Northwest Indian War

A 1634 Dutch expedition from Fort Orange to the Mohawk settlements in the west was led by a surgeon named Harmen van den Bogaert. At the time of the expedition there were only 8 villages - from east to west: Onekahoncka, Canowarode, Schatsyerosy, Canagere, Schanidisse, Osquage, Cawaoge, and Tenotoge. All villages were on the south side of the river, between present-day Fonda and Fort Plain. The first (Onekahoncka) being situated on the south side of the Mohawk River where it meets the Cayadutta Creek, and the last being on the south side of t ...

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Mohawk nation, Mohawk nation - Mohawk history, Mohawk nation - Mohawk Communities Today

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Northwest Ordinance - Abolition of state claims. The passage of the ordinance forced the relinquishing of all such claims by the states over the territory, which was to be administered directly by Congress, with the intent of eventual admission of newly-created states from the territory. The legislation was revolutionary in that it established the precedent for lands to be administered by the central government, albeit temporarily, rather than underneath the jurisdiction of particular states. See also: State cessions See also:

Northwest Ordinance, Northwest Ordinance - History, Northwest Ordinance - Effects of the legislation, Northwest Ordinance - Abolition of state claims, Northwest Ordinance - Admission of new states, Northwest Ordinance - Establishment of territorial government, Northwest Ordinance - Establishment of civil rights, Northwest Ordinance - Prohibition of slavery, Northwest Ordinance - Definition of the Midwest as a region, Northwest Ordinance - Effects on Native Americans

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Shawnee - Origins. It is suspected that the Shawnee, like other Algonquian speaking tribes, originated from the area around Lake Winnipeg and were one of the first tribes to move South. Supposedly this migration was parallel to the one of the Delaware and Nanticoke during the 13th Century. Eventually the Shawnee people settled into the area that is now known as their homeland-- southern Ohio and northern Kentucky. Shawn ...

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Shawnee, Shawnee - History, Shawnee - Origins, Shawnee - The White Colonization, Shawnee - After the War, Shawnee - Tribes, Shawnee - Shawnees Today, Shawnee - Villages and Places, Shawnee - Language, Shawnee - Famous Shawnee Individuals

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As of the census2 of 2000, there are 17,954 people, 7,041 households, and 5,041 families residing in the county. The population density is 18/km² (45/mi²). There are 7,692 housing units at an average density of 8/km² (19/mi²). The racial makeup of the county is 98.71% White, 0.11% Black or African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.28% from other races, and 0.52% from two or more races. 1.0 ...

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Fountain County Indiana, Fountain County Indiana - Geography, Fountain County Indiana - Adjacent counties, Fountain County Indiana - History, Fountain County Indiana - Demographics, Fountain County Indiana - Cities and towns

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Indian Wars - American Revolutionary War. Main article: Frontier warfare during the American Revolution The American Revolutionary War was essentially two parallel wars: while the war in the East was a struggle against British rule, the war in the West was an "Indian War". The newly proclaimed United States competed with the British for the allegiance of Native American nations east of the Mississippi River. Most Native Americans who joined the struggle sided with the British, hoping to ...

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Indian Wars, Indian Wars - Overview, Indian Wars - Colonial era 1622–1775, Indian Wars - East of the Mississippi 1775–1842, Indian Wars - American Revolutionary War, Indian Wars - Northwest Indian War, Indian Wars - Tecumseh the Creek War and the War of 1812, Indian Wars - Wars of removal, Indian Wars - West of the Mississippi 1861–1890, Indian Wars - Wars of the West timeline, Indian Wars - Notes

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George Washington was elected unanimously by the Electoral College in 1789, and remains the only person ever to be elected president unanimously (a feat which he duplicated in 1792). As runner-up with 34 votes, John Adams became Vice President-elect. The First U.S. Congress voted to pay Washington a salary of $25,000 a year—a significant sum in 1789. Washington was perhaps the wealthiest American at the time; his western lands were potentially valuable--but no one lived on them as yet. He declined his salary. It was part of his self-struct ...

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George Washington, George Washington - Early life, George Washington - American Revolution: 1774-1783, George Washington - Home in Virginia 1783-1787, George Washington - Presidency: 1789-1797, George Washington - Cabinet, George Washington - Supreme Court appointments, George Washington - Major presidential acts, George Washington - States admitted to the Union, George Washington - Retirement and death, George Washington - After his death, George Washington - Monuments and memorials, George Washington - Summary of military career, George Washington - Personal information, George Washington - Washington and slavery, George Washington - Religious beliefs, George Washington - Trivia, George Washington - Notes

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During the 18th century, the French set up a system of trading posts to control the fur trade in the region. Christopher Gist was one of the first English-speaking explorers to travel through and write about the Ohio Country. When British traders such as George Croghan started to do business in the Ohio Country, the French and their northern Indian allies drove them out, beginning with a raid on Miami Indian town of Pickawillany (modern Piqua, Ohio) in 1752. The French began the military occupation of the Ohio valley in 1753, and an attempt ...

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History of Ohio, History of Ohio - Early history, History of Ohio - Mound builders, History of Ohio - Early historic natives, History of Ohio - European colonization, History of Ohio - Pontiac's Rebellion and the American Revolution, History of Ohio - Northwest Ordinance and Territory, History of Ohio - Statehood, History of Ohio - War of 1812, History of Ohio - Civil War, History of Ohio - Industrialization, History of Ohio - Natural resources, History of Ohio - 1900's, History of Ohio - Constitutional Convention of 1912, History of Ohio - 2000's

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On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was incorporated with a population of 350. The first boundaries of the new town were Kinzie, Desplaines, Madison, and State streets, which included an area of about three-eighths of a square mile (1 km²). Within 7 years the town had a population of over 4,000. Chicago was granted a city charter by Illinois on March 4, 1837. The opening of the Illinois and Michigan Canal in 1848, allowed shipping from the Great Lakes through Chicago to the Mississippi River and so to the Gulf of Mexico. The firs ...

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History of Chicago, History of Chicago - Early days, History of Chicago - Incorporation, History of Chicago - Growth, History of Chicago - Great Chicago Fire, History of Chicago - 20th century, History of Chicago - Timeline of events

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During the Revolutionary War, the Kentucky settlements (then part of Virginia) were at war with Indians in the Ohio Country, particularly the Shawnee, Mingo, and Wyandot. Working on behalf of Virginia, Clark helped to raise a militia and to organize the defense of the region. He was selected as a delegate to the Virginia Convention and managed to obtain supplies of ammunition there that he used to repel attacks on Harrodsburg, Kentucky in 1777. After sending spies into the Illinois Country, he developed a plan to capture it. Receiving suppor ...

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George Rogers Clark, George Rogers Clark - Early years, George Rogers Clark - Revolutionary War, George Rogers Clark - Later years, George Rogers Clark - Memorials

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Blue Jacket participated in Dunmore's War and the American Revolutionary War (allied with the British), always attempting to maintain Shawnee land rights. With the British defeat in the American Revolutionary War, the Shawnee lost valuable assistance in defending the Ohio Country. The struggle continued as white settlement in Ohio escalated, and Blue Jacket was a prominent leader of the resistance. On November 3, 1791, a pan-tribal Indian army led by Blue Jacket and Miami Chief Little Turtle (Michikinikwa) defeated an American expedit ...

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Blue Jacket, Blue Jacket - Who was Blue Jacket?, Blue Jacket - Struggle for the Old Northwest, Blue Jacket - Reference

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An Indian confederacy—one of the strongest Native American alliances to date—had achieved major victories over the United States in 1790 and 1791, alarming the administration of President George Washington. In 1792, Washington called upon Revolutionary War veteran General "Mad Anthony" Wayne to build and command a new army. Wayne believed the previous expeditions against the Indians had failed because of the poor training ...

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Battle of Fallen Timbers, Battle of Fallen Timbers - Background, Battle of Fallen Timbers - Battle

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American Revolutionary War - Massachusetts 1774 to 1776. In 1774, the British parliament effectively abolished the provincial government of Massachusetts. Lieutenant General Thomas Gage, already the commander-in-chief of British troops in North America, was also appointed governor of Massachusetts and was instructed by King George's government to enforce royal authority in the troublesome colony. However, popular resistance compelled the newly appointed royal officials in Massachusetts to resign or to seek refuge ...

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American Revolutionary War, American Revolutionary War - Combatants, American Revolutionary War - Political Crisis of 1775-1776, American Revolutionary War - European nations, American Revolutionary War - Blacks and Native Americans, American Revolutionary War - War in the North, American Revolutionary War - Massachusetts 1774 to 1776, American Revolutionary War - Canada 1775 to 1776, American Revolutionary War - New York and New Jersey 1776 to 1777, American Revolutionary War - Saratoga Campaign 1777, American Revolutionary War - Philadelphia campaign 1777 to 1778, American Revolutionary War - War in the West, American Revolutionary War - War in the South, American Revolutionary War - Carolinas 1780 to 1781, American Revolutionary War - Virginia 1775 to 1781, American Revolutionary War - War at sea, American Revolutionary War - Gulf Coast, American Revolutionary War - Caribbean, American Revolutionary War - India, American Revolutionary War - Netherlands, American Revolutionary War - Mediterranean, American Revolutionary War - Whitehaven, American Revolutionary War - War's end, American Revolutionary War - Casualties, American Revolutionary War - Notes

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The end of the Revolution and the creation of the Northwest Territory in 1787 led to strife as settlement west of the Appalachians, previously forbidden by the British, began to increase. The tribal confederacy in this Northwest Indian War (sometimes known as Little Turtle's War) was blamed for the deaths of 1500 white settlers in the region between 1783 and 1790, probably inflicted in what they saw as lawful defense of their territory under previous treaties. Additionally, the British, allied with the confederacy, wer ...

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Michikinikwa, Michikinikwa - Early life, Michikinikwa - Struggle with the United States, Michikinikwa - Later life, Michikinikwa - Legacy, Michikinikwa - External link

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The impetus for the legion came from General Arthur St. Clair's disastrous defeat at the hand of Blue Jacket and Michikinikwa's tribal confederacy in the Northwest Indian War. Many of the Founding Fathers had been suspicious of standing armies, believing that the militia would be suited to all the nation's defense needs. However, the defeat of St. Clair and his predecessor, Josiah Harmar, whose forces were drawn principally from state militias, caused a shift in thinking. President Washington picked his old lieutenant, Wayne, to lead ...

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Legion of the United States, Legion of the United States - Origins, Legion of the United States - Structure, Legion of the United States - Battles, Legion of the United States - Legacy

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Brant was born of undistinguished parents in the Ohio Country on the banks of the Cuyahoga River, near present-day Akron, Ohio, and was named Thayendanegea. His father died while Brant was an infant, and his mother (Margaret, or Owandah) took Joseph and his older sister Mary (known as Molly) to Canajoharie, on the Mohawk River in eastern New York, where she had lived before her family moved to the Ohio River. There his mother remarried a widower named Brant Canagaraduncka, who was a sachem of the tribe. While this bettered his motherâ ...

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Joseph Brant, Joseph Brant - Early years, Joseph Brant - American Revolution, Joseph Brant - Later years and legacy, Joseph Brant - Alternate spellings

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After this event St. Clair broke with the British government and, in January, 1776, took a commission in the Continental Army, as a Colonel of Pennsylvania militia (3rd Pennsylvania Regiment). He was appointed a Brigadier General in August of 1776, and was sent by George Washington to help organize the New Jersey militia. He took part in Washington's crossing of the Delaware River on Christmas night 1776 before the Battle of Trenton. Many biographers credit St. Clair with the strategy which led to Washington's c ...

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Arthur St. Clair, Arthur St. Clair - Revolutionary War, Arthur St. Clair - Northwest Territory

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The mouth of the river at Lake Erie is wide and supports considerable commercial traffic, including oil, grain, and coal. However, about 15 miles upstream, near the town of Waterville, Ohio, the river becomes much shallower and supports only recreational navigation above that point. The abandoned Miami and Erie Canal paralleled the Maumee between Defiance, Ohio and Toledo; portions of its towpath are currently ...

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Maumee River, Maumee River - History, Maumee River - Transportation, Maumee River - Watershed, Maumee River - Cities and towns along the river

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In 1791, Congress imposed an excise tax on distilled spirits, part of Hamilton's program. The Revenue Act of 1789 already dealt with federal debt, but the decision to pay off state debts as well meant that additional taxes were required. This tax was highly unpopular on the American frontier, especially with settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains. It affected farmers who grew grain that was made into whiskey. Notably, the farmers whom the tax adversely affected were Democratic-Republicans and supporters of Jefferson, and Hamilton promoted taxin ...

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Washington Administration, Washington Administration - 1789 election, Washington Administration - Establishing protocol, Washington Administration - Address to Jews of Newport Rhode Island, Washington Administration - Whiskey Rebellion, Washington Administration - War on the frontier, Washington Administration - Foreign Affairs, Washington Administration - Jay's Treaty of 1794, Washington Administration - Party Formation, Washington Administration - Farewell Address and Two-Term Tradition, Washington Administration - Scholarly Secondary Sources, Washington Administration - Primary Sources, Washington Administration - Cabinet, Washington Administration - Supreme Court appointments, Washington Administration - Major Presidential Acts, Washington Administration - States admitted to the Union, Washington Administration - First President?

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In the early 1760s, Great Britain possessed a vast empire on the North American continent. In addition to the thirteen British colonies, victory in the Seven Years' War had given Great Britain claim over New France (Canada), Spanish Florida, and the Native American lands east of the Mississippi River. A war against France's former Indian allies—Pontiac's Rebellion—had, if not conquered, at least 'pacified' the western frontier. At this time, most white colonists in America considered themselves loyal subjects of the British Crown, with the same rights and obl ...

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American Revolution, American Revolution - Origins, American Revolution - Philosophy and radical thought, American Revolution - Religious trends, American Revolution - Road to rebellion, American Revolution - Economic disputes 1760-70, American Revolution - Western land dispute, American Revolution - Crises 1772-75, American Revolution - Choosing sides, American Revolution - Class differences among the Patriots, American Revolution - Women, American Revolution - Writing the state constitutions, American Revolution - War for independence 1775-83, American Revolution - America after the war, American Revolution - The impact on British North America, American Revolution - Revolution beyond America, American Revolution - Legacy and interpretations, American Revolution - Scholarly Secondary Sources

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Meanwhile, in 1800, William Henry Harrison had become the governor of the newly formed Indiana Territory, with the capital at Vincennes. Harrison sought to secure title to Indian lands in order to allow for American expansion; in particular he hoped that the Indiana Territory would attract enough white settlers so as to qualify for statehood. Harrison negotiated numerous land cession treaties with American Indians, culminating with the Treaty of Fort Wayne on September 30, 1809, in which Little Turtle and other tribal leaders sold about 2,500,000 acr ...

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Tecumseh's War, Tecumseh's War - Factions, Tecumseh's War - Religious revival, Tecumseh's War - Political alliance, Tecumseh's War - Expedition to the Tippecanoe, Tecumseh's War - Aftermath

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18th century - 1700s. 1701-1714: War of the Spanish Succession 1703: Saint Petersburg founded by Peter the Great. Russian capital until 1918. 1707: Act of Union passed merging the Scottish and the English Parliaments, thus establishing The Kingdom of Great Britain. 1707: After Aurangzeb's death, the Mughal Empire enters a long decline. 18th century - 1710s. 1715: Louis XIV dies 1718: City of New Orleans founde ...

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