Geometrically, the swastika can be regarded as an irregular icosagon or 20-sided polygon. The arms are of varying width and are often rectilinear (but need not be). However, the proportions of the Nazi swastika were fixed: they were based on a 5x5 grid.[7] Characteristic is the 90° rotational symmetry (that is, the symmetry of the cyclic group C4h) and chirality, hence the absence of reflectional symmetry, and the existence o ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Comet/bird hypothesis, Swastika - Early Hinduism, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Britain, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Russia, Swastika - Poland, Swastika - Finland, Swastika - Sweden, Swastika - Latvia, Swastika - Icelandic, Swastika - Ireland, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Popular culture and media, Swastika - Notes

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According to most copy editors and English teachers, the numbers zero through nine should be "written out" – meaning instead of "1" and "2", one would write "one" and "two". Example: "I have two apples." (Preferred) Example: "I have 2 apples." After "nine", one can head straight back into the 10, 11, 12, etc., although some write out the numbers until "twelve". Example: "I have ...

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Names of numbers in English, Names of numbers in English - Cardinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Specialised numbers, Names of numbers in English - Ordinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Dates, Names of numbers in English - Fractions and decimals, Names of numbers in English - Whether to use digits or words, Names of numbers in English - Empty numbers, Names of numbers in English - Usage notes

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The earliest swastika-like symbols preserved appear on pottery dating to the 5th millennium BC, as part of the "Vinca script". Pottery dating to ca. 2000 BC found at Sintashta is also decorated with the swastika symbol [3]. Swastika-like symbols also appear in Bronze and Iron Age designs of the northern Caucasus (Koban culture), and Azerbayjan, as well as of Scythians and Sarmatians [4]. In all these cultures, the swastika symbol does not appear to occupy any marked position or significance, but appears as just one form of a series of si ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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The word swastika is derived from the Sanskrit svastika (in Devanagari, स्वस्तिक), meaning any lucky or auspicious object, and in particular a mark made on persons and things to denote good luck. It is composed of su- (cognate with Greek ευ-), meaning "good, well" and asti a verbal abstract to the root as "to be"; See also:

Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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The swastika is a holy symbol in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. In the West, it is more widely known as symbol of Nazism. The motif seems to have first been used by early inhabitants of Eurasia. However, it was also adopted in Native American cultures, seemingly independently. The swastika is now used universally in religious and civil ceremonies in India. Most Indian temples, wedding, festivals and celebrations are decorated with swastikas. The symbol was introduced to Southeast Asia by Hindu kings and remains an integral part of Ba ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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Geometrically, the swastika can be regarded as an irregular icosagon or 20-sided polygon. The arms are of varying width and are often rectilinear (but need not be). However, the proportions of the Nazi swastika were fixed: they were based on a 5x5 grid.[6] Characteristic is the 90° rotational symmetry (that is, the symmetry of the cyclic group C4h) and chirality, hence the absence of reflectional symmetry, and the existence o ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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The swastika is common as a design motif in current Hindu architecture and Indian artwork as well as in ancient Western architecture, frequently appearing in mosaics, friezes, and other works across the ancient world. Ancient Greek architectural designs are replete with interlinking swastika motifs. Related symbols in classical Western architecture include the cross, the three-legged triskele or triskelion and the rounded lauburu. The swastika symbol is also known in these contexts by a number of names, especially gammadion. Pictish r ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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The National Socialist German Workers Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) formally adopted the swastika or Hakenkreuz (hooked cross) in 1920. This was used on the party's flag (right), badge, and armband. (It had been used unofficially by the NSDAP and its predecessor, the German Workers Party, Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (DAP), however.) In Mein Kampf, Adolf Hitler wrote: I myself, meanwhile, after innumerable attempts, had laid down a final form; a ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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The British author Rudyard Kipling, who was strongly influenced by Indian culture, had a swastika on the dust jackets of all his books until the rise of Nazism made this inappropriate. One of Kipling's Just So Stories, "The Crab That Played With The Sea", had an elaborate full-page illustration by Kipling including a stone bearing what was called "a magic mark" (a swastika); some later editions of the stories blotted out th ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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Because of its use by Hitler and the Nazis and, in modern times, by neo-Nazis and other hate groups, for many people in the West, the swastika is associated primarily with Nazism, fascism, and white supremacy in general. Hence, outside historical contexts, it has become taboo in Western countries. For example, the German postwar criminal code makes the public showing of the Hakenkreuz (the swastika) and other Nazi symbol ...

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Swastika, Swastika - Overview, Swastika - Etymology and alternative names, Swastika - History, Swastika - Adoption of the swastika in the West, Swastika - Geometry and symbolism, Swastika - Sauwastika, Swastika - Art and architecture, Swastika - Religion and mythology, Swastika - Hinduism, Swastika - Buddhism, Swastika - Jainism, Swastika - The Abrahamic religions, Swastika - Other Asian traditions, Swastika - Native American traditions, Swastika - Pre-Christian European traditions, Swastika - Asatru, Swastika - Early 20th century, Swastika - Europe, Swastika - North America, Swastika - Nazi Germany, Swastika - Taboo in Western countries, Swastika - Apperance in Media

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Just like Ancient Englishman used the Roman numerals for doing mathematics or commerce, Ancient Chinese used the rod numerals which is a positional system. The huāmǎ system is a variation of the rod numeral system. Rod numerals are closely related to the counting rods and the abacus, which is why the numeric symbols for 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8 in the huāmǎ system are represented in a similar way as on the abacus. Nowadays, the huāmǎ system is only used for displaying prices in Chinese markets or on traditional h ...

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Chinese numerals, Chinese numerals - Written numbers, Chinese numerals - Numeral characters, Chinese numerals - Constructing numbers, Chinese numerals - Large number systems, Chinese numerals - SI prefixes, Chinese numerals - Suzhou 蘇州 or huāmǎ 花碼 numerals, Chinese numerals - Hand gestures, Chinese numerals - Miscellaneous

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Here are some common fractions: Alternatively, and for greater numbers, one may say for 1/2 "one over two", for 5/8 "five over eight", and so on. Numbers with a decimal point may be read as a cardinal number, then "and", then another cardinal number followed by an indication of the significance of the second cardinal number, or as a cardinal number, followed by "point", and then by the digits of the fractional part. The indication of significance takes the form of the denominator of the fraction indicating division by the small ...

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Names of numbers in English, Names of numbers in English - Cardinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Specialised numbers, Names of numbers in English - Ordinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Dates, Names of numbers in English - Fractions and decimals, Names of numbers in English - Whether to use digits or words, Names of numbers in English - Empty numbers, Names of numbers in English - Usage notes

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Years before 2000 are read as follows: The year 2000 is read "two thousand". Years after 2000 have no set system as of yet for expressing them; however, the second form of zeroth-decade year pronunciation is more common (that is, 2003 to be said as "two thousand (and) three"), and post-2010 dates are often said as normal (2010 would be "twenty ten"). Note that years are exceedingly rarely read as ordinal numbers, as "[...] in the one thousand one hundred and ninety-seventh year of our Lord" (that is, 1197), and this is c ...

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Names of numbers in English, Names of numbers in English - Cardinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Specialised numbers, Names of numbers in English - Ordinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Dates, Names of numbers in English - Fractions and decimals, Names of numbers in English - Whether to use digits or words, Names of numbers in English - Empty numbers, Names of numbers in English - Usage notes

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Colloquial English has a small vocabulary of empty numbers that can be employed when there is uncertainty as to the precise number to use, but it is desirable to define a general range: specifically, the terms "umpteen", "umpty", and "zillion". These are derived etymologically from the range affixes: "-teen" (designating the range as being between 10 and 20) "-ty" (designating the range as being in one of the decades between 20 and 100) "-illion" (designating the range as being above 1,0 ...

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Names of numbers in English, Names of numbers in English - Cardinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Specialised numbers, Names of numbers in English - Ordinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Dates, Names of numbers in English - Fractions and decimals, Names of numbers in English - Whether to use digits or words, Names of numbers in English - Empty numbers, Names of numbers in English - Usage notes

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While there are a number of "rules" about ways of expressing numbers, the essential requirement must always be to avoid ambiguity. Different authorities don't always agree; for example the following sentence was found in a perfectly respectable document. "It has sold 10,000,000 copies. It was number 21 on a recent list of the 100 most important non-fiction books of the 20th century." This sentence is perfectly clear, and it is unlikely that any reader would chang ...

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Names of numbers in English, Names of numbers in English - Cardinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Specialised numbers, Names of numbers in English - Ordinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Dates, Names of numbers in English - Fractions and decimals, Names of numbers in English - Whether to use digits or words, Names of numbers in English - Empty numbers, Names of numbers in English - Usage notes

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In the dharmashastras the study of the Vedas was regarded as a religious duty of the three upper varnas (Brahmins, Kshatriyas and Vaishyas). Women and Shudras were neither required nor allowed to study the Veda (this came to happen only in the very Later Vedic or the Sutra Age, because numerous evidences suggest that all humans were equally allowed to study the Vedas, and many Vedic "authors" were women). Elaborate methods for preserving the text (by learning them by heart and not by writing), subsidiary disciplines (Vedanga), exegetical literature, etc., were developed in the Vedic schools. In the fourteenth century Sayana wrote famous c ...

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Vedas, Vedas - Organization, Vedas - Position and compilation, Vedas - Study, Vedas - Religious views: Monism Monotheism Henotheism and Polytheism, Vedas - Cosmogony

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Hindu tradition regards the Vedas as uncreated, eternal and being revealed to sages (Rishis). The hymns of the Rig-Veda Samhita are believed to have been collected and arranged by Paila under the supervision of Vyasa. Others were chanted during religious and social ceremonies and were compiled by Vaishampayana under the title Yajus mantra Samhita (see Yajur-Veda). Jaimini is said to have collected hymns that were set to music and melody — 'Saman' (see Sama-Veda). The fourth collec ...

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Vedas, Vedas - Organization, Vedas - Position and compilation, Vedas - Study, Vedas - Religious views: Monism Monotheism Henotheism and Polytheism, Vedas - Cosmogony

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The religion of the Vedic period, particularly at its earliest, was distinct in a number of respects, including reference to females in positions of religious authority (female rishis, or sages), an apparent lack of belief in reincarnation, and a markedly different pantheon, with Indra generally the chief god, and little mention of the later primary gods Vishnu and Shiva, although Brahma does appear quite frequently. While Hinduism is generally monistic or monotheistic admitting emanating deities, the early Rig Veda (undeveloped early ...

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Vedas, Vedas - Organization, Vedas - Position and compilation, Vedas - Study, Vedas - Religious views: Monism Monotheism Henotheism and Polytheism, Vedas - Cosmogony

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Here are some ordinal numbers. Zeroth only has a meaning when counts start with zero, which happens in a mathematical or computer science context. Ordinal numbers such as 21st, 33rd, etc, are formed by combining a cardinal ten with an ordinal unit. Higher ordinals are not usually written in words. They are written using digits and letters as described below. Here are some rules that should be borne in mind. The suffixes -th, -st, -nd and -rd< ...

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Names of numbers in English, Names of numbers in English - Cardinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Specialised numbers, Names of numbers in English - Ordinal numbers, Names of numbers in English - Dates, Names of numbers in English - Fractions and decimals, Names of numbers in English - Whether to use digits or words, Names of numbers in English - Empty numbers, Names of numbers in English - Usage notes

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The Chevrolet Corvair engine, unique for an American car, presented a different set of requirements for mechanics, many of whom treated the engine in the same way as they would an engine of normal design, leading to problems. An engineering weakness not generally highlighted related to fumes and gases entering the passenger area via the heater system, a problem endemic to an air-cooled engine that uses heat radiated from the engine directly to heat air for the passenger compartment. Carbon monoxide and other noxious or deadly gases co ...

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Chevrolet Corvair, Chevrolet Corvair - History, Chevrolet Corvair - 1961, Chevrolet Corvair - 1962 – 1963, Chevrolet Corvair - 1964, Chevrolet Corvair - 1965, Chevrolet Corvair - 1966 – 1969, Chevrolet Corvair - Engineering, Chevrolet Corvair - Modifications, Chevrolet Corvair - Yenko Stinger, Chevrolet Corvair - John Fitch Corvair Sprint, Chevrolet Corvair - V8 Corvairs

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Main article at: Chinese number gestures. There is a common method of using of one hand to signify the numbers one to ten. While the five digits on one hand can express the numbers one to five, six to ten have special signs that can be used in commerce or day-to-day communication. ...

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Chinese numerals, Chinese numerals - Written numbers, Chinese numerals - Numeral characters, Chinese numerals - Constructing numbers, Chinese numerals - Large number systems, Chinese numerals - SI prefixes, Chinese numerals - Suzhou 蘇州 or huāmǎ 花碼 numerals, Chinese numerals - Hand gestures, Chinese numerals - Miscellaneous

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Many sports car purists were more interested in the Corvair (particularly the 1965 and later cars) than in more conventional designs, such as the Ford Mustang, despite the latter's power advantage. From the first appearance of the Corvair, a large selection of high-performance equipment and modifications became available for it. Chevrolet Corvair - Yenko Stinger. Don Yenko, who had been racing Corvettes, could not compete successfully against the Carroll Shelby Mustangs after they arrived on the scene; he ...

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Chevrolet Corvair, Chevrolet Corvair - History, Chevrolet Corvair - 1961, Chevrolet Corvair - 1962 – 1963, Chevrolet Corvair - 1964, Chevrolet Corvair - 1965, Chevrolet Corvair - 1966 – 1969, Chevrolet Corvair - Engineering, Chevrolet Corvair - Modifications, Chevrolet Corvair - Yenko Stinger, Chevrolet Corvair - John Fitch Corvair Sprint, Chevrolet Corvair - V8 Corvairs

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