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Naval warfare | A Wisdom Archive on Naval warfare | | Naval warfare A selection of articles related to Naval warfare | |
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naval warfare
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Naval warfare | | | |  Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Aviation in World War I - Up to 1914: The Early Years of War
Aviation in World War I - The Dawn of Air Combat.
Early in the war, canvas-and-wood aircraft were used primarily as mobile observation vehicles. This was a big improvement over the slow, vulnerable Zeppelin and the immobile observation balloon. These observation aircraft provided detailed positions of the enemy in the ground war below, but there was still no thought of a separate air war. Because of this, enemy pilots at first simply exchanged waves. This later progressed to throwing bricks, grenades and sometime ...
See also:Aviation in World War I, Aviation in World War I - Up to 1914: The Early Years of War, Aviation in World War I - The Dawn of Air Combat, Aviation in World War I - Technology Improvements, Aviation in World War I - Aircraft, Aviation in World War I - Problems Mounting Machine Guns, Aviation in World War I - 1915: The Fokker Scourge, Aviation in World War I - April 1917: Bloody April, Aviation in World War I - Up To 1918: The Final Years of War, Aviation in World War I - Anti-Aircraft Weaponry, Aviation in World War I - Bombers, Aviation in World War I - Notable Aces, Aviation in World War I - Notable Aircraft, Aviation in World War I - Main articles, Aviation in World War I - Other articles Read more here: » Aviation in World War I: Encyclopedia II - Aviation in World War I - Up to 1914: The Early Years of War |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - World War I - The Last Half of the War Events of 1917 would prove decisive in ending the war, although their effects would not fully be felt until 1918. The Entente's naval blockade of Germany began to have serious impact on morale and productivity on the German home-front. In response, in February 1917, the German General Staff (OHL) were able to convince Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg to declare unrestricted submarine warfare, with the goal of starving Britain out of the war. Tonnage sunk rose above 500,000 tons per month from February until July, peaking at 860,000 t ...
See also:World War I, World War I - Introduction, World War I - Causes, World War I - Reasons and responsibilities, World War I - Participants in World War I, World War I - Opening hostilities, World War I - Early stages: from romanticism to the Western Front trenches, World War I - Hopes and fears, World War I - Trench warfare begins, World War I - Southern theatres, World War I - Ottoman Empire, World War I - Italian participation, World War I - The War in the Balkans, World War I - The Eastern Front, World War I - Initial Actions, World War I - The Russian Revolution, World War I - The Last Half of the War, World War I - Entry of the United States, World War I - German Spring Offensive of 1918, World War I - Entente’s victory, World War I - End of the war, World War I - Economics of war, World War I - Social effects, World War I - Technology, World War I - Aftermath, World War I - Casualties, World War I - Social trauma, World War I - Other names, World War I - Quotations, World War I - Dramatisations, World War I - Main articles, World War I - Media Read more here: » World War I: Encyclopedia II - World War I - The Last Half of the War |
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| | | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Ancient warfare - Overview The difference between prehistoric and ancient warfare is less one of technology than of organization. The development of first city-states, and then empires, allowed warfare to change dramatically. Beginning in Mesopotamia, states produced sufficient agricultural surplus that full-time ruling elites and military commanders could emerge. While the bulk of military forces were still farmers, the society could support having them campaigning rather than working the land for a portion of each year. Thus, or ...
See also:Ancient warfare, Ancient warfare - Overview, Ancient warfare - Chariots, Ancient warfare - Infantry, Ancient warfare - Cavalry, Ancient warfare - Naval warfare, Ancient warfare - Tactics and weapons, Ancient warfare - Strategy, Ancient warfare - Tactics, Ancient warfare - Weapons, Ancient warfare - Sieges, Ancient warfare - Cultures, Ancient warfare - Chinese, Ancient warfare - Persian, Ancient warfare - Egyptian, Ancient warfare - Germanic, Ancient warfare - Greek, Ancient warfare - Indus Valley, Ancient warfare - Japanese, Ancient warfare - Roman, Ancient warfare - Important ancient wars, Ancient warfare - Important ancient battles, Ancient warfare - Unit types, Ancient warfare - Sources Read more here: » Ancient warfare: Encyclopedia II - Ancient warfare - Overview |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Aftermath of World War I - Geopolitical and economic consequences
Aftermath of World War I - Revolutions.
Perhaps the single most important event precipitated by the privations of the war was the Russian Revolution of 1917. Socialist and explicitly Communist uprisings also occurred in many other European countries from 1917 onwards, notably in Germany and Hungary.
As a result of the Bolsheviks' failure to cede territory, German and Austrian forces defeated the Russian armies, and the new communist government signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in March 1918. In that treat ...
See also:Aftermath of World War I, Aftermath of World War I - Blockade of Germany, Aftermath of World War I - Treaty of Versailles, Aftermath of World War I - Influenza pandemic, Aftermath of World War I - Geopolitical and economic consequences, Aftermath of World War I - Revolutions, Aftermath of World War I - Germany, Aftermath of World War I - Russia, Aftermath of World War I - Austro-Hungarian Empire, Aftermath of World War I - Ottoman Empire, Aftermath of World War I - United Kingdom, Aftermath of World War I - United States, Aftermath of World War I - France, Aftermath of World War I - Social trauma, Aftermath of World War I - Remains of ammunition, Aftermath of World War I - War memorials, Aftermath of World War I - Resources, Aftermath of World War I - Main articles Read more here: » Aftermath of World War I: Encyclopedia II - Aftermath of World War I - Geopolitical and economic consequences |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - War - Causes of war There is great debate over why wars happen, even when most people do not want them to. Representatives of many different academic disciplines have attempted to explain war.
War - Historical theories.
Historians tend to be reluctant to look for sweeping explanations for all wars. A. J. P. Taylor famously described wars as being like traffic accidents. There are some conditions and situations that make them more likely but there can be no system for predicting where and when each one will occur. Social scien ...
See also:War, War - History of war, War - Morality of war, War - Limitations on war, War - Redefining war for legal reasons, War - Causes of war, War - Historical theories, War - Psychological theories, War - Anthropological theories, War - Sociological theories, War - Malthusian theories, War - Information theories, War - Economic theories, War - Marxist theories, War - Types of war and warfare, War - Geographic warfare Read more here: » War: Encyclopedia II - War - Causes of war |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - World War I casualties - Casualties by country
World War I casualties - Table sources.
Please note that casualty numbers are debated.
The main source used for military deaths & wounded (unless stated otherwise in the footnotes below) is:
Everett, Susan, History of World War I, (page 248), Bison Books, 1980.
The main source used for civilian deaths (unless stated otherwise in the footnotes below) is:
Tucker, Spencer C. The European Powers in the First World War: ...
See also:World War I casualties, World War I casualties - Debated numbers, World War I casualties - Casualties by country, World War I casualties - Table sources, World War I casualties - Main articles, World War I casualties - Other Read more here: » World War I casualties: Encyclopedia II - World War I casualties - Casualties by country |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - World War I - The Last Half of the War Events of 1917 would prove decisive in ending the war, although their effects would not be fully felt until 1918. The Entente's naval blockade of Germany began to have a serious impact on morale and productivity on the German home-front. In response, in February 1917, the German General Staff (OHL) were able to convince Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg to declare unrestricted submarine warfare, with the goal of starving Britain out of the war. Tonnage sunk rose above 500,000 tons per month from February until July, peaking at 860,000 ...
See also:World War I, World War I - Introduction, World War I - Causes, World War I - Reasons and responsibilities, World War I - Participants in World War I, World War I - Opening hostilities, World War I - Early stages: from romanticism to the Western Front trenches, World War I - Hopes and fears, World War I - Trench warfare begins, World War I - Southern theatres, World War I - Ottoman Empire, World War I - Italian participation, World War I - The War in the Balkans, World War I - The Eastern Front, World War I - Initial Actions, World War I - The Russian Revolution, World War I - The Last Half of the War, World War I - Entry of the United States, World War I - German Spring Offensive of 1918, World War I - Entente’s victory, World War I - End of the war, World War I - Economics of war, World War I - Social effects, World War I - Technology, World War I - Aftermath, World War I - Casualties, World War I - Social trauma, World War I - Other names, World War I - Quotations, World War I - Dramatisations, World War I - Main articles, World War I - Media Read more here: » World War I: Encyclopedia II - World War I - The Last Half of the War |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Causes of World War I - Structural or Systemic Causes Some of the causes of the war lie in the structure of European society at the time, and the way it functioned.
Causes of World War I - Unifications of Germany and Italy.
In the years that followed the Congress of Vienna, conflicts began springing up all over Europe between those who cried out for change, and those who resisted it. By the mid-1800s, nationalism had become an evident force. A wave of unrest was seen across the continent in the Revolution of 1848. The 1860s and early 1870s saw two great chang ...
See also:Causes of World War I, Causes of World War I - Ideological causes, Causes of World War I - The Rise of Nationalist Sentiment, Causes of World War I - Social Darwinism, Causes of World War I - German Domestic Politics, Causes of World War I - Structural or Systemic Causes, Causes of World War I - Unifications of Germany and Italy, Causes of World War I - Changes in Austria, Causes of World War I - Material causes, Causes of World War I - Colonial Expansion, Causes of World War I - Web of alliances, Causes of World War I - Over by Christmas, Causes of World War I - Incompetence, Causes of World War I - Primacy of the Offensive and War by Timetable, Causes of World War I - Communication Issues, Causes of World War I - Specific Events, Causes of World War I - The Congress of Vienna, Causes of World War I - The Franco–Prussian War 1870–1, Causes of World War I - The Rise of Kaiser Wilhelm II, Causes of World War I - Anglo–German Naval Race, Causes of World War I - Berlin-Baghdad Railway, Causes of World War I - Historiography, Causes of World War I - Sources, Causes of World War I - External link Read more here: » Causes of World War I: Encyclopedia II - Causes of World War I - Structural or Systemic Causes |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Caucasus Campaign - The First Year The chief war aim of the Ottoman government was the recovery of their former lands in Eastern Anatolia which they had lost due to the Russo-Turkish_War,_1877-78. The war minister Enver Pasha, ignoring advice from their German allies, within a month of declaring war launched an attack on this territory. Placing himself in personal command of the 3rd Army he ordered it into battle against the Russian troops. Enver Pasha's army was very large (estimates range from 100,000 to 190,000 men) but poorly equipped especi ...
See also:Caucasus Campaign, Caucasus Campaign - The First Year, Caucasus Campaign - 1916, Caucasus Campaign - 1918, Caucasus Campaign - Battles of the Caucasus Campaign, Caucasus Campaign - Sources Read more here: » Caucasus Campaign: Encyclopedia II - Caucasus Campaign - The First Year |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - World War I - The Last Half of the War Events of 1917 would prove decisive in ending the war, although their effects would not fully be felt until 1918. The Entente's naval blockade of Germany began to have serious impact on morale and productivity on the German home-front. In response, in February 1917, the German General Staff (OHL) were able to convince Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg to declare unrestricted submarine warfare, with the goal of starving Britain out of the war. Tonnage sunk rose above 500,000 tons per month from February until July, peaking at 860,000 t ...
See also:World War I, World War I - Introduction, World War I - Causes, World War I - Reasons and responsibilities, World War I - Participants in World War I, World War I - Opening hostilities, World War I - Early stages: from romanticism to the Western Front trenches, World War I - Hopes and fears, World War I - Trench warfare begins, World War I - Southern theatres, World War I - Ottoman Empire, World War I - Italian participation, World War I - The War in the Balkans, World War I - The Eastern Front, World War I - Initial Actions, World War I - The Russian Revolution, World War I - The Last Half of the War, World War I - Entry of the United States, World War I - German Spring Offensive of 1918, World War I - Entente’s victory, World War I - End of the war, World War I - Economics of war, World War I - Social effects, World War I - Technology, World War I - Aftermath, World War I - Casualties, World War I - Social trauma, World War I - Other names, World War I - Quotations, World War I - Dramatizations, World War I - Main articles, World War I - Media Read more here: » World War I: Encyclopedia II - World War I - The Last Half of the War |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - 1915 - Stalemate Between the coast and the Vosges was an outward-bulge in the trench line, named the Noyon salient for the captured French town at maximum point of advance near Compiègne. Joffre's plan of attack for 1915 was to attack this salient on both flanks in order to cut it off.[1]
The British would form the northern attack force by pressing eastward in Artois, while the French attacked north in Champagne. These wer ...
See also:Western Front World War I, Western Front World War I - 1914 - German invasion of France and Belgium, Western Front World War I - 1915 - Stalemate, Western Front World War I - 1916 - Artillery duels and attrition, Western Front World War I - 1917 - Commonwealth takes the lead, Western Front World War I - 1918 - Final offensives, Western Front World War I - Consequences, Western Front World War I - Dramatizations, Western Front World War I - Notes Read more here: » Western Front World War I: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - 1915 - Stalemate |
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| | | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Modern naval tactics - ASW operations Submarines are the greatest threat to offensive CVBG operations. The stealth of modern submarines (anechoic coatings, sound-dampening equipment mountings, hydrodynamic design, etc.), can allow a submarine extremely close to a HVU target. The move towards shallow-water operations has greatly increased this threat. The threat is such that even the suspicion of a submarine means a fleet must commit resources to removing it, as the possible consequences of an undetected submarine are too serious to ignore.
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See also:Modern naval tactics, Modern naval tactics - Order of engagement, Modern naval tactics - Fleet formation, Modern naval tactics - Detection and electronic warfare, Modern naval tactics - ASW operations, Modern naval tactics - Sonar operation, Modern naval tactics - The ASW triad, Modern naval tactics - AAW operations, Modern naval tactics - Airborne early warning, Modern naval tactics - The outer air battle, Modern naval tactics - The inner air battle, Modern naval tactics - ASuW operations Read more here: » Modern naval tactics: Encyclopedia II - Modern naval tactics - ASW operations |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - World War I - Opening battles Some of the very first actions of the war occurred far from Europe, in Africa and in the Pacific Ocean. On August 8 1914 a combined French and British Empire force invaded the German protectorate of Togoland. On August 10 German forces based in South-West Africa attacked South Africa. New Zealand occupied German Samoa (30 August 1914) and on September 11 the Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force landed on the island of Neu Pommern, which formed part of German New Guinea. Within a few months the Entente forces had accepted the surrender of or driven out German forces in the Pacific. Sporadic and fierce fighting co ...
See also:World War I, World War I - Causes, World War I - Reasons & Responsibilities, World War I - Opening battles, World War I - Early stages: from romanticism to the trenches, World War I - Trench warfare begins, World War I - Southern theatres, World War I - Ottoman Empire, World War I - Italian participation, World War I - The War in the Balkans, World War I - The Eastern Front, World War I - The Russian Revolution, World War I - The Last Half, World War I - Entry of the United States, World War I - German Spring Offensive of 1918, World War I - Entente’s victory, World War I - End of the war, World War I - Economics of War, World War I - Social effects, World War I - Technology, World War I - Aftermath, World War I - Casualties, World War I - Other names, World War I - Quotations, World War I - Dramatizations, World War I - See Also, World War I - Main articles, World War I - Media Read more here: » World War I: Encyclopedia II - World War I - Opening battles |
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| | | | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Sinai and Palestine Campaign - Palestine campaign The British army in Egypt was ordered to go on the offensive against the Ottoman Turks in Palestine. In part this was to support the Arab revolt which had started early in 1916, in part this was to try and acomplish something positive after the years of fruitless battles on the Western Front. The British commander in Egypt, Sir Archibald Murray, suggested that he needed more troops and ships, but this request was refused.
The Ottoman forces were holding a rough line from the fort at Gaza, on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea, to the ...
See also:Sinai and Palestine Campaign, Sinai and Palestine Campaign - Sinai campaign, Sinai and Palestine Campaign - Palestine campaign, Sinai and Palestine Campaign - The Final Year: Palestine and Syria, Sinai and Palestine Campaign - Summary, Sinai and Palestine Campaign - Sources Read more here: » Sinai and Palestine Campaign: Encyclopedia II - Sinai and Palestine Campaign - Palestine campaign |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - World War I - Early stages: from romanticism to the trenches The perception of war in 1914 was romanticized by many people, and its declaration was met with great enthusiasm by these people. The common view was that it would be a short war of manoeuvre with a few sharp actions (to "teach the enemy a lesson") and would end with a victorious entry into the enemy capital, then home for a victory parade or two and back to "normal" life. Many thought it would have finished by Christmas of that year. However, many people regarded the coming war with great pessimism and worry. Many military figures, such as ...
See also:World War I, World War I - Causes, World War I - Reasons & Responsibilities, World War I - Opening battles, World War I - Early stages: from romanticism to the trenches, World War I - Trench warfare begins, World War I - Southern theatres, World War I - Ottoman Empire, World War I - Italian participation, World War I - The War in the Balkans, World War I - The Eastern Front, World War I - The Russian Revolution, World War I - The Last Half, World War I - Entry of the United States, World War I - German Spring Offensive of 1918, World War I - Entente’s victory, World War I - End of the war, World War I - Economics of War, World War I - Social effects, World War I - Technology, World War I - Aftermath, World War I - Casualties, World War I - Other names, World War I - Quotations, World War I - Dramatizations, World War I - See Also, World War I - Main articles, World War I - Media Read more here: » World War I: Encyclopedia II - World War I - Early stages: from romanticism to the trenches |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - 1914 - German invasion of France and Belgium At the outbreak of the First World War, the German army executed a modified version of the Schlieffen Plan, quickly attacking France through Belgium on August 4, 1914. Luxembourg had been occupied without opposition on August 2. The first battle in Belgium was the Siege of Liège which lasted from August 5 to August 16. Liège was well fortified and surprised the German army under von Bülow with its level of resistance. Following the fall of Liège most of the Belgian army retreated to Antwerp and Namur. Although the German army bypassed Antwerp, it remained a threat to thei ...
See also:Western Front World War I, Western Front World War I - 1914 - German invasion of France and Belgium, Western Front World War I - 1915 - Stalemate, Western Front World War I - 1916 - Artillery duels and attrition, Western Front World War I - 1917 - Commonwealth takes the lead, Western Front World War I - 1918 - Final offensives, Western Front World War I - Consequences, Western Front World War I - Dramatizations, Western Front World War I - Notes Read more here: » Western Front World War I: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - 1914 - German invasion of France and Belgium |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - 1916 - Artillery duels and attrition The German Chief of Staff, Erich von Falkenhayn, believed that although a breakthrough might no longer be possible, the French could be defeated if they suffered enough casualties. He planned to attack a position from which the French could not retreat, for both strategic reasons and reasons of national pride, and so trap the French into a bad situation the town of Verdun was chosen for this because it was surrounded by a ring of forts, was an important stronghol ...
See also:Western Front World War I, Western Front World War I - 1914 - German invasion of France and Belgium, Western Front World War I - 1915 - Stalemate, Western Front World War I - 1916 - Artillery duels and attrition, Western Front World War I - 1917 - Commonwealth takes the lead, Western Front World War I - 1918 - Final offensives, Western Front World War I - Consequences, Western Front World War I - Dramatizations, Western Front World War I - Notes Read more here: » Western Front World War I: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - 1916 - Artillery duels and attrition |
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| | | | | Naval warfare: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - Consequences The war along the western front led to the surrender of the German goverment and its allies, in spite of German success elsewhere. As a result the terms of the peace were effectively dictated by France, Britain and the United States, with input from the other allies, during the 1919 Paris Peace Conference. The result was the Treaty of Versailles, signed in June, 1919. The original terms of the treaty would effectively cripple Germany as an economic and military power, so the military delegation refused to sign. Instead it w ...
See also:Western Front World War I, Western Front World War I - 1914 - German invasion of France and Belgium, Western Front World War I - 1915 - Stalemate, Western Front World War I - 1916 - Artillery duels and attrition, Western Front World War I - 1917 - Commonwealth takes the lead, Western Front World War I - 1918 - Final offensives, Western Front World War I - Consequences, Western Front World War I - Dramatizations, Western Front World War I - Notes Read more here: » Western Front World War I: Encyclopedia II - Western Front World War I - Consequences |
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