelude, Falaise pocket - South, Falaise pocket - North, Falaise pocket - Inside the pocket, Falaise pocket - The aftermath, Falaise pocket - External link

Read more here: » Falaise pocket: Encyclopedia II - Falaise pocket - Inside the pocket

This list is very off, see Here for the official website's listing. Forgotten Hope - America. Colt 1911 (DICE) M1 Garand (DICE) M1 Carbine Springfield M1903 M3 Grease Gun Thompson (DICE) Browning Automatic Rifle Browning M1919(.30 cal mg) M2 machine gun(.50 cal mg) Bazooka (DICE) Winchester M12 Forgotten Hope - Britain. Enfield Revolver Lee-Enfield Sten Thompson Bren

Although perhaps 100,000 German troops succeeded in escaping the allies due to the delay in closing the gap, they left behind 150,000 prisoners and wounded, over 10,000 dead, and the road practically impassable due to destroyed vehicles and bodies. The Canadians also suffered heavy losses, with over 18,000 dead or wounded. The failure to capture greater numbers of German troops was questioned by some commanders and postwar writers. The formation and reduction of the pocket was a great Allied success; there was however a sense, even as the pocket clos ...

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Falaise pocket, Falaise pocket - Prelude, Falaise pocket - South, Falaise pocket - North, Falaise pocket - Inside the pocket, Falaise pocket - The aftermath, Falaise pocket - External link

Read more here: » Falaise pocket: Encyclopedia II - Falaise pocket - The aftermath

This list is very off, see Here for the official website's listing. Forgotten Hope - America. TBD Devastator TBF Avenger C-47 B-25 P-40 The Aluetian Tiger The Flying Tiger P-47 The HunHunter Miss Behave F4F Wildcat M8 Greyhound M4 Sherman (redone for .67) Forgotten Hope - Britain. Aircraft Hawker Hurricane See also:

Forgotten Hope, Forgotten Hope - Public Release History, Forgotten Hope - Maps, Forgotten Hope - 1939, Forgotten Hope - 1940, Forgotten Hope - 1941, Forgotten Hope - 1942, Forgotten Hope - 1943, Forgotten Hope - 1944, Forgotten Hope - 1945, Forgotten Hope - Fictional Maps, Forgotten Hope - Old Version Maps, Forgotten Hope - Vehicles & Aircraft, Forgotten Hope - America, Forgotten Hope - Britain, Forgotten Hope - France, Forgotten Hope - Italy, Forgotten Hope - Japan, Forgotten Hope - USSR, Forgotten Hope - Germany, Forgotten Hope - Poland, Forgotten Hope - Finland, Forgotten Hope - Canada, Forgotten Hope - Australia, Forgotten Hope - Weapons, Forgotten Hope - America, Forgotten Hope - Britain, Forgotten Hope - France, Forgotten Hope - Germany, Forgotten Hope - Italy, Forgotten Hope - Japan, Forgotten Hope - USSR, Forgotten Hope - Finland, Forgotten Hope - Canada, Forgotten Hope - Poland, Forgotten Hope - Australia

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Goodwood yielded some terrain gain as the bridgehead over the Orne was expanded; in a few areas the depth of penetration was 12,000 yards, but much of the gain was lateral, southward across the British front rather than eastwards into the depth of the German position. Goodwood was launched at a time of high frustration in the upper command levels of the Allies in Normandy, and this contributed to the controversy surrounding the operation. The Allied bridgehead in Normandy was not expanding at the pace expected, and there was some fear ...

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Operation Goodwood, Operation Goodwood - Background, Operation Goodwood - Planning, Operation Goodwood - Execution, Operation Goodwood - Effects

Read more here: » Operation Goodwood: Encyclopedia II - Operation Goodwood - Effects

After the early successes of the Battle of Normandy the Allied advance had come very nearly to a halt by early July. The key town of Caen was not taken on the first day as planned and over a month later it was still in German hands. Pre-invasion planning had proposed taking Caen and holding a front east of the Orne river as the pivot point of the Allied advance. Possession of Caen would give the British Second Army a strong piece of defensive terrain and would provide several bridges over the Orne river and Caen Canal. Also, the Colombelles ...

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Operation Goodwood, Operation Goodwood - Background, Operation Goodwood - Planning, Operation Goodwood - Execution, Operation Goodwood - Effects

Read more here: » Operation Goodwood: Encyclopedia II - Operation Goodwood - Background

Preparatory fire support was provided spectacularly by almost 1,000 heavy and medium bombers dropping over 15,000 bombs. The German positions to the east of Caen were carpet-bombed and many of the villages were reduced to rubble, disrupting the German defenses. The shock value of the intense, short bombardment was high. However, the German artillery on the Bourgebus ridge, Cagny, and Emieville was not hit by any of the air or artillery prep fire. These sites had clear fields of fire into the path of the British advance. Engineers of the 51st Highland Division cleared 17 one-tank-wide gaps in their ...

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Operation Goodwood, Operation Goodwood - Background, Operation Goodwood - Planning, Operation Goodwood - Execution, Operation Goodwood - Effects

Read more here: » Operation Goodwood: Encyclopedia II - Operation Goodwood - Execution