The French Salon in the 19th century recommended the use of Conté crayons, which are sticks of wax, oil and pigment, combined with specially formulated paper. Erasure was not permitted; instead, the artist is expected to describe the figure in light strokes before making darker, more visible marks. A popular modern technique is the use of a charcoal stick, prepared from special vines, and a rougher form of paper. The charcoal adheres loosely to the paper, allowing very easy erasure, but the final drawing can be preserved using a spray-on "fixative" to keep the charcoal from rubbing off. Harder compressed charcoal can produ ...

See also:

Figure drawing, Figure drawing - Approaches, Figure drawing - Media, Figure drawing - Studio instruction

Read more here: » Figure drawing: Encyclopedia II - Figure drawing - Media

Critics look down on the fact that PETA has financially contributed to so-called "eco-terrorist" groups such as the Animal Liberation Front and the Earth Liberation Front (ELF). [27] Critics also point to a statement from Alex Pacheco, one of PETA's founders, that "arson, property destruction, burglary, and theft are acceptable crimes when used for the animal cause" [28] as a reason that PETA should lose its status as a non-profit organization. [29] Part of the reasoning behind their concern is the degree of financial support given by ...

See also:

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - PETA's philosophy, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - History, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Campaigns, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Criticism of PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - South Park with PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Alleged targeting of vulnerable groups, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Support of extremists and terrorists, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Response to a suicide bombing, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Use of nudity, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Animal cruelty and euthanasia, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - List of famous members and supporters

Read more here: » People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals: Encyclopedia II - People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Criticism of PETA

Much of the criticism of video games from outside the video game community originates from religious sources, often in similar response to claims of violence, crime, sexuality, nudity, rebelliousness, materialism, occultism, and unflattering references to religion in these games. Some gamers oppose their parents' church for these reasons. Such references to religion found in games are often criticized by religious groups of specific denominations. Games such as Xenogears, Final Fantasy Tactics, Tales of Symphonia ...

See also:

Video game controversy, Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism, Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism of sexuality and nudity in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism related to children's social development, Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations, Video game controversy - Criticisms of alleged dishonouring, Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself, Video game controversy - Non-critical points of view, Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world, Video game controversy - United States, Video game controversy - Australia, Video game controversy - Canada, Video game controversy - China, Video game controversy - Germany, Video game controversy - Japan, Video game controversy - United Kingdom, Video game controversy - Elsewhere, Video game controversy - Typical criticism from within the industry, Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games, Video game controversy - Notable controversial video games, Video game controversy - Video game rating systems, Video game controversy - Video game censorship around the world

Read more here: » Video game controversy: Encyclopedia II - Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations

Artists take a variety of approaches to drawing the human figure. They may draw from live models, from photographs or other reference material, or from memory and imagination. Most instruction focuses on the use of models in "life drawing" courses. The use of photographic reference - although common since the development of photography - is often criticized or discouraged by experts. They argue that the inability to see the figure in three dimensions results in "flat" images that fail to capture the dynamic aspects of the subject. Drawing fr ...

See also:

Figure drawing, Figure drawing - Approaches, Figure drawing - Media, Figure drawing - Studio instruction

Read more here: » Figure drawing: Encyclopedia II - Figure drawing - Approaches

PETA is well known for its aggressive media campaigns, public demonstrations, and attacks on large corporations for their alleged mistreatment of animals. In 2003, PETA received media attention for its boycott of Kentucky Fried Chicken. PETCO and Procter & Gamble are other examples of companies PETA says are exploiting animals for profit. According to PETA, PETCO confines animals in filthy enclosures, where they are commonly left to die, and Procter & Gamble tests its products on animals. On April 12, 2005, PETA announced it had ended its boycott against PETCO, in pa ...

See also:

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - PETA's philosophy, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - History, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Campaigns, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Criticism of PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - South Park with PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Alleged targeting of vulnerable groups, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Support of extremists and terrorists, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Response to a suicide bombing, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Use of nudity, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Animal cruelty and euthanasia, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - List of famous members and supporters

Read more here: » People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals: Encyclopedia II - People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals - Campaigns

Skyclad

A pagan term for nudity during rituals.

(See also: Skyclad, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

MySpace - Previous usage of the MySpace.com domain. Prior to the creation of the current social networking website, the MySpace.com domain name was registered to an online storage and file sharing firm. Registration was free and users were able to obtain a small disk quota which would gradually increase if they referred new members to the site. Due to slow service and a lack of revenue, the site shut down in 2001 [2]. MyS ...

See also:

MySpace, MySpace - History, MySpace - Previous usage of the MySpace.com domain, MySpace - Ownership of MySpace, MySpace - MySpace culture, MySpace - Criticism and problems, MySpace - Downtime and slow running, MySpace - Customization, MySpace - User directory searches, MySpace - Security and spyware issues, MySpace - Bullying, MySpace - Nudity, MySpace - Groups, MySpace - Networking, MySpace - Celebrations

Read more here: » MySpace: Encyclopedia II - MySpace - History

hfgmxmxhmhmxmxb In 1976, Death Race became one of the first controversial video games; based on the film Death Race 2000, it allowed players to drive around in a car, in order to run down "gremlins." However, many players and critics inferred that the game actually simulated vehicular homicide—particularly considering that the game's original title was Pedestrian. Its implied violence was immediately decried. Criticism waned in the early 1980s when less representational, more kid-friendly games, such as < ...

See also:

Video game controversy, Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism, Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism of sexuality and nudity in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism related to children's social development, Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations, Video game controversy - Criticisms of alleged dishonouring, Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself, Video game controversy - Non-critical points of view, Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world, Video game controversy - United States, Video game controversy - Australia, Video game controversy - Canada, Video game controversy - China, Video game controversy - Germany, Video game controversy - Japan, Video game controversy - United Kingdom, Video game controversy - Elsewhere, Video game controversy - Typical criticism from within the industry, Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games, Video game controversy - Notable controversial video games, Video game controversy - Video game rating systems, Video game controversy - Video game censorship around the world

Read more here: » Video game controversy: Encyclopedia II - Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism

Nudists believe that the human body is not inherently shameful, being something that we all possess and ought to cherish. The foundation for this point of view has its modern origins in a series of philosophical papers published in Germany in the early 1900's that examine the negative psychological impact of self-hate of the body based upon both religious and overly negative community views. The basic position that the human body in and of itself was neither sinful or obscene was combined with a new philosophy to create the nudist movement. ...

See also:

Nudism, Nudism - General, Nudism - Association with sex, Nudism - Manners, Nudism - Naturist terminology, Nudism - History of nudism, Nudism - Major nudist organizations, Nudism - Public outdoor nudist areas

Read more here: » Nudism: Encyclopedia II - Nudism - General

A black belt in karate[1], Van Damme was first seen on screen in the 1984 movie Monaco Forever. But, his first major role came in 1985, when he played Ivan Krushensky in No Retreat, No Surrender, which also starred Kurt McKinney. He was scheduled to play the part of the camouflaged monster in Predator. Wearing a heavy costume in the jungle was rough and Van Damme was unhappy with his role. How he left the picture is disputed: some say he quit, others say he was replaced when the character was revised. Van Damme claims he ...

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Jean Claude Van Damme, Jean Claude Van Damme - Timeline, Jean Claude Van Damme - On Screen Nudity, Jean Claude Van Damme - An abstract thinker, Jean Claude Van Damme - Marriage history, Jean Claude Van Damme - Salary, Jean Claude Van Damme - Filmography

Read more here: » Jean Claude Van Damme: Encyclopedia II - Jean Claude Van Damme - Timeline

A black belt in karate[1], Van Damme was first seen on screen in the 1984 movie Monaco Forever. His first major role came in 1985, when he played Ivan Krushensky in No Retreat, No Surrender, which also starred Kurt McKinney. He was scheduled to play the part of the camouflaged extraterrestrial monster in the Arnold Schwarzenegger action film Predator, but wearing the heavy alien costume in the jungle was too difficult, and Van Damme, unhappy with his role, left the production. How he left the picture is disputed: some sa ...

See also:

Jean Claude Van Damme, Jean Claude Van Damme - Timeline, Jean Claude Van Damme - On Screen Nudity, Jean Claude Van Damme - An abstract thinker, Jean Claude Van Damme - Marriage history, Jean Claude Van Damme - Salary, Jean Claude Van Damme - Filmography

Read more here: » Jean Claude Van Damme: Encyclopedia II - Jean Claude Van Damme - Timeline

Nudists will wear clothes if the weather demands it. Naturists generally consider themselves to be accepting people, the general idea being simply doing things nude that one would normally do clothed. However, the traditional nudist culture has its own rules of etiquette. Some Nudists consider it essential to sit on a towel whenever sitting on a chair, bench, or anything else where others might sit, and they consider it very poor etiquette to do otherwise. Likewise, sitting on someone else's towel is also a breach of etiquette. For pr ...

See also:

Nudism, Nudism - General, Nudism - Association with sex, Nudism - Manners, Nudism - Naturist terminology, Nudism - History of nudism, Nudism - Major nudist organizations, Nudism - Public outdoor nudist areas

Read more here: » Nudism: Encyclopedia II - Nudism - Manners

MySpace - Previous usage of the MySpace.com domain. Prior to the creation of the current social networking website, the MySpace.com domain name was registered to an online storage and file sharing firm. Registration was free and users were able to obtain a small disk quota which would gradually increase if they referred new members to the site. Due to slow service and a lack of revenue, the site shut down in 2001 [2]. MyS ...

See also:

MySpace, MySpace - History, MySpace - Previous usage of the MySpace.com domain, MySpace - Ownership of MySpace, MySpace - MySpace culture, MySpace - The MySpace Song, MySpace - Criticism and problems, MySpace - Downtime and slow running, MySpace - Customization, MySpace - User directory searches, MySpace - Security and spyware issues, MySpace - Bullying, MySpace - Nudity, MySpace - Groups, MySpace - Networking, MySpace - Celebrations

Read more here: » MySpace: Encyclopedia II - MySpace - History

Due to the extreme popularity of the website, it has been suggested that a unique culture, mostly within the alternative scene, is developing within the MySpace network. It appeals to young adults, and because of the interactivity between users, many people also discover new groups of people or bands by looking through other people's profiles and their lists of friends and contacts. Additionally, the easy communication and built-in focus on pictures has helped MySpace become a haven for the creation of new trends and the dissemination of current ones. < ...

See also:

MySpace, MySpace - History, MySpace - Previous usage of the MySpace.com domain, MySpace - Ownership of MySpace, MySpace - MySpace culture, MySpace - The MySpace Song, MySpace - Criticism and problems, MySpace - Downtime and slow running, MySpace - Customization, MySpace - User directory searches, MySpace - Security and spyware issues, MySpace - Bullying, MySpace - Nudity, MySpace - Groups, MySpace - Networking, MySpace - Celebrations

Read more here: » MySpace: Encyclopedia II - MySpace - MySpace culture

In the anatomy of mammals, a nipple or mammary papilla is a small projection of skin containing the outlets for 15-20 lactiferous ducts arranged cylindrically around the tip. The physiological purpose of nipples is to deliver milk produced in the female mammary glands during lactation to the infant. In the male, nipples are often not considered functional with regard to breastfeeding, although male lactation is possible. Mammalian infants have a rooting instinct for seeking the nipple, and a sucking ...

See also:

Nipple, Nipple - Anatomy, Nipple - Male nipples

Read more here: » Nipple: Encyclopedia II - Nipple - Anatomy

Sometimes there has been criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself by non gamers. This primarily is focused towards RPG's, especially MMORPGs, whose level grinding gameplay critics feel causes obsession or addiction. Another criticized aspect of RPG's is the immersion factor, or virtual reality, which is seen by critics as escapist. Finally, as most RPG leveling mechanics allow for getting stronger by repetitive fighting of weaker enemies for a long time, ...

See also:

Video game controversy, Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism, Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism of sexuality and nudity in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism related to children's social development, Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations, Video game controversy - Criticisms of alleged dishonouring, Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself, Video game controversy - Non-critical points of view, Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world, Video game controversy - United States, Video game controversy - Australia, Video game controversy - Canada, Video game controversy - China, Video game controversy - Germany, Video game controversy - Japan, Video game controversy - United Kingdom, Video game controversy - Elsewhere, Video game controversy - Typical criticism from within the industry, Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games, Video game controversy - Notable controversial video games, Video game controversy - Video game rating systems, Video game controversy - Video game censorship around the world

Read more here: » Video game controversy: Encyclopedia II - Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself

Critics of movies, television, and books as a group look down on video games as an inferior form of entertainment. Most criticism of video games from within the gaming community also relates to quality. This is probably because of the observation that most video games have a linear story structure with very little plot and even less character development, which may or may not be true. A frequent counterargument is that this is like complaining that a game of football does not contain much plot or character development, and that although vide ...

See also:

Video game controversy, Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism, Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism of sexuality and nudity in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism related to children's social development, Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations, Video game controversy - Criticisms of alleged dishonouring, Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself, Video game controversy - Non-critical points of view, Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world, Video game controversy - United States, Video game controversy - Australia, Video game controversy - Canada, Video game controversy - China, Video game controversy - Germany, Video game controversy - Japan, Video game controversy - United Kingdom, Video game controversy - Elsewhere, Video game controversy - Typical criticism from within the industry, Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games, Video game controversy - Notable controversial video games, Video game controversy - Video game rating systems, Video game controversy - Video game censorship around the world

Read more here: » Video game controversy: Encyclopedia II - Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games

Skyclad: A term used by Wiccans to indicate ritual nudity.

(See also: Skyclad, Magic, Shamanism, Paganism, Wicca)

For centuries many men, such as farmers and miners, worked bare chested. This was, and is, particularly true in hot climates. During the Victorian period, nudity or partial nudity such as being bare chested was seen as wrong, and people took great pains to cover themselves up. During the 20th Century, attitudes began to relax, and going bare chested in public was no longer seen as shocking. Originally men were bare chested only at the beach, swimming pools, etc. In New York City, removing one's shirt in Central Park was an occasion for a tic ...

See also:

Toplessness, Toplessness - Attitudes to bare chesters, Toplessness - Going bare chested, Toplessness - Famous bare chesters, Toplessness - Fictional bare chesters

Read more here: » Toplessness: Encyclopedia II - Toplessness - Attitudes to bare chesters

In 1976, Death Race became one of the first controversial video games; based on the film Death Race 2000, it allowed players to drive around in a car, in order to run down "gremlins." However, many players and critics inferred that the game actually simulated vehicular homicide—particularly considering that the game's original title was Pedestrian. Its implied violence was immediately decried. Criticism waned in the early 1980s when less representational, more kid-friendly games, such as Pac-Man and Do ...

See also:

Video game controversy, Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism, Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism of sexuality and nudity in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism related to children's social development, Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations, Video game controversy - Criticisms of alleged dishonouring, Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself, Video game controversy - Non-critical points of view, Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world, Video game controversy - United States, Video game controversy - Australia, Video game controversy - Canada, Video game controversy - China, Video game controversy - Germany, Video game controversy - Japan, Video game controversy - United Kingdom, Video game controversy - Elsewhere, Video game controversy - Typical criticism from within the industry, Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games, Video game controversy - Notable controversial video games, Video game controversy - Video game rating systems, Video game controversy - Video game censorship around the world

Read more here: » Video game controversy: Encyclopedia II - Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism

Video and computer games are periodically criticized in the media by some parents' groups, psychologists, religious organizations, or politicians for the level of violence, cruelty, and crime that some games allow players to act out, and often glorify. Examples are trivial to find, including Mortal Kombat and its sequels, a series of fighting games by Midway. Since 1992 the series has rewarded players for beating up an opponent with martial arts moves, and then for executing ...

See also:

Video game controversy, Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism, Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism of sexuality and nudity in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism related to children's social development, Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations, Video game controversy - Criticisms of alleged dishonouring, Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself, Video game controversy - Non-critical points of view, Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world, Video game controversy - United States, Video game controversy - Australia, Video game controversy - Canada, Video game controversy - China, Video game controversy - Germany, Video game controversy - Japan, Video game controversy - United Kingdom, Video game controversy - Elsewhere, Video game controversy - Typical criticism from within the industry, Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games, Video game controversy - Notable controversial video games, Video game controversy - Video game rating systems, Video game controversy - Video game censorship around the world

Read more here: » Video game controversy: Encyclopedia II - Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games

Video game controversy - United States. In the United States, the ESRB ratings system was established in 1994 as the video game equivalent to the MPAA film rating system. The ESRB was created as an industry response to criticism from politicians, notably Senator Joe Lieberman, over the easy availability of violent video games such as Mortal Kombat to children, and over the resulting alleged corruption of public morality. At the time, some politicians who lent their voice to this cause threatened legislatio ...

See also:

Video game controversy, Video game controversy - A brief history of notable criticism, Video game controversy - Criticism of violence and crime in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism of sexuality and nudity in video games, Video game controversy - Criticism related to children's social development, Video game controversy - Criticism from religious organizations, Video game controversy - Criticisms of alleged dishonouring, Video game controversy - Criticisms of the gameplay in and of itself, Video game controversy - Non-critical points of view, Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world, Video game controversy - United States, Video game controversy - Australia, Video game controversy - Canada, Video game controversy - China, Video game controversy - Germany, Video game controversy - Japan, Video game controversy - United Kingdom, Video game controversy - Elsewhere, Video game controversy - Typical criticism from within the industry, Video game controversy - Uninteresting and uncreative games, Video game controversy - Notable controversial video games, Video game controversy - Video game rating systems, Video game controversy - Video game censorship around the world

Read more here: » Video game controversy: Encyclopedia II - Video game controversy - Video game legislation around the world