Minarchism

Some theories assume that a free market is a natural form of social organization, and that a free market will arise in any society where it is not obstructed. The consensus among economic historians is that the free market economy is a specific historic phenomenon, and that it emerged in late mediaeval and early-modern Europe. Some economic historians see elements of the free market in the economic systems of Classical Antiqu ...

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Free market, Free market - In detail, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

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Support for the free market as an ordering principle of society is above all associated with liberalism, especially during the 19th century. In Europe, the term 'liberalism' retains its connotation as the ideology of the free market, but in American usage it came to be associated with government intervention, and acquired a pejorative meaning for supporters of the free market. Later ideological developments, such as minarchism and libertarianism also support the free market, and insist on its pure form. Although the Western world shares a ge ...

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Free market, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

Read more here: » Free market: Encyclopedia II - Free market - Ideology and ethics

It is fair to say that, of people who are familiar with Objectivism, reactions are rarely neutral. Rand's beliefs are often supported with great passion or derided with great disgust, with little in between. The general reaction of academia has been in the latter category, to the point where Objectivism is often not taken as a serious contribution to the field and therefore worthy of little more than dismissal. To be specific, critics in academia often conclude that many of the specific stances are demonstrably false rehashes of old errors, ...

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Objectivist philosophy, Objectivist philosophy - Objectivist principles, Objectivist philosophy - Metaphysics: Objective reality, Objectivist philosophy - Epistemology: reason, Objectivist philosophy - Ethics: rational self-interest, Objectivist philosophy - Politics: individual rights and capitalism, Objectivist philosophy - Esthetics: Romanticism, Objectivist philosophy - Response to Objectivist philosophy, Objectivist philosophy - Criticism of Objectivism, Objectivist philosophy - Criticism of Ayn Rand’s reading of the history of philosophy, Objectivist philosophy - Notes

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In the 1980s, most of the planned economies in the world attempted to transform themselves into market economies, for various reasons and with varying degrees of success. In the Soviet Union, this process was known as perestroika while in China the creation of a "socialist market economy" was one element of Chinese economic reform. "In a planned economy those with political power make up the plans, in a market economy those who have money make up the plans" is a common joke in Central European countries who have expe ...

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Market economy, Market economy - Free market economy, Market economy - Adam Smith's theory, Market economy - Decisionmaking, Market economy - Market Failure, Market economy - Government Intervention, Market economy - Comparison to planned economies, Market economy - Criticism of market economy

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Some people believe that Money, in a truly free market economy, is not monopolized by legal tender laws or by a central money maker authority which coerces society to use its own money as the unique medium of exchange in trades, in order to receive taxes from the transactions or to be able to issue loans. On the other hand, the so called "coercion" of taxes is arguably essential for the market's survival, and a market free from taxes may lead to no market at all. It is obvious that there is no market without private property and it is ...

See also:

Free market, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

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The law of supply and demand predominates in the idealized free market, influencing prices toward an equilibrium that balances the demands for the products against the supplies. At these equilibrium prices, the market distributes the products to the purchasers according to each purchaser's use (or utility) for each product and within the relative limits of each buyer's purchasing power. The necessary components for the functioning of an idealized free market include the complete absence of artificial price pressures from taxes, subsidies, ta ...

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Free market, Free market - In detail, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

Read more here: » Free market: Encyclopedia II - Free market - Theory

While the free-market is an idealized abstraction, it is useful in understanding real markets whether artificially created and regulated by governments or non-governmental agencies, or phenomena such as the black market and the underground economy, which can be remarkably robust in persisting despite attempts to suppress these markets. ...

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Free market, Free market - In detail, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

Read more here: » Free market: Encyclopedia II - Free market - Practice

It is fair to say that, of people who are familiar with Objectivism, reactions are rarely neutral. Indeed, it is almost impossible to be neutral, because Objectivism holds itself to be factually valid, meaning that you either agree with it fully or contradict it. Rand's beliefs are often supported with great passion or derided with great disgust, with little in between. The general reaction of academia has been in the latter category, to the point where Objectivism is often not taken as a serious contribution to the field and therefore worth ...

See also:

Objectivist philosophy, Objectivist philosophy - Objectivist principles, Objectivist philosophy - Metaphysics: Objective reality, Objectivist philosophy - Epistemology: reason, Objectivist philosophy - Ethics: rational self-interest, Objectivist philosophy - Politics: individual rights and capitalism, Objectivist philosophy - Esthetics: Romanticism, Objectivist philosophy - Response to Objectivist philosophy, Objectivist philosophy - Criticism of Objectivism, Objectivist philosophy - Criticism of Ayn Rand’s reading of the history of philosophy, Objectivist philosophy - Notes

Read more here: » Objectivist philosophy: Encyclopedia II - Objectivist philosophy - Response to Objectivist philosophy

Support for the free market as an ordering principle of society is above all associated with liberalism, especially during the 19th century. In Europe, the term 'liberalism' retains its connotation as the ideology of the free market, but in American usage it came to be associated with government intervention, and acquired a pejorative meaning for supporters of the free market. Later ideological developments, such as minarchism and libertarianism also support the free market, and insist on its pure form. Although the Western world shares a ge ...

See also:

Free market, Free market - In detail, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

Read more here: » Free market: Encyclopedia II - Free market - Ideology and ethics

Some people believe that Money, in a truly free market economy, is not monopolized by legal tender laws or by a central money maker authority which coerces society to use its own money as the unique medium of exchange in trades, in order to receive taxes from the transactions or to be able to issue loans. On the other hand, the so called "coercion" of taxes is arguably essential for the market's survival, and a market free from taxes may lead to no market at all. It is obvious that there is no market without private property and it is ...

See also:

Free market, Free market - In detail, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

Read more here: » Free market: Encyclopedia II - Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?

The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank, tried to identify the key factors which allow to measure the degree of freedom of economy of a particular country. In 1986 they introduced Index of Economic Freedom, which is based on some fifty variables. This and other similar indices do not define a free market, but measure the degree to which a modern economy is free, meaning in most cases free of state intervention. The variables are divided into the following major groups: Trade policy, Fiscal burde ...

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Free market, Free market - In detail, Free market - Origins, Free market - Theory, Free market - Practice, Free market - The degree of market freedom, Free market - Ideology and ethics, Free market - Legal Tender law and Taxes. Are they compatible with a free market?, Free market - Contrast

Read more here: » Free market: Encyclopedia II - Free market - The degree of market freedom

Anarcho-capitalism has been examined in certain works of literature, particularly science fiction. Vernor Vinge's short story The Ungoverned depicts anarcho-capitalists defending against an invading government. Example contract corporations in this story include Big Al's Protection Racket (a police service) and Justice, Inc. Anarcho-capitalism is also discussed in Vinge's novels The Peace War and Marooned in Realtime, which both occur in the same literary milieu as "The Ungoverned". The short story "Conquest by Default" depicts an anarcho-capitalist alien race which prev ...

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Anarcho-capitalist literature, Anarcho-capitalist literature - Nonfiction, Anarcho-capitalist literature - Fiction

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Throughout his life, Nock was a deeply private man who shared few of the details of his personal life with his working partners. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, to a father who was both a steelworker and an Episcopal priest, and he was raised in Brooklyn, New York. After graduating from St. Stephen's College (now known as Bard College), he had a brief career playing minor league baseball. He then attended a theological seminary and was himself ordained as an Episcopal priest in 1897. Nock married Agnes Grumbine in 1900 and had two chi ...

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Albert Jay Nock, Albert Jay Nock - Life and Work, Albert Jay Nock - Thought, Albert Jay Nock - Sources

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The term anarcho-capitalism was most likely coined in the mid-1950s by the economist Murray Rothbard.[1] Other terms used for this philosophy include: capitalist anarchism anti-state capitalism anarcho-liberalism stateless capitalism the private-law society[2] radical capitalismSee also:

Anarcho-capitalism, Anarcho-capitalism - Philosophy, Anarcho-capitalism - The nonaggression axiom, Anarcho-capitalism - Original appropriation, Anarcho-capitalism - The contractual society, Anarcho-capitalism - Private law and order, Anarcho-capitalism - The use of force, Anarcho-capitalism - Conflicts within anarcho-capitalist theory, Anarcho-capitalism - Anarchism and anarcho-capitalism, Anarcho-capitalism - Left and Right anarchism, Anarcho-capitalism - History and influences, Anarcho-capitalism - Liberalism, Anarcho-capitalism - American individualist anarchism, Anarcho-capitalism - The Austrian School, Anarcho-capitalism - Anarcho-capitalism in the real world, Anarcho-capitalism - Medieval Iceland, Anarcho-capitalism - Modern Somalia, Anarcho-capitalism - The Internet, Anarcho-capitalism - Science Fiction, Anarcho-capitalism - Criticisms of anarcho-capitalism, Anarcho-capitalism - Practical questions, Anarcho-capitalism - Moral questions, Anarcho-capitalism - Dispute over the name anarchism, Anarcho-capitalism - Notes, Anarcho-capitalism - Books, Anarcho-capitalism - Related subjects, Anarcho-capitalism - General

Read more here: » Anarcho-capitalism: Encyclopedia II - Anarcho-capitalism - Philosophy

The Mises Institute's stated goal is to undermine statism in all its forms. Its methodology is based on praxeology, a description of individual human action which seeks to avoid errors in scientific behavioral observation that could be induced by human self-consciousness and complexity. The institute's economic theories depict any government intervention as destructive, whether through welfare, inflation, taxation, regulation, or war. LvMI disparag ...

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Ludwig von Mises Institute, Ludwig von Mises Institute - Background, Ludwig von Mises Institute - Mission and activities, Ludwig von Mises Institute - Historical views, Ludwig von Mises Institute - Criticisms, Ludwig von Mises Institute - Southern Poverty Law Center, Ludwig von Mises Institute - Claremont Institute, Ludwig von Mises Institute - Faculty and administration

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Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Existing Terms. Anarcho-capitalist authors can use common terms in a way that can subtly differ from the way they're used by other anarchists or in general discourse. In general, the meaning is clear in context, but it can lead to serious misunderstandings especially when discussing anarcho-capitalist ideas with socialist/collectivist anarchists. Anarcho-capitalists use the following terms with the following definitions: Anarchism — a phi ...

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Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism, Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Terms, Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Existing Terms, Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Jargon/Neologisms, Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Symbols, Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Ama-gi, Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Libertatis Æquilibritas, Anarcho-capitalist terminology and symbolism - Gold-Black Flag

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Studying under Carl Grünberg, von Mises started off as an exponent of the so-called Historical School of government science, which stressed fact-finding and de-emphasised theoretical analysis. But in the fall of 1903 he read Carl Menger's Principles of Economics, the foundational text of the Austrian School. The book turned him towards a more theoretical approach, and in the following years he deepened his studies of economic theory, especially in the seminar of Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, a former fina ...

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Ludwig von Mises, Ludwig von Mises - University education and influences, Ludwig von Mises - Libertarianism, Ludwig von Mises - Notes

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In the course of his life, Rothbard was associated with a number of political thinkers and movements. During the early 1950s, he studied with the Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises and began working for the William Volker Fund. During the late 1950s, Rothbard was briefly an intimate of Ayn Rand and Nathaniel Branden, whom he would later criticize strongly, and who criticized anarcho-capitalism as pro-statist. In the late 1960s, Rothbard advocated an alliance with the New Left anti-war movement, on the grounds that the conservative movement ...

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Murray Rothbard, Murray Rothbard - Life, Murray Rothbard - Rothbard's law, Murray Rothbard - Books

Read more here: » Murray Rothbard: Encyclopedia II - Murray Rothbard - Life

Classical libertarian theory rests upon two basic core values: (1) self-ownership, and (2) property rights. Agents are said to own themselves in the sense that they are fully entitled to the products of their labor and they cannot, without their permission, be forced to do certain things that violate their autonomy (the kinds of things vary from one philosopher to another). Libertarians also believe that property rights are the most basic rights in a political system. People can own property and their ownership is protected by prevailing leg ...

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Left-libertarianism, Left-libertarianism - Libertarian in nature?, Left-libertarianism - Equality and ownership, Left-libertarianism - Politics in left-libertarian philosophies, Left-libertarianism - Some problems and criticisms, Left-libertarianism - Contemporary left-libertarians

Read more here: » Left-libertarianism: Encyclopedia II - Left-libertarianism - Libertarian in nature?

The party also nominated a number of candidates to run in by-elections: 1980 by-election: 1 1981 by-election: 1 1982 by-election: 1 1990 by-election: 2 1995 by-election: 1 Source: Parliament of Canada History of the Federal Electoral Ridings since 1867 ...

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Libertarian Party of Canada, Libertarian Party of Canada - Election results, Libertarian Party of Canada - Libertarian Party governance, Libertarian Party of Canada - Board of Directors, Libertarian Party of Canada - Officers, Libertarian Party of Canada - Ethics Committee, Libertarian Party of Canada - Leaders

Read more here: » Libertarian Party of Canada: Encyclopedia II - Libertarian Party of Canada - Election results

After the national assemblies of June 25 and August 13, 2005, there was an internal upheaval at the party. The secretary general, treasurer, and many others of a strong ideological libertarian bent have left the party, to be replaced by what Otto Guevara termed "moderates". It has been argued by the ideological libertarians currently leaving the party--those he classified as radicals in the press--that most of the people entering the party and vying for congressmen posts are not actually libertarians at all, given that they ...

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Movimiento Libertario, Movimiento Libertario - Recent developments, Movimiento Libertario - External link

Read more here: » Movimiento Libertario: Encyclopedia II - Movimiento Libertario - Recent developments