Near-Death Experience, NDE:

Experiences of people after they have been pronounced clinically dead, or been very close to death. Typical features of the NDE are an OBE, life review, a tunnel experience, light, coming to a boundary (marking death), seeing dead friends and relatives, experiencing a loving or divine presence, and making a choice (or being told) to return. Occasionally NDEs can be frightening and distressing. NDEs often have profound effects on the person's later life.

See also Cerebral Anoxia, Survival .

(See also: Near-Death Experience, NDE, Psychic, Psychic Dictionary, Parapsychology, Parapsychology Dictionary)

Fernando Belaúnde Terry - Early years. The second of four children, Belaúnde was born in Lima into an upper-middle-class family of Spanish forebears. During the dictatorship of Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo, the persecution for the political activities of his father Rafael and his uncle Víctor Andrés Belaúnde prompted the family to move to France in 1924, where Fernando attended high school and rec ...

See also:

Fernando Belaúnde Terry, Fernando Belaúnde Terry - Biography, Fernando Belaúnde Terry - Early years, Fernando Belaúnde Terry - Political career, Fernando Belaúnde Terry - First term 1963-1968, Fernando Belaúnde Terry - Second term 1980 – 1985

Read more here: » Fernando Belaúnde Terry: Encyclopedia II - Fernando Belaúnde Terry - Biography

Billboard Music Charts (North America) - album 1998 ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones? The Billboard 200 No. 131 1998 ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones? Heatseekers No. 2 1998 ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones? Latin Pop No. 1 1998 ¿Dónde Están los Ladrones? Top Latin Albums No. 1 Billboard (North America) - singles 1998 "Ciega Sordomuda" Hot Latin Tracks No. 1 ...

See also:

¿Dónde están los ladrones?, ¿Dónde están los ladrones? - Personnel, ¿Dónde están los ladrones? - Singles, ¿Dónde están los ladrones? - Awards, ¿Dónde están los ladrones? - Chart positions, ¿Dónde están los ladrones? - Release details

Read more here: » ¿Dónde están los ladrones?: Encyclopedia II - ¿Dónde están los ladrones? - Chart positions

The city-states of Berlin and Hamburg are subdivided into boroughs. The state Bremen consists of two urban districts, Bremen and Bremerhaven. In the other Länder there are the following subdivisions: States of Germany - Landschaftsverbände. Landschaftsverbände ("area associations"): The most populous state of North Rhine-Westphalia is uniquely divided into two Landschaftsverbände, one for the Rhineland, one for Westphalia-Lippe. This was meant to ease the friction caused by uniting the two culturally quite different regions into a single Land after World W ...

See also:

States of Germany, States of Germany - Structure of government, States of Germany - Politics, States of Germany - Further subdivisions, States of Germany - Landschaftsverbände, States of Germany - Regierungsbezirke, States of Germany - Kreise, States of Germany - Ämter, States of Germany - Gemeinden

Read more here: » States of Germany: Encyclopedia II - States of Germany - Further subdivisions

Dornberger had always wanted a mobile launch platform for the missiles, but Hitler pressed for the construction of massive underground blockhouses from which to launch them. According to his plans, V-2s should have arrived from a number of factories in a continuous stream on several redundant rail lines, and launching should have been almost continual. Construction of the first such site started at Éperlecques, near St Omer in the Pas-de-Calais area in 1943. The British spotted it almost immediately and started a massive bombing campaign that eventually forced the Germans to abandon it, although the large 10 ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Launch sites

Dornberger had always wanted a mobile launch platform for the missiles, but Hitler pressed for the construction of massive underground blockhouses from which to launch them. According to his plans, V-2s should have arrived from a number of factories in a continuous stream on several redundant rail lines, and launching should have been almost continual. Construction of the first such site started at Éperlecques, near St Omer in the Pas-de-Calais area in 1943. The British spotted it almost immediately and started a massive bombing campaign that eventually forced the Germans to abandon it, although the large 10 ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Launch sites

Eicke then returned to Germany in March 1933 following Hitler's rise to power; after political quarrels with Gauleiter Joseph Bürckel and spending several months in a mental asylum, he was remembered by Himmler in June 1933 and made commander of the Dachau concentration camp on June 28 after complaints and criminal proceedings against former commander Hilmar Wäckerle following the murder of several detainees. Promoted to SS-Oberführer, Eicke took command of Dachau and immediately began reforms, establishing new guardi ...

See also:

Theodor Eicke, Theodor Eicke - Early Life - World War I, Theodor Eicke - Rise of the Nazi Party, Theodor Eicke - SS and Concentration Camps, Theodor Eicke - SS-Totenkopfverbände, Theodor Eicke - Totenkopf Division

Read more here: » Theodor Eicke: Encyclopedia II - Theodor Eicke - SS and Concentration Camps

As early as 1927 members of the Verein für Raumschiffahrt (VfR) ("Spaceflight Society") had started experimenting with liquid-fuelled rockets. Rockets using a solid propellant had been used as weapons by all sides in WWI, and as a result, the Treaty of Versailles forbade solid fuel rocket research in Germany. By 1932 the Reichswehr started taking notice of their developments for potential long-range artillery use, and a team led by General Walter Dornberger was shown a test vehicle designed and flown by Wernher von Braun. Although the rocket was of limited ability, Dornberger saw von B ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history

As early as 1927 members of the Verein für Raumschiffahrt (VfR) ("Spaceflight Society") had started experimenting with liquid-fuelled rockets. Rockets using a solid propellant had been used as weapons by all sides in WWI, and as a result, the Treaty of Versailles forbade solid fuel rocket research in Germany. By 1932 the Reichswehr started taking notice of their developments for potential long-range artillery use, and a team led by General Walter Dornberger was shown a test vehicle designed and flown by Wernher von Braun. Although the rocket was of limited ability, Dornberger saw von B ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history

The short overview below includes only ten of the at least 20 V-2s still existing as of 2005. For a presumably complete list, consult V2ROCKET.COM's "Surviving A4/V2 Rockets Around the World". Most, but not all, of the listed examples are available on public display. V-2 rocket - United Kingdom. one V-2 at the Science Museum, London one V-2 at the RAF Museum, London one V-2 (painted bright green, and cut through to display the engine and some other interior parts) at the Im ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components

The short overview below includes only ten of the at least 20 V-2s still existing as of 2005. For a presumably complete list, consult V2ROCKET.COM's "Surviving A4/V2 Rockets Around the World". Most, but not all, of the listed examples are available on public display. V-2 rocket - United Kingdom. one V-2 at the Science Museum, London one V-2 at the RAF Museum, London one V-2 (painted bright green, and cut through to display the engine and some other interior parts) at the Im ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components

Eicke was born in Hampont, near Château-Salins (then in German Lorraine) on October 17, 1892 as the son of a station master. After dropping out of school at the age of 17, he voluntarily joined the 23rd Bavarian Infantry Regiment; later on, in World War I, he took the office of paymaster for the 3rd - and, from 1916 on, the 22nd bavarian Infantry Regiment. Having won an Iron Cross during World War I, Eicke nevertheless did not have any prospect to find work after the end of the war; he began studying in his wife's hometown Ilmenau, but dropped out of school again in 1920 to pursue a police career, ini ...

See also:

Theodor Eicke, Theodor Eicke - Early Life - World War I, Theodor Eicke - Rise of the Nazi Party, Theodor Eicke - SS and Concentration Camps, Theodor Eicke - SS-Totenkopfverbände, Theodor Eicke - Totenkopf Division

Read more here: » Theodor Eicke: Encyclopedia II - Theodor Eicke - Early Life - World War I

Staying politically active, Eicke joined the NSDAP on December 1, 1928, and also became a member of Ernst Röhm's SA, which he left again in August 1930 in favour of the SS, where he quickly rose in rank after recruiting new members and building up the SS organization in the Bavarian palatinate, having been promoted to SS-Standartenführer (roughly equivalent to Colonel) by Heinrich Himmler by the end of 1931. His political activities also caught the attention of his employer, though, and in early 1932, he was laid off by the I ...

See also:

Theodor Eicke, Theodor Eicke - Early Life - World War I, Theodor Eicke - Rise of the Nazi Party, Theodor Eicke - SS and Concentration Camps, Theodor Eicke - SS-Totenkopfverbände, Theodor Eicke - Totenkopf Division

Read more here: » Theodor Eicke: Encyclopedia II - Theodor Eicke - Rise of the Nazi Party

Like the V-1, the V-2 was immune to electronic countermeasures. Unlike the V-1, however, the V-2's speed and trajectory also made it invulnerable to anti-aircraft guns and fighters, as it dropped from an altitude of 100–110 km (60–70 miles) at up to four times the speed of sound. The only defences against the V-2 campaign were to destroy the launch infrastructure—expensive in terms of bomber resources and casualties—or to cause the Germans to "aim" at the wrong place through disinformation. The British were able to convince the Germa ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Countermeasures

The V-2, despite being the most advanced weapon in WWII, was militarily ineffective. Its guidance systems were too primitive to hit specific targets, and its costs were approximately equivalent to four-engined bombers, which were more accurate (though only in a relative sense— see discussion in strategic bomber), had longer ranges, carried many more warheads, and were reusable. Moreover, it had diverted resourc ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Assessment

A submarine towed launch platform was tested successfully, effectively making it the prototype for submarine launched ballistic missiles. The project codename was Prüfstand XII. If deployed, it would have allowed a U-boat to launch V-2 missiles against American cities, though only with considerable effort (and likely limited effect). Twelve dismantled V-2 rockets were shipped to the Japanese. These left Bordeaux in August 1944 on transport U-boats U-219 and U-195 reaching Djakarta in December 1944. A civilian V-2 expert was also a VIP passenger on the U-234 bound for Japan in May 1945 when the war ended in Europe. The fat ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans

Like the V-1, the V-2 was immune to electronic countermeasures. Unlike the V-1, however, the V-2's speed and trajectory also made it invulnerable to anti-aircraft guns and fighters, as it dropped from an altitude of 100–110 km (60–70 miles) at up to four times the speed of sound. The only defences against the V-2 campaign were to destroy the launch infrastructure—expensive in terms of bomber resources and casualties—or to cause the Germans to "aim" at the wrong place through disinformation. The British were able to convince the Germa ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Countermeasures

The V-2, despite being the most advanced weapon in WWII, was militarily ineffective. Its guidance systems were too primitive to hit specific targets, and its costs were approximately equivalent to four-engined bombers, which were more accurate (though only in a relative sense— see discussion in strategic bomber), had longer ranges, carried many more warheads, and were reusable. Moreover, it had diverted resourc ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Assessment

A submarine towed launch platform was tested successfully, effectively making it the prototype for submarine launched ballistic missiles. The project codename was Prüfstand XII. If deployed, it would have allowed a U-boat to launch V-2 missiles against American cities, though only with considerable effort (and likely limited effect). Twelve dismantled V-2 rockets were shipped to the Japanese. These left Bordeaux in August 1944 on transport U-boats U-219 and U-195 reaching Djakarta in December 1944. A civilian V-2 expert was also a VIP passenger on the U-234 bound for Japan in May 1945 when the war ended in E ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans

The V2 was an unmanned, internally guided, ballistic missile. At launch it would propel itself for a short time on own power, and it's navigation system would direct it towards it's target during this period. After engine shutdown it would continue on what is basically a free-fall trajectory (hence the term ballistic). The V-2 had an operational range of about 300 km (200 statute miles) carrying a 1000 kg (2200 lb) warhead. The V-2 had an accuracy circular error probable (CEP) of 11 miles (17 km). This means at a 200 mile (300 km) range, the ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Technical Details

At the end of the war a race between the United States and the USSR to retrieve as many V-2 rockets and staff as possible began. Three hundred trainloads of V-2s and parts were captured and shipped to the United States, added to this 126 of the principal designers, including both Wernher von Braun and Walter Dornberger were in American hands. In the midst of this, in October 1945 as Operation Backfire, the British assembled a small number of V-2 missiles and launched three of them from a site in northern Germany. However the en ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage