The Neolithic, (Greek νέος (neos) = new + λίθος (lithos) = stone, or "New" Stone Age) was a period in the development of human technology that is traditionally the last part of the Stone Age. The name was invented by John Lubbock in 1865 as a refinement of the three-age system. The term is more commonly used in the Old World and its application to cultures in the Americas and Oceania is problematic. It follows the terminal Pleistocene Epipalaeolithic and early Holocene Mesolithic periods, beginning ...

Including:

• Neolithic - Origins and regional development
• Neolithic - Social organization
• Neolithic - Farming
• Neolithic - Technology

Read more here: » Neolithic: Encyclopedia - Neolithic

See also:

Neolithic, Neolithic - Origins and regional development, Neolithic - Social organization, Neolithic - Farming, Neolithic - Technology, Neolithic - Neolithic Religion, Neolithic - Origins, Neolithic - Deities and Spirits, Neolithic - Others

Read more here: » Neolithic: Encyclopedia II - Neolithic - Neolithic Religion

Neolithic peoples were skilled farmers, manufacturing a range of tools necessary for the tending, harvesting and processing of crops (such as sickle blades and grinding stones) and food production (e.g. pottery, bone implements). They were also skilled manufacturers of a range of other types of stone tool and ornaments, including projectile points, beads, and statuettes. Neolithic peoples in the Levant, Anatolia, Syria, northern Mesopotamia and Central Asia were also accomplished builders, utilising mud-brick to construct houses and villages ...

See also:

Neolithic, Neolithic - Origins and regional development, Neolithic - Social organization, Neolithic - Farming, Neolithic - Technology, Neolithic - Neolithic Religion, Neolithic - Origins, Neolithic - Deities and Spirits, Neolithic - Others

Read more here: » Neolithic: Encyclopedia II - Neolithic - Technology

Prehistory of Cyprus - Aceramic Neolithic. The first undisputed settlement occurred in the 9th (or perhaps 10th) millennium BC from the Levant (PPNB). The first settlers were already agriculturalists, but did not yet produce pottery (aceramic Neolithic). They introduced the dog, sheep, goats and maybe cattle and pigs as well as numerous wild animals like foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and Persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) that were previously unknown on the island. The PPNB settlers built round houses ...

See also:

Prehistory of Cyprus, Prehistory of Cyprus - Epipalaeolithic, Prehistory of Cyprus - Neolithic, Prehistory of Cyprus - Aceramic Neolithic, Prehistory of Cyprus - Ceramic Neolithic, Prehistory of Cyprus - Chalcolithic, Prehistory of Cyprus - Bronze Age, Prehistory of Cyprus - Early Bronze Age, Prehistory of Cyprus - Middle Bronze Age, Prehistory of Cyprus - Late Bronze Age, Prehistory of Cyprus - Iron Age, Prehistory of Cyprus - Literature, Prehistory of Cyprus - Reference

Read more here: » Prehistory of Cyprus: Encyclopedia II - Prehistory of Cyprus - Neolithic

Neolithic rituals began about 3500 BC with signs of small hearths, and precious objects left on the hill, presumably as offerings, including fine pottery bowls and stone axe heads imported from Cumbria and Wales. Probably around 2500 BC major henge monuments were constructed with the hilltop being surrounded by a bank outside a ditch about 12 ft (3.5 m) wide cut over 3 ft (1 m) into the rock, with wide entrances from north and south. Inside this an egg-shaped setting of 24 uprights (thought to have been timber posts, or possibly standing stones) ...

See also:

Cairnpapple Hill, Cairnpapple Hill - Neolithic, Cairnpapple Hill - Bronze Age, Cairnpapple Hill - Present day, Cairnpapple Hill - Derivation of the name

Read more here: » Cairnpapple Hill: Encyclopedia II - Cairnpapple Hill - Neolithic

Main article:Neolithic Europe. European Neolithic comes from the Near East, via Asia Minor, the Mediterranean waterway and also through the Caucasus in what regards to the East. There has been a long discussion between migrationists (who claim that the Asian peasants almost totally displaced the European native hunter-gatherers) and diffusionists (who claim that the process was slow enough to have occurred mostly through cultural transmission). Modern genetic studies seem to show that the truth is somewhere in the middle and that both processes ...

See also:

Prehistoric Europe, Prehistoric Europe - Paleolithic, Prehistoric Europe - Neolithic, Prehistoric Europe - Chalcolithic, Prehistoric Europe - Bronze Age, Prehistoric Europe - Iron Age

Read more here: » Prehistoric Europe: Encyclopedia II - Prehistoric Europe - Neolithic

The westernmost extensions of the Villeneuve-Saint-Germain culture, based on a linearbandkeramic tradition are found in eastern Brittany (Le Haut Meé). The use of schist from the eastern edge of the Breton Massif for bracelets in settlements in the Paris Bassin attests to widespread trade. A bracelet of polished stone found in a grave in the VSG-settlement of Jablines Les-Longues-Raies was made of amphibolite from the island of Groix in southern Morbihan, ...

See also:

History of Brittany, History of Brittany - Palaeolithic, History of Brittany - Mesolithic, History of Brittany - Neolithic, History of Brittany - Bronze age, History of Brittany - Iron Age, History of Brittany - Roman rule, History of Brittany - Early Middle Ages, History of Brittany - Middle Ages, History of Brittany - Early modern Brittany, History of Brittany - Modern Times, History of Brittany - Notes, History of Brittany - Sources

Read more here: » History of Brittany: Encyclopedia II - History of Brittany - Neolithic

A significant and far-reaching shift in human subsistence and lifestyle was to be brought about in those areas where crop farming and cultivation were first developed, then gradually improved. In these areas, the previous reliance upon a more nomadic hunter-gatherer subsistence technique was at first supplemented, and then increasingly replaced by, a reliance upon the yield produced from cultivated lands. These developments are also believed to have greatly encouraged the growth of settlements, since it may be supposed that the increased nee ...

See also:

Neolithic, Neolithic - Origins and regional development, Neolithic - Social organization, Neolithic - Farming, Neolithic - Technology, Neolithic - Neolithic Religion, Neolithic - Origins, Neolithic - Deities and Spirits, Neolithic - Others

Read more here: » Neolithic: Encyclopedia II - Neolithic - Farming

A significant and far-reaching shift in human subsistence and lifestyle was to be brought about in those areas where crop farming and cultivation were first developed, then gradually improved. In these areas, the previous reliance upon a more nomadic hunter-gatherer subsistence technique was at first supplemented, and then increasingly replaced by, a reliance upon the yield produced from cultivated lands. These developments are also believed to have greatly encouraged the growth of settlements, since it may be supposed that the increased nee ...

See also:

Neolithic, Neolithic - Origins and regional development, Neolithic - Social organization, Neolithic - Farming, Neolithic - Technology

Read more here: » Neolithic: Encyclopedia II - Neolithic - Farming

Çatalhöyük /ʧɑtɑl højyk/ (also Çatal Höyük and Çatal Hüyük, or any of the three without accent marks -- Çatal is Turkish for 'fork' and Höyük is Turkish for "mound") was a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlement in southern Anatolia, dating from around 7500 BC for the lowest layers. It is perhaps the largest ...

Including:

• Çatalhöyük - Archaeological history
• Çatalhöyük - Cultural findings
• Çatalhöyük - Religion
• Çatalhöyük - For Further Reading

Read more here: » Çatalhöyük: Encyclopedia - Çatalhöyük

By chronology Prehistoric Britain Iron Age Britain Roman Britain Sub-Roman Britain Medieval Britain Early Modern Britain Modern Britain By nation History of England History of Ireland History of Scotland History of Wales By topic Constitutional history Economic histor ...

Including:

• Prehistoric Britain - Preface
• Prehistoric Britain - The Palaeolithic
• Prehistoric Britain - Lower Palaeolithic
• Prehistoric Britain - Middle Palaeolithic
• Prehistoric Britain - Upper Palaeolithic
• Prehistoric Britain - Mesolithic
• Prehistoric Britain - The Mesolithic-Neolithic transition
• Prehistoric Britain - The Neolithic
• Prehistoric Britain - The Bronze Age
• Prehistoric Britain - The Iron Age
• Prehistoric Britain - Late pre-Roman Iron Age LPRIA
• Prehistoric Britain - Bibliography

Read more here: » Prehistoric Britain: Encyclopedia - Prehistoric Britain

The term Celtic calendar is used to refer to a variety of calendars used by Celtic-speaking peoples at different times in history. Celtic calendar - Neolithic Calendar?. A neolithic engraved stone found at Knowth, Ireland, may be a graphical representation of a lunar calendar. While pre-dating the Celts, Brennan (1994) speculates that it operates on the same principle as the Coligny calendar. Irish calendar, Celtic art Celtic calendar - Continental Celt ...

Including:

• Celtic calendar - Neolithic Calendar?
• Celtic calendar - Continental Celtic Calendar
• Celtic calendar - Mediaeval Irish and Welsh Calendars
• Celtic calendar - Neo-Pagan calendars

Read more here: » Celtic calendar: Encyclopedia - Celtic calendar

Dolmens, cromlechs, Hünengräber or Hunebedden are megalithic tombs consisting of large stones ("megaliths") set in formation and originally covered with earth or more, smaller stones. In many cases the covering has been weathered away leaving only the stone 'skeleton' of the monument. They are a single chamber type of megalithic tomb. The word dolmen, in Breton and Cornish means "stone table". The word was introduced into archaeological usage by Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne. Cromlech derives fr ...

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The axe (or ax) is an ancient and ubiquitous tool that has been used for millennia to shape, split and cut wood, harvest timber, as a weapon and a ceremonial or heraldic symbol. The axe has many forms and specialized uses but generally consists of an axe head with a handle, or helve. The earliest examples of axes have heads of stone with some form of wooden handle attached (hafted) in a method to suit the available materials and use. Axes made of copper, bronze, iron and steel ...

Including:

• Axe - History
• Axe - Symbolism ritual and folklore
• Axe - Forms of Axes
• Axe - Axes designed to cut or shape wood
• Axe - Axes as Weapons
• Axe - Axes for other uses
• Axe - Literature
• Axe - Neolithic axes
• Axe - Superstition
• Axe - Axe Manufacturers
• Axe - Other Web Resources
• Axe - Sources

Read more here: » Axe: Encyclopedia - Axe

About 150 arrangements of prehistoric circular ditches are known to archaeologists spread over Germany, Austria and Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Their diameters range from ca. 20 to ca. 130 m, and they date to the 5th millennium BC. Tools, bones, and some artefacts were found in their context. The largest of these arrangements to date was found in Leipzig in the 1990s. Another large find was at the nearby village of Aythra, outside of Leipzig. From finds in the context of these ditches, and associated settlements of longhouses, it ...

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The Stone Age is a broad prehistoric time period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking. Stone tools were made from a variety of different kinds of stone. For example, flint and chert were shaped (or chipped) for use as cutting tools and weapons, while basalt and sandstone were used for ground stone tools, such as quern-stones. Wood, bone, shell, antler and other materials were widely used, too. During the most recent part of the period, sediments (like clay) were used to make pottery. A series of metal technology innovations characterize the later Cha ...

Including:

• Stone Age - The Stone Age in archaeology
• Stone Age - Modern use of the term
• Stone Age - Human development during the Stone Age
• Stone Age - Palaeolithic
• Stone Age - Epipalaeolithic/Mesolithic
• Stone Age - Neolithic
• Stone Age - Stone Age material culture
• Stone Age - Food and drink
• Stone Age - Shelters and habitats
• Stone Age - Art
• Stone Age - Stone Age rituals and beliefs
• Stone Age - Remnants of Stone Age living in modern times
• Stone Age - The Stone Age in popular culture
• Stone Age - Notes

Read more here: » Stone Age: Encyclopedia - Stone Age

The Vinča culture was an early culture of Europe (between the 6th and the 3rd millennium BC), stretching around the course of Danube in Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria and former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, although traces of it can be found all around the Balkans. It was named after Vinča, a suburb of Belgrade, where in 1908 several artifacts were found by the first archaeological excavation team lead by Miloje M. Vasić. After WWI excavation took part since 1924, so Vinča came into the focus of attention of European archaeol ...

Read more here: » Vinča culture: Encyclopedia - Vinča culture

How many Neolithic languages existed is not known, nor whether the ancient names of peoples believed, in ancient times or now, to have descended from the pre-ancient population referred to speakers of distinct languages. Marija Gimbutas, observing a unity of symbols marked especially on pots, but also on other objects, concluded to a possible single language (The Language of the Goddess, 1989) spoken in Old Europe. She thought that decipherment ...

See also:

Neolithic Europe, Neolithic Europe - Origins, Neolithic Europe - Old Europe, Neolithic Europe - Pre-Indo-European peoples, Neolithic Europe - Neolithic languages, Neolithic Europe - Competing theories, Neolithic Europe - List of cultures

Read more here: » Neolithic Europe: Encyclopedia II - Neolithic Europe - Neolithic languages

Neolithic Man.

See CAVE DWELLERS

(See also: Neolithic Man, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary)

Archeologists believe that food-producing societies first emerged in the Levantine region of southwest Asia in the early Holocene, and developed into a number of regionally distinctive cultures by the 8th millennium BCE. Remains of food producing societies in Greece have been carbon-dated to around 6500 BCE at Knossos, Franchthi Cave, and a number of sites in Thessaly. Neolithic groups appear soon afterwards in the Balkans and south-central Europe. The Neolithic cultures of southeastern Europe (the Balkans, Italy, and the Aegean) show some c ...

See also:

Neolithic Europe, Neolithic Europe - Origins, Neolithic Europe - Old Europe, Neolithic Europe - Pre-Indo-European peoples, Neolithic Europe - Neolithic languages, Neolithic Europe - Competing theories, Neolithic Europe - List of cultures

Read more here: » Neolithic Europe: Encyclopedia II - Neolithic Europe - Origins