Mutualism (economic theory)

Individualist anarchism, while being advocated among some European philosophers in various forms, has a distinctive flavor in The United States of America. American individualist anarchism includes strong advocacy of private property and a competitive free market economy. It is sometimes called market anarchism. Individualist anarchism is sometimes regarded as a form of "liberal-anarchism" by those who see it is a radicalized version of classical liberalism (American Liberal-Anarchism), while many collectivist and indivi ...

Including:

• American individualist anarchism - Overview
• American individualist anarchism - In contrast to anarcho-communism
• American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists
• American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren
• American individualist anarchism - Stephen Pearl Andrews
• American individualist anarchism - William B. Greene
• American individualist anarchism - Ezra Heywood
• American individualist anarchism - Benjamin Tucker
• American individualist anarchism - Lysander Spooner
• American individualist anarchism - Others
• American individualist anarchism - Terminological disputes
• American individualist anarchism - Conflicts within American individualist anarchism

Read more here: » American individualist anarchism: Encyclopedia - American individualist anarchism

A credit union is a not-for-profit co-operative financial institution that is owned and controlled by its members, through the election of a volunteer Board of Directors elected from the membership itself. Only a member of a credit union may deposit money with the credit union, or borrow money from it. A credit union differs from a traditional financial institution (banks, savings and loan, etc.) in that the members who have accounts in the credit union are the credit union's owners. Since a credit union is a co-operative insti ...

Including:

• Credit union - Membership restrictions
• Credit union - Corporate credit unions
• Credit union - Credit unions in the United States
• Credit union - North American statistics

Read more here: » Credit union: Encyclopedia - Credit union

American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren. Main article: Josiah Warren Josiah Warren is generally considered to be the first individualist anarchist in the American tradition. He also issued what some believe to be the first anarchist periodical ever published, called The Peaceful Revolutionist in 1833. Warren had participated in a failed collectivist experiment headed by Robert Owen called "New Harmony" and came to the conclusion that such a system is inferior to one where individualism and private property is allowed. In Practical Detail ...

See also:

American individualist anarchism, American individualist anarchism - Overview, American individualist anarchism - In contrast to anarcho-communism, American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists, American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren, American individualist anarchism - Stephen Pearl Andrews, American individualist anarchism - William B. Greene, American individualist anarchism - Ezra Heywood, American individualist anarchism - Benjamin Tucker, American individualist anarchism - Lysander Spooner, American individualist anarchism - Others, American individualist anarchism - Terminological disputes, American individualist anarchism - Conflicts within American individualist anarchism

Read more here: » American individualist anarchism: Encyclopedia II - American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists

American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren. Main article: Josiah Warren Josiah Warren is generally considered to be the first individualist anarchist in the American tradition. He also issued what some believe to be the first anarchist periodical ever published, called The Peaceful Revolutionist in 1833. Warren had participated in a failed collectivist experiment headed by Robert Owen called "New Harmony" and came to the conclusion that such a system is inferior to one where individualism and private property is allowed. In Practical Detail ...

See also:

American individualist anarchism, American individualist anarchism - Overview, American individualist anarchism - In contrast to anarcho-communism, American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists, American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren, American individualist anarchism - Stephen Pearl Andrews, American individualist anarchism - William B. Greene, American individualist anarchism - Ezra Heywood, American individualist anarchism - Benjamin Tucker, American individualist anarchism - Lysander Spooner, American individualist anarchism - Voltairine de Cleyre, American individualist anarchism - Contemporaries, American individualist anarchism - Anarcho-capitalism, American individualist anarchism - Terminological disputes, American individualist anarchism - Conflicts within American individualist anarchism

Read more here: » American individualist anarchism: Encyclopedia II - American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists

St. Mary's Bank Credit Union holds the distinction as the first credit union established in the United States and is based in Manchester, NH. St. Mary's was founded by French-speaking immigrants to Manchester from the Maritime Provinces of Canada in 1908. Massachusetts was the first state to enact a credit union law. Department store magnate Edward Filene is credited as being the father of credit unions in the United States. Early credit unions were viewed as the “poor man’s bank” because they would extend credit to people who o ...

See also:

Credit union, Credit union - Membership restrictions, Credit union - Corporate credit unions, Credit union - Credit unions in the United States, Credit union - North American statistics

Read more here: » Credit union: Encyclopedia II - Credit union - Credit unions in the United States

Governmental regulatory agencies require that credit unions restrict their membership to defined segments of the population, such as people who live, work, worship, or attend school in a well-defined geographic area, employees of specific companies or trades, members of specific non-profit groups (alumni associations, conservation or other advocacy organizations, lodges, churches, or the like) or a particular occupational group (teachers, doctors, etc.) In the U.S., this is referred to as a credit union's field of membership, ...

See also:

Credit union, Credit union - Membership restrictions, Credit union - Corporate credit unions, Credit union - Credit unions in the United States, Credit union - North American statistics

Read more here: » Credit union: Encyclopedia II - Credit union - Membership restrictions

Governmental regulatory agencies require that credit unions restrict their membership to defined segments of the population, such as people who live, work, worship, or attend school in a well-defined geographic area; employees of specific companies or trades; members of specific non-profit groups (alumni associations, conservation or other advocacy organizations, lodges, churches, or the like); or a particular occupational group (teachers, doctors, etc.) In the U.S., this is referred to as a credit union's "field of membersh ...

See also:

Credit union, Credit union - Membership restrictions, Credit union - Corporate credit unions, Credit union - Credit unions in the United States, Credit union - North American statistics

Read more here: » Credit union: Encyclopedia II - Credit union - Membership restrictions

Main articles: Anarcho-capitalism, Individualist anarchism and anarcho-capitalism Anarcho-capitalism differs from traditional individualist anarchism in that it does not accept the labor theory of value. As a result, anarcho-capitalists do not regard profit as exploitative. Also, whereas most of the classical individualists oppose titles to unused land, anarcho-capitalists support it as long as it was acquired by the possessor through labor (in the case of unowned land) or trade --it need not be in continual use to retain title. See also:

American individualist anarchism, American individualist anarchism - Overview, American individualist anarchism - In contrast to anarcho-communism, American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists, American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren, American individualist anarchism - Stephen Pearl Andrews, American individualist anarchism - William B. Greene, American individualist anarchism - Ezra Heywood, American individualist anarchism - Benjamin Tucker, American individualist anarchism - Lysander Spooner, American individualist anarchism - Voltairine de Cleyre, American individualist anarchism - Contemporaries, American individualist anarchism - Anarcho-capitalism, American individualist anarchism - Terminological disputes, American individualist anarchism - Conflicts within American individualist anarchism

Read more here: » American individualist anarchism: Encyclopedia II - American individualist anarchism - Anarcho-capitalism

Early individualist anarchists of the late 19th and early 20th century in America (historically called "Boston anarchism" at times, often derogatorily) include Josiah Warren, Ezra Heywood, Joshua K. Ingalls, William B. Greene, Benjamin Tucker, Lysander Spooner, Stephen Pearl Andrews, John William Lloyd, Henry Bool, Steven T. Byington, Victor Yarros, Joseph Labadie, Laurance Labadie, Henry Appleton, and Clarence Lee Swartz. Contemporary theorists of the same philosophical ...

See also:

American individualist anarchism, American individualist anarchism - Overview, American individualist anarchism - In contrast to anarcho-communism, American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists, American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren, American individualist anarchism - Stephen Pearl Andrews, American individualist anarchism - William B. Greene, American individualist anarchism - Ezra Heywood, American individualist anarchism - Benjamin Tucker, American individualist anarchism - Lysander Spooner, American individualist anarchism - Voltairine de Cleyre, American individualist anarchism - Contemporaries, American individualist anarchism - Anarcho-capitalism, American individualist anarchism - Terminological disputes, American individualist anarchism - Conflicts within American individualist anarchism

Read more here: » American individualist anarchism: Encyclopedia II - American individualist anarchism - Overview

Early individualist anarchists of the late 19th and early 20th century in America (historically called "Boston anarchism" at times, often derogatorily) include Josiah Warren, Ezra Heywood, Joshua K. Ingalls, William B. Greene, Benjamin Tucker, Lysander Spooner, Stephen Pearl Andrews, John William Lloyd, Henry Bool, Steven T. Byington, Victor Yarros, Laurance Labadie, and Henry Appleton. Contemporary theorists of the same philosophical strain include Joe Peacott, Larry Gambone, and Kevin Carson. The origin of the American tradition draws heavily on Josiah Warren and France's Pierre Proudhon, though both wo ...

See also:

American individualist anarchism, American individualist anarchism - Overview, American individualist anarchism - In contrast to anarcho-communism, American individualist anarchism - Individualist anarchists, American individualist anarchism - Josiah Warren, American individualist anarchism - Stephen Pearl Andrews, American individualist anarchism - William B. Greene, American individualist anarchism - Ezra Heywood, American individualist anarchism - Benjamin Tucker, American individualist anarchism - Lysander Spooner, American individualist anarchism - Others, American individualist anarchism - Terminological disputes, American individualist anarchism - Conflicts within American individualist anarchism

Read more here: » American individualist anarchism: Encyclopedia II - American individualist anarchism - Overview

Canada is the country with the highest per capita use of credit unions, with over a third of the population enrolled in one. They are concentrated in Quebec, where they are known as caisses populaires (people's bank), and on the Western prairies. In Canada, trade association memberships for credit unions is required. Canada has a 100% affiliation of its credit unions in their trade associations, referred to as credit union leagues. The United States has nearly 85 million credit union members, however less than 1 in 7 people who ...

See also:

Credit union, Credit union - Membership restrictions, Credit union - Corporate credit unions, Credit union - Credit unions in the United States, Credit union - North American statistics

Read more here: » Credit union: Encyclopedia II - Credit union - North American statistics

Instances of anarchist and anti-authoritarian systems of operation during periods of uprisings and revolts against authoritarian governments. Past and present anarchist communities - Israeli Kibbutz Movement. The Kibbutz movement was an outgrowth out of socialist strands of the Zionist Movement, many of which stressed Arab-Jewish cooperation. The movement revolved around anarchist principles of non-hierarchy, self-management of production, and direct democracy. The early kibbutz collectives could be seen t ...

See also:

Past and present anarchist communities, Past and present anarchist communities - Historical examples of societies successfully organized according to anarchist principles, Past and present anarchist communities - Libertatia 1670's to 1690's, Past and present anarchist communities - Utopia 1847 to 1860's, Past and present anarchist communities - Modern times 1851 to late 1860's, Past and present anarchist communities - Whiteway Colony 1898 to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Spanish revolution 1936 to 1939, Past and present anarchist communities - Ukraine and the Makhnovist movement 1918 to 1921, Past and present anarchist communities - Tolstoyan Agricultural Communes 1921-1937, Past and present anarchist communities - The autonomous Shinmin region 1929-1931, Past and present anarchist communities - Examples of revolts and uprisings with anarchist qualities, Past and present anarchist communities - Israeli Kibbutz Movement, Past and present anarchist communities - Italian Factory Occupations and Councils, Past and present anarchist communities - Hungarian Revolution 1956, Past and present anarchist communities - Situationist and Worker/Student Occupation Movement May 1968, Past and present anarchist communities - Kwangju Uprising May 1980, Past and present anarchist communities - Polish revolution/Solidarity 1980 to 1982, Past and present anarchist communities - Radicalism in Grenada 1979 to 1983, Past and present anarchist communities - Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities, Past and present anarchist communities - Christiania 1970's to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Cascadia Free State 1996 US, Past and present anarchist communities - Argentina 2001 to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Examples of projects and other movements with anarchist qualities, Past and present anarchist communities - Icelandic Commonwealth 930 to 1262, Past and present anarchist communities - Holy Experiment Quaker Pennsylvania 1681-1690, Past and present anarchist communities - Los Horcones Community 1973 to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Freetown Christiania, Past and present anarchist communities - Squatter movements, Past and present anarchist communities - Free Software movement, Past and present anarchist communities - Galt's Gulch frontierist movements, Past and present anarchist communities - Data havens cyberspace and permanent travelers

Read more here: » Past and present anarchist communities: Encyclopedia II - Past and present anarchist communities - Examples of revolts and uprisings with anarchist qualities

In recent history there have been numerous instances of collapse of state authority, sometimes prompted by war but also often due to implosion of the state. In some cases, state collapse is followed by lawlessness, rioting, looting and, if disarray lasts long enough, warlordism. Although such societies are often described as anarchy, they are not organized according to anarchist principles. However, there are instances in which a society peacefully organizes itself without a government or other form of centralized power, along philoso ...

See also:

Past and present anarchist communities, Past and present anarchist communities - Historical examples of societies successfully organized according to anarchist principles, Past and present anarchist communities - Libertatia 1670's to 1690's, Past and present anarchist communities - Utopia 1847 to 1860's, Past and present anarchist communities - Modern times 1851 to late 1860's, Past and present anarchist communities - Whiteway Colony 1898 to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Spanish revolution 1936 to 1939, Past and present anarchist communities - Ukraine and the Makhnovist movement 1918 to 1921, Past and present anarchist communities - Tolstoyan Agricultural Communes 1921-1937, Past and present anarchist communities - The autonomous Shinmin region 1929-1931, Past and present anarchist communities - Examples of revolts and uprisings with anarchist qualities, Past and present anarchist communities - Israeli Kibbutz Movement, Past and present anarchist communities - Italian Factory Occupations and Councils, Past and present anarchist communities - Hungarian Revolution 1956, Past and present anarchist communities - Situationist and Worker/Student Occupation Movement May 1968, Past and present anarchist communities - Kwangju Uprising May 1980, Past and present anarchist communities - Polish revolution/Solidarity 1980 to 1982, Past and present anarchist communities - Radicalism in Grenada 1979 to 1983, Past and present anarchist communities - Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities, Past and present anarchist communities - Christiania 1970's to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Cascadia Free State 1996 US, Past and present anarchist communities - Argentina 2001 to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Examples of projects and other movements with anarchist qualities, Past and present anarchist communities - Icelandic Commonwealth 930 to 1262, Past and present anarchist communities - Holy Experiment Quaker Pennsylvania 1681-1690, Past and present anarchist communities - Los Horcones Community 1973 to present, Past and present anarchist communities - Freetown Christiania, Past and present anarchist communities - Squatter movements, Past and present anarchist communities - Free Software movement, Past and present anarchist communities - Galt's Gulch frontierist movements, Past and present anarchist communities - Data havens cyberspace and permanent travelers

Read more here: » Past and present anarchist communities: Encyclopedia II - Past and present anarchist communities - Historical examples of societies successfully organized according to anarchist principles