Chamberlain is perhaps the most ill-regarded British Prime Minister of the 20th century, largely because of his policy of appeasement towards Nazi Germany regarding the abandonment of Czechoslovakia to Hitler at Munich in 1938. After working in business and local government, and a short spell as Director of National Service in 1916 and 1917, Chamberlain followed his father, Joseph Chamberlain, and older half-brother, Austen Chamberlain, becoming a Member of Parliament in the 1918 general election aged 49. He declined a junior minister ...

See also:

Neville Chamberlain, Neville Chamberlain - Overview, Neville Chamberlain - Early life, Neville Chamberlain - Lord Mayor of Birmingham, Neville Chamberlain - Early ministerial career, Neville Chamberlain - Becoming the heir apparent, Neville Chamberlain - Formation of the National Government, Neville Chamberlain - Return to the Exchequer, Neville Chamberlain - Appointment as Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain - Domestic policy, Neville Chamberlain - Relations with Ireland, Neville Chamberlain - Palestine White Paper, Neville Chamberlain - European policy, Neville Chamberlain - Outbreak of war, Neville Chamberlain - War premiership, Neville Chamberlain - Fall and resignation, Neville Chamberlain - Lord President of the Council and death, Neville Chamberlain - Legacy, Neville Chamberlain - Notes

Read more here: » Neville Chamberlain: Encyclopedia II - Neville Chamberlain - Overview

1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). 1940 - Births. See also Category:1940 births January 4 - Brian David Josephson, Welsh physicist, Nobel Prize laureate January 4 - Gao Xingjian, Chinese-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate January 6 - Penny Lernoux, American journalist and author (d. 1989) January 14 - Julian Bond, American civil rights activist January 20 - Carol Heiss, American figure skater < ...

Including:

• 1940 - Births
• 1940 - March-April
• 1940 - May-July
• 1940 - August-December
• 1940 - Deaths
• 1940 - Date unknown
• 1940 - Nobel Prizes

Read more here: » 1940: Encyclopedia - 1940

The Right Honourable Andrew Bonar Law (September 16, 1858 - October 30, 1923) was a Conservative British statesman and Prime Minister. Andrew Bonar Law - Early Life. Of Ulster Scots and Scottish descent, Andrew Bonar Law was born in Rexton, a small village in eastern New Brunswick, Canada. He was the son of the Reverend James Law and Elizabeth Kidston. In 1860, Law's mother died in childbirth. He worked as a boy on his fathers smallholding and for some years after his mother’s death he was in the c ...

Including:

• Andrew Bonar Law - Early Life
• Andrew Bonar Law - Parliament
• Andrew Bonar Law - Conservative Leader
• Andrew Bonar Law - The Great War
• Andrew Bonar Law - Post War and Prime Minister
• Andrew Bonar Law - Bonar Law's Government October 1922 - May 1923
• Andrew Bonar Law - Changes
• Andrew Bonar Law - Assessment

Read more here: » Andrew Bonar Law: Encyclopedia - Andrew Bonar Law

The Anschluss[1] (German: connection, or political union), also known as the Anschluss Österreichs, was the 1938 inclusion of Austria into "Greater Germany" by the Nazi regime. The events of March 12, 1938, were the first major steps in Adolf Hitler's long-desired expansion of Germany. The Anschluss followed the return to Germany of the Saar region, which had been under the control of the League of Nations for 15 year ...

Including:

• Anschluss - Situation before the Anschluss
• Anschluss - The Anschluss of 1938
• Anschluss - Hitler's first moves
• Anschluss - Schuschnigg announces a referendum
• Anschluss - German troops march into Austria
• Anschluss - Reactions and consequences of the Anschluss
• Anschluss - Legacy of the 1938 Anschluss
• Anschluss - The Anschluss: annexation or union?
• Anschluss - The appeal of Nazism to Austrians
• Anschluss - The Second Republic
• Anschluss - The Historical Commission and outstanding legal issues
• Anschluss - Austrian political and military leaders in Nazi Germany
• Anschluss - Notes

Read more here: » Anschluss: Encyclopedia - Anschluss

The Right Honourable Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC (June 12, 1897– January 14, 1977), British politician, was Foreign Secretary during World War II and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the 1950s. He is remembered mainly for his role in the disastrous Suez Crisis of 1956. In a 2004 poll [1] of 139 political science academics organised by MORI, Eden was voted the least successful British Prime Minister of the 20th Century. This echoed the outcome of an earlier survey by BBC Radio's The Westminster Hou ...

Including:

• Anthony Eden - Early career
• Anthony Eden - Foreign Secretary
• Anthony Eden - Prime Minister
• Anthony Eden - The Eden Government
• Anthony Eden - The Grey-Eden connection

Read more here: » Anthony Eden: Encyclopedia - Anthony Eden

The Right Honourable Sir Austen Chamberlain (October 16, 1863 – March 17, 1937) was a British statesman and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. Austen Chamberlain - Early career. Austen was educated at Cambridge University and the Paris Institute of Political Studies (best known as the Sciences Po). He was the son of Birmingham's Mayor Joseph Chamberlain and older half-brother of Neville Chamberlain, Austen was first elected to parliament as a Liberal Unionist in 1892. In 1903, he became Chancellor of the Ex ...

Including:

• Austen Chamberlain - Early career
• Austen Chamberlain - Almost leader
• Austen Chamberlain - World War One
• Austen Chamberlain - Briefly leader
• Austen Chamberlain - Foreign Secretary
• Austen Chamberlain - Late career
• Austen Chamberlain - Last great service

Read more here: » Austen Chamberlain: Encyclopedia - Austen Chamberlain

The Right Honourable Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel, KT,1 PC (2 July 1903–9 October 1995), 14th Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British politician, and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a year from October 1963 to October 1964. As such, he held a series of records: He was the last member of the House of Lords to be appointed Prime Minister, the only Prime Minister to resign from the Lords and contest a by-election to enter the House of Commons and, to date, the las ...

Including:

• Alec Douglas-Home - Cricket Career
• Alec Douglas-Home - Political Life
• Alec Douglas-Home - Appointment as Prime Minister
• Alec Douglas-Home - Defeat and opposition
• Alec Douglas-Home - Titles from birth to death
• Alec Douglas-Home - Nicknames
• Alec Douglas-Home - Sir Alec Douglas-Home's Government October 1963 – October 1964
• Alec Douglas-Home - Changes
• Alec Douglas-Home - Notes

Read more here: » Alec Douglas-Home: Encyclopedia - Alec Douglas-Home

Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the English West Midlands. It is commonly considered to be England's "second city" and is the largest of England's core cities. The City of Birmingham has a population of 992,400 (2004 estimate). It also forms part of the large West Midlands conurbation, which has a population of 2,284,093 (2001 census) and includes several neighbouring towns and cities, such as Sutton Coldfield, Solihull, Wolverhampton, the towns of the Black ...

Including:

• Birmingham - History
• Birmingham - Geography
• Birmingham - Economy
• Birmingham - Architecture
• Birmingham - Politics
• Birmingham - Places of interest
• Birmingham - Famous residents
• Birmingham - Transport
• Birmingham - Education
• Birmingham - Sport
• Birmingham - Food & drink
• Birmingham - Culture and arts
• Birmingham - Popular music
• Birmingham - Classical music
• Birmingham - Theatre
• Birmingham - Literature
• Birmingham - Visual art
• Birmingham - Festivals and shows
• Birmingham - Film and media
• Birmingham - Science and invention
• Birmingham - Partner cities

Read more here: » Birmingham: Encyclopedia - Birmingham

1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1930s - Events and trends. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. In Australia, this decade was known as the Dirty Thirties. In both Central Europe and Eastern Europe, Fascism, Nazism, Stalinism,dominated as the solution, the first two adopting war-oriented economic policies and the l ...

Including:

• 1930s - Events and trends
• 1930s - Technology
• 1930s - Science
• 1930s - War peace and politics
• 1930s - Economics
• 1930s - Culture religion
• 1930s - Others
• 1930s - People
• 1930s - World leaders
• 1930s - Entertainers
• 1930s - Sports figures

Read more here: » 1930s: Encyclopedia - 1930s

The Suez Crisis, also known as the Suez War or 1956 War (commonly known in the Arab world as the Tripartite aggression; other names include the Suez-Sinai war, 1956 Arab-Israeli War, Suez Campaign, Kadesh Operation, and Operation Musketeer) was a war fought on Egyptian territory in 1956. The conflict pitted Egypt against an alliance between France, the United Kingdom and Israel. The alliance against Egypt largely took place as a result of the Egyptian leader Nasser's goal of nati ...

Including:

• Suez Crisis - Background
• Suez Crisis - Invasion
• Suez Crisis - Cease fire and withdrawal
• Suez Crisis - Aftermath
• Suez Crisis - Notes

Read more here: » Suez Crisis: Encyclopedia - Suez Crisis

The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar. Common usage sometimes regards it as lasting from 1900 to 1999. The 20th century is also sometimes known as the nineteen hundreds (1900s). However, a number of arguments have been used to justify the common usage. One advanced by Stephen Jay Gould is that the first decade had only nine years, thus contradicting the definition of decade equaled 10 years. Another argument is that the astronomical year numbering system for years does have a year zero, the ...

Including:

• 20th century - Overview
• 20th century - Important developments events and achievements
• 20th century - Science and technology
• 20th century - Wars and politics
• 20th century - Culture and entertainment
• 20th century - Disease and medicine
• 20th century - Natural resources and the environment
• 20th century - Significant people
• 20th century - World leaders
• 20th century - Scientists
• 20th century - Humanities
• 20th century - Business
• 20th century - Aerospace pioneers
• 20th century - Spiritual figures
• 20th century - Artists
• 20th century - Music
• 20th century - Film
• 20th century - Writers and poets
• 20th century - Sports figures
• 20th century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 20th century: Encyclopedia - 20th century

The Right Honourable Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, best known as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. At various times a soldier, journalist, author, and politician, Churchill is generally regarded as one of the most important leaders in British and world history. He won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Literature. In a poll conducted by the BBC in 2002 to identify the "100 Greatest Britons", partici ...

Including:

• Winston Churchill - Early life
• Winston Churchill - The Army
• Winston Churchill - Parliament
• Winston Churchill - Ministerial office
• Winston Churchill - Return to power
• Winston Churchill - Career between the wars
• Winston Churchill - Role as wartime Prime Minister
• Winston Churchill - After World War II
• Winston Churchill - Second term
• Winston Churchill - Anglo-Iranian Oil Dispute
• Winston Churchill - The Mau Mau Rebellion
• Winston Churchill - Malaya Emergency
• Winston Churchill - Honours for Churchill
• Winston Churchill - Family
• Winston Churchill - Last days
• Winston Churchill - Churchill as historian
• Winston Churchill - Quotes
• Winston Churchill - Churchill's war cabinet May 1940–May 1945
• Winston Churchill - Changes
• Winston Churchill - Winston Churchill's caretaker cabinet May–July 1945
• Winston Churchill - Winston Churchill's third cabinet October 1951–April 1955
• Winston Churchill - Changes

Read more here: » Winston Churchill: Encyclopedia - Winston Churchill

The White Paper of 1939, also known as the MacDonald White Paper after Malcolm MacDonald, the British Colonial Secretary who presided over it, was a policy paper issued by the British government under Neville Chamberlain in which the idea of partitioning the British Mandate of Palestine was abandoned in favour of an independent Palestine governed jointly by Arabs and Jews. White Paper of 1939 - pre White Paper of 1939. Previous White Papers had stated that the 1917 Balfour Declaration was not a Briti ...

Including:

• White Paper of 1939 - pre White Paper of 1939
• White Paper of 1939 - White Paper of 1939 content
• White Paper of 1939 - White Paper of 1939 reactions
• White Paper of 1939 - Footnotes

Read more here: » White Paper of 1939: Encyclopedia - White Paper of 1939

A presidential system, or a congressional system, is a system of government of a republic where the executive branch is elected separately from the legislative. The defining characteristic of a presidential government is how the executive is elected, but nearly all presidential systems share the following features: The president is both head of state and head of government. The president has no formal relationship with the legislature. He is not a voting member, nor can he introduce bills. ...

Including:

• Presidential system - Types of presidents
• Presidential system - Perceived advantages of presidential systems
• Presidential system - Direct mandate
• Presidential system - Separation of powers
• Presidential system - Speed and decisiveness
• Presidential system - Stability
• Presidential system - Perceived disadvantages of presidential systems
• Presidential system - Tendency towards authoritarianism
• Presidential system - Separation of powers
• Presidential system - Impediments to leadership change
• Presidential system - Differences from a cabinet system
• Presidential system - The reality
• Presidential system - Democracies with a presidential system of government

Read more here: » Presidential system: Encyclopedia - Presidential system

The Daily Mail is a British tabloid newspaper, first published in 1896. Its sister paper, the Mail on Sunday, was launched in 1982. The editorial slant of both papers is towards social and political conservatism. The Daily Mail was Britain's first daily newspaper aimed at what is now considered the middle-market and the first to sell 1 million copies a day. Originally broadsheet, the Mail switched to the tabloid format in which it is published today on May 3, 1971, the 75th anniversary of its founding (on t ...

Including:

• Daily Mail - History
• Daily Mail - Editorial stance
• Daily Mail - Criticism
• Daily Mail - Moral Issues
• Daily Mail - Immigration
• Daily Mail - Pseudoscience
• Daily Mail - Conservative appearance
• Daily Mail - Satire
• Daily Mail - Daily Mail writers
• Daily Mail - Current writers
• Daily Mail - Past writers
• Daily Mail - Mail on Sunday writers
• Daily Mail - Current writers
• Daily Mail - Past writers

Read more here: » Daily Mail: Encyclopedia - Daily Mail

The Right Honourable David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor, OM, PC (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was a British statesman and the last member of the Liberal Party to be Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. David Lloyd George - Upbringing. Although born in Manchester in 1863, David Lloyd George was a Welsh-speaking Welshman, the only Welshman ever to hold the office of Prime Minister in the British government. In his early life he lived in poverty and so moved with his mother to live in L ...

Including:

• David Lloyd George - Upbringing
• David Lloyd George - Entry into politics
• David Lloyd George - Prime Minister
• David Lloyd George - Later political career
• David Lloyd George - Family
• David Lloyd George - War cabinet December 1916–January 1919
• David Lloyd George - Changes
• David Lloyd George - Other members of Lloyd George's war government
• David Lloyd George - Peacetime government January 1919–October 1922
• David Lloyd George - Changes

Read more here: » David Lloyd George: Encyclopedia - David Lloyd George

1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1869 - Events. 1869 - January—June. March 1 - North German Confederation issues 10gr and 30gr value stamps, printed on goldbeater's skin May - Naval Battle of Hakod ...

Including:

• 1869 - Events
• 1869 - January—June
• 1869 - July—December
• 1869 - Unknown dates
• 1869 - Births
• 1869 - Deaths
• 1869 - Fiction

Read more here: » 1869: Encyclopedia - 1869

The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British cabinet minister responsible for all financial matters. Often simply called The Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister for Finance or Secretary of the Treasury in other jurisdictions. The position is considered one of the four great offices of state. The Chancellor holds third oldest major state office in English and United Kingdom history, one which originally carried responsibility f ...

Including:

• Chancellor of the Exchequer - Roles and Responsibilities
• Chancellor of the Exchequer - Trivia
• Chancellor of the Exchequer - List of Holders of the Office since 1559

Read more here: » Chancellor of the Exchequer: Encyclopedia - Chancellor of the Exchequer

United Kingdom This article is part of the series: Politics of the United Kingdom Parliament The Crown: Queen Elizabeth II House of Lords Lord Chancellor: Lord Falconer House of Commons Speaker: Michael Martin Prime Minister: Tony Blair Cabinet Government departments Scottish Parliament Scottish ExecutiveIncluding:

• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - History
• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - The Office
• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - Term
• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - Powers and restraints
• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - Precedence and privileges
• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - Retirement honours
• Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - List of Prime Ministers

Read more here: » Prime Minister of the United Kingdom: Encyclopedia - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

Canada is a constitutional monarchy and a Commonwealth Realm with Queen Elizabeth II as its reigning monarch. As such she is the de jure head of state, though she does hold several powers that are hers alone, while the Governor General is referred to as the de facto head of state [1]. In Canada, the Queen's official title in English is: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith. In Frenc ...

Including:

• Monarchy in Canada - Constitutional monarchy in Canada
• Monarchy in Canada - History
• Monarchy in Canada - Royal visits
• Monarchy in Canada - The Crown and the First Nations
• Monarchy in Canada - The Crown and the military
• Monarchy in Canada - Cost of the Crown
• Monarchy in Canada - Organizations under Royal Charter
• Monarchy in Canada - Companies
• Monarchy in Canada - Cities
• Monarchy in Canada - Universities and colleges
• Monarchy in Canada - Other Canadian organizations under Royal Charter
• Monarchy in Canada - Debate on the monarchy
• Monarchy in Canada - Support and opposition
• Monarchy in Canada - Monarchist arguments
• Monarchy in Canada - Republican arguments
• Monarchy in Canada - Recent polls
• Monarchy in Canada - Notes
• Monarchy in Canada - Monarchs of Canada
• Monarchy in Canada - Footnotes

Read more here: » Monarchy in Canada: Encyclopedia - Monarchy in Canada