In 1988, the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh, a predominantly ethnic Armenian enclave within Soviet Azerbaijan, voted to secede and join Armenia. This secession eventually developed into a full-scale armed conflict, when Azerbaijan responded with force and Armenian pogroms in Sumgait, Baku, Gance and other cities. Armenian support for the Karabakh Armenians led to an economic embargo by Azerbaijan, which has crippled Armenia's ...

See also:

Foreign relations of Armenia, Foreign relations of Armenia - Nagorno-Karabakh, Foreign relations of Armenia - Armenian Genocide Recognition, Foreign relations of Armenia - Reference

Read more here: » Foreign relations of Armenia: Encyclopedia II - Foreign relations of Armenia - Nagorno-Karabakh

The struggle over Nagorno-Karabakh escalated after both Armenia and Azerbaijan attained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. In the post-Soviet power vacuum, military action between Azerbaijan and Armenia was heavily influenced by the Russian military. It is alleged that Russian military forces inspired and manipulated the rivalry between the two neighbouring nations, providing weapons to both sides in order to keep both under control (a strategy known as d ...

See also:

Nagorno-Karabakh, Nagorno-Karabakh - Name, Nagorno-Karabakh - Geography, Nagorno-Karabakh - From origins to 1917, Nagorno-Karabakh - Soviet era, Nagorno-Karabakh - Post-Soviet era, Nagorno-Karabakh - UN Security Council Resolutions, Nagorno-Karabakh - From an Armenian perspective, Nagorno-Karabakh - From an Azeri perspective

Read more here: » Nagorno-Karabakh: Encyclopedia II - Nagorno-Karabakh - Post-Soviet era

The struggle over Nagorno-Karabakh escalated after both Armenia and Azerbaijan attained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. In the post-Soviet power vacuum, military action between Azerbaijan and Armenia was heavily influenced by the Russian military. It is alleged that Russian military forces inspired and manipulated the rivalry between the two neighbouring nations, providing weapons to both sides in order to keep both under control. Extensive Russian military support was exposed by the Head of the Standing Commission of the Russian ...

See also:

Nagorno-Karabakh, Nagorno-Karabakh - Name, Nagorno-Karabakh - Geography, Nagorno-Karabakh - From origins to 1917, Nagorno-Karabakh - Soviet era, Nagorno-Karabakh - Post-Soviet era

Read more here: » Nagorno-Karabakh: Encyclopedia II - Nagorno-Karabakh - Post-Soviet era

Nagorno-Karabakh - From origins to 1917. The region of Nagorno-Karabakh falls within the lands occupied by peoples known to modern archaeologists as the Kura-Araxes culture, who lived between the two rivers bearing those names. Little is known of the ancient history of the region, primarily because of the scarcity of historical sources. Local traditions are held by many peoples in the area that those two river valleys were among the first ever to be settled by Noah's descendants ^{See also:}

Nagorno-Karabakh, Nagorno-Karabakh - Name, Nagorno-Karabakh - Geography, Nagorno-Karabakh - Regions, Nagorno-Karabakh - History, Nagorno-Karabakh - From origins to 1917, Nagorno-Karabakh - Soviet era, Nagorno-Karabakh - Post-Soviet era

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The Republic of Armenia, or Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստան, Hayastan, Հայք, Hayq), is a landlocked country in the southern Caucasus, between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east and Iran (Persia) and the Nakhichevan exclave of Azerbaijan to the south. Armenia is a member of the Council of Europe and the Commonwe ...

Including:

• Armenia - Origin of the name
• Armenia - History
• Armenia - Politics
• Armenia - Administrative Provinces
• Armenia - Geography
• Armenia - Economy
• Armenia - Demographics
• Armenia - Culture
• Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline (sometimes abbreviated as BTC pipeline) transports crude oil 1,760 km (1,093 miles) from the Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli oil field in the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. It passes through Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan; Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia; and Ceyhan, a port on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey, hence its name. It is the second longest oil pipeline in the world (the longest being the Druzhba pipeline from Russia to central Europe). Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pi ...

Including:

• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Planning
• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Construction
• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Extensions to other sources
• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Controversial aspects
• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Politics
• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Environment
• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Miscellanea
• Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Reference

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The original Armenian name for the country was Hayq, later Hayastan, translated as the land of Haik, and consisting of the name Haik and the Persian suffix '-stan' (land). According to legend, Haik was a great-great-grandson of Noah (son of Togarmah, who was a son of Gomer, a son of Noah's son, Japheth), and according to Christian tradition, a forefather of all Armenians. He is said to have settled below Mount Ararat, travelled to assist in building the Tower of Babel, and, after his return, defeated the Assyrian ki ...

See also:

Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The European Union. Main articles: Accession of Turkey to the European Union, and [[{{{2}}}]], and [[{{{3}}}]], and [[{{{4}}}]]See also:

Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Policies, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The European Union, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The Balkans, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Southern Caucaus, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Afghanistan, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Organizations, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - NATO, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Trade blocs, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Disputes, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - WWI Armenian issue, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Border dispute with Armenia, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Territorial dispute with Greece, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Cyprus, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Illicit drugs, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Source

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The original Armenian name for the country was Hayq, later Hayastan, translated as the land of Haik, and consisting of the name Haik and the Persian suffix '-stan' (land). According to legend, Haik was a great-great-grandson of Noah (son of Togarmah, who was a son of Gomer, a son of Noah's son, Japheth), and according to an ancient Armenian tradition, a forefather of all Armenians. He is said to have settled below Mount Ararat, travelled to assist in building the Tower of Babel, and, after his return, defeated the Babylo ...

See also:

Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Armenia: Encyclopedia II - Armenia - Origin of the name

Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Politics. Even before its completion, the BTC pipeline was affecting the world's oil politics. The South Caucasus, previously seen as Russia's backyard, is now a region of great strategic significance to other great powers. The U.S. and other Western nations have consequently become much more closely involved in the affairs of the three nations through which oil will flow. Some have criticised this degree of involvement, arguing that it has led to an unhealthy dependence on undemocr ...

See also:

Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Planning, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Construction, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Extensions to other sources, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Controversial aspects, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Politics, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Environment, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Miscellanea, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline - Reference

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The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region in Eurasia bordered on the south by Anatolia (Turkey) and Iran in Asia, on the west by the Black Sea, on the east by the Caspian Sea, and on the north by the European portion of Russia. Caucasia includes the Caucasus Mountains and surrounding lowlands. The Caucasus Mountains are commonly reckoned as a dividing line between Asia and Europe, and territories in Caucasia are variably considered to be in one or both continents; for example, the Persian name for the region (harking of Asiat ...

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Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The European Union. Main articles: Accession of Turkey to the European Union, and [[]], and [[]], and [ ...

See also:

Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Policies, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The European Union, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - U.S. and Israel, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The Balkans, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Southern Caucaus, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Afghanistan, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Organizations, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - NATO, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Trade blocs, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Disputes, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - WWI Armenian issue, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Border dispute with Armenia, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Territorial dispute with Greece, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Cyprus, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Illicit drugs, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Source

Read more here: » Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey: Encyclopedia II - Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Policies

Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - WWI Armenian issue. For more details on this topic, see Armenian Genocide. Turkey's disputes with Armenia date back to the times of the Ottoman Empire, when friction between Turks and Armenians living in Ottoman territory led to deaths on both sides. The most infamous incident was during the First World War in 1915, when hundreds of thousands of Armenians were deported from eastern Anatolia, where Turkey was fighting Russia, to mod ...

See also:

Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Policies, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The European Union, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - U.S. and Israel, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - The Balkans, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Southern Caucaus, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Afghanistan, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Organizations, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - NATO, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Trade blocs, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Disputes, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - WWI Armenian issue, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Border dispute with Armenia, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Territorial dispute with Greece, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Cyprus, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Illicit drugs, Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Source

Read more here: » Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey: Encyclopedia II - Foreign relations of Republic of Turkey - Disputes

Armenian may refer to: Armenia, a country, former Soviet Republic in the Caucasus The Armenian people The Armenian language The Armenian alphabet The Armenian Apostolic Church The Armenian Quarter of Jerusalem The Armenian Genocide Nagorno-Karabakh Armenian numerals Other related archivesArmenia, Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian Genocide, Armenian Quarter, Armenian alphabet, Armenian language, Armen

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Asia is the largest and most populous of the Earth's continents. It is traditionally defined as part of the landmass of Africa-Eurasia lying east of the Suez Canal, east of the Ural Mountains, and southeast of the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian and Black Seas. About 60 percent of the world's human population lives in Asia, of whom only 2 percent live in the northern and interior half (Siberia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, western Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan) ...

Including:

• Asia - Etymology
• Asia - Geographical Regions
• Asia - Central Asia
• Asia - East Asia or Far East
• Asia - North Asia
• Asia - South Asia or Indian Subcontinent
• Asia - Southeast Asia
• Asia - Southwest Asia or Middle East or West Asia
• Asia - Economy
• Asia - Natural resources
• Asia - Manufacturing
• Asia - Financial and other services
• Asia - Early history
• Asia - Population density
• Asia - Religion

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Armenia is a landlocked country in the southern Caucasus. Located between the Black and Caspian Seas, Armenia is bordered on the north and east by Georgia and Azerbaijan, and on the south and west by Iran and Turkey. Though geographically in Western Asia, politically and culturally Armenia is closely aligned with Europe. Historically, Armenia has been at the crossroads between Europe and Southwest Asia, and is therefore seen as a transcontinental nation. The Republic of Armenia, covering an area of 30,000 sq km, is locat ...

See also:

Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Armenia: Encyclopedia II - Armenia - Geography

Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan) is a country in the Caucasus, at the crossroads of Europe and Southwest Asia, with a coast on the Caspian Sea. It has frontiers with Russia in the north, Georgia in the northwest, Armenia in the west and southeast and southwest, and Iran in the south. The Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic (an exclave of Azerbaijan) borders Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest. The country’s formal name is the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azər ...

Including:

• Azerbaijan - Etymology
• Azerbaijan - History
• Azerbaijan - Politics
• Azerbaijan - Subdivisions
• Azerbaijan - Geography
• Azerbaijan - Economy
• Azerbaijan - Demographics
• Azerbaijan - Culture
• Azerbaijan - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Azerbaijan: Encyclopedia - Azerbaijan

Caucasian Albania (or Aghbania) was an ancient empire that covered what is now southern Dagestan and most of today's Azerbaijan of the Caucasus. For much of its history, the Azerbaijani are the descendants of Caucasian Albania. Caucasian Albania - Ancient population of Aghbania. Aran was a legendary ancestor and the eponym of the Albanians (Aghvan). Caucasian Albanians were one of the Ibero-Caucasian peoples, the ancient and indigenous population of modern southern Dagestan and Azerbaijan. The Mannae ...

Including:

• Caucasian Albania - Ancient population of Aghbania
• Caucasian Albania - Creation of the Caucasian Albanian kingdom and its regions
• Caucasian Albania - Caucasian Albania and Armenian conquests
• Caucasian Albania - Spreading of Christianity in Caucasian Albania
• Caucasian Albania - Dissolution of the Albanian kingdom
• Caucasian Albania - Albanian Alphabet and Language
• Caucasian Albania - Literature

Read more here: » Caucasian Albania: Encyclopedia - Caucasian Albania

The year 1985 marked the accession of Mikhail Gorbachev to the position of General Secretary of the Soviet Union following the death of Konstantin Chernenko. Despite efforts to introduce concepts such as glasnost (political openness) and perestroika (economic restructuring), Gorbachev found himself presiding over a declining empire. The Union faced opposition abroad through the Western assumption of military superiority and the internal struggle within the restless republics led by Boris Yeltsin that asserted sovereignity. A fa ...

Including:

• History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991 - The rise of Gorbachev and reform
• History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991 - Yeltsin and the dissolution of the USSR
• History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991 - The August Coup
• History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991 - Formation of the CIS
• History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991 - Summary
• History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991 - Post-Soviet restructuring

Read more here: » History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991: Encyclopedia - History of the Soviet Union 1985-1991

Others Election results Flags and national flag Military: see in armed force Music National anthems National cultures National leaders National legislatures Intelligence agencies All topics Airlines Authors Battles Cathedrals Cemeteries Cities Colleges and universities Companies Education Incumbents Islands Light-rail transit ...

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• List of countries - Entities included in this article
• List of countries - List of countries
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• List of countries - Countries
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